16 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Bio-efficacy and phytotoxicity of pre-emergence herbicide mixtures on weed growth and yield in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) | The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include bio-efficacy, phytotoxicity, pre-emergence herbicide mixtures, weed growth, yield, transplanted rice, oryza sativa l., agricultural research farm. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 7 factual, 6 relationship, 2 list, 1 definition. 9 of the 16 pairs (56.2%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 7 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 16 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from a study on the bio-efficacy and phytotoxicity of pre-emergence herbicide mixtures in transplanted rice. The research, conducted at Banaras Hindu University's Agricultural Research Farm, assessed weed control, rice yield, and economic outcomes. Key findings include the economic and agronomic performance of specific herbicide combinations, as well as their phytotoxic effects. The dataset also includes metadata about the publication source and indexing details for The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences.
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df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-da149b43be493306d1d7b508964c0f3c")
df.head()First 10 of 16 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Under what conditions does the Indian Council of Agricultural Research allow the use of material from The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences? | provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR | This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. International License. The copyright of the articles published inThe Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciencesis vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | 477 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. | p[19] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What did the economic analysis reveal about the herbicide combination oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150 ml a.i. ha-1)? | provided the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio | economic analysis indicated that oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150 ml a.i. ha-1) provided the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio, making it economically an effective option. The study highlights the need of pre-emergence herbicides mixtures to optimize both weed control and productivity in transplanted rice. Professor | 85 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | ha-1) provided the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio, making it economically an effective option. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which herbicide combination caused notable phytotoxicity symptoms in rice despite demonstrating superior weed control efficiency? | oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1 | (recommended), 942.5 and 1508 (double) g a.i. ha-1, pretilachlor 30% + pyrazosulfuron ethyl 0.75% WDG @ 615 g.a.i. ha-1, bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 660 g.a.i. ha-1 and oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1. Key findings of study revealed that the herbicide combination of oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1 significantly reduced weed density, weed dry weight, demonstrating superior weed control efficiency with highest rice grain yield compared to other pre-emergence herbicide mixtures, despite causing notable phytotoxicity symptoms in rice. It was at par with metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl + pretilachlor @ 1508 g a.i. ha-1 (double) and metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl + pretilachlor @ 754 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended). | 188 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | ha-1 and oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which herbicide combination demonstrated superior weed control efficiency and highest rice grain yield? | oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1 | (recommended), 942.5 and 1508 (double) g a.i. ha-1, pretilachlor 30% + pyrazosulfuron ethyl 0.75% WDG @ 615 g.a.i. ha-1, bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 660 g.a.i. ha-1 and oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1. Key findings of study revealed that the herbicide combination of oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1 significantly reduced weed density, weed dry weight, demonstrating superior weed control efficiency with highest rice grain yield compared to other pre-emergence herbicide mixtures, despite causing notable phytotoxicity symptoms in rice. It was at par with metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl + pretilachlor @ 1508 g a.i. ha-1 (double) and metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl + pretilachlor @ 754 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended). | 188 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | ha-1 and oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which herbicide combination provided the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio? | oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150 ml a.i. ha-1) | economic analysis indicated that oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150 ml a.i. ha-1) provided the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio, making it economically an effective option. The study highlights the need of pre-emergence herbicides mixtures to optimize both weed control and productivity in transplanted rice. Professor | 33 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | economic analysis indicated that oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150 ml a.i. ha-1) provided the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio, making it economically an effective option. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the design of the experiment conducted on herbicide mixtures? | randomized complete block design | Weeds are the major factor reducing grain yield in transplanted rice. A comprehensive study about the bio-efficacy and phytotoxicity of pre-emergence herbicide mixtures on weed growth and yield in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during the Kharif season of 2023 at Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, the study aimed to assess the impact of various pre-emergence herbicide mixtures on weed control, rice yield, phytotoxicity and economic analysis. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design in field with 9 herbicide treatments including control. The treatments having herbicide mixtures consist of metsulfuron methyl 0.02% + chlorimuron ethyl 0.02% + pretilachlor 7.54 % GR having doses @ 452.4, 603.2, 754. | 525 | definition | 0.940 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design in field with 9 herbicide treatments including control. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What symptoms did the herbicide combination oxidiazon + pretilachlor cause in rice? | notable phytotoxicity symptoms | (recommended), 942.5 and 1508 (double) g a.i. ha-1, pretilachlor 30% + pyrazosulfuron ethyl 0.75% WDG @ 615 g.a.i. ha-1, bensulfuron methyl 0.6% + pretilachlor 6% GR @ 660 g.a.i. ha-1 and oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1. Key findings of study revealed that the herbicide combination of oxidiazon + pretilachlor @ (520 + 150) ml a.i. ha-1 significantly reduced weed density, weed dry weight, demonstrating superior weed control efficiency with highest rice grain yield compared to other pre-emergence herbicide mixtures, despite causing notable phytotoxicity symptoms in rice. It was at par with metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl + pretilachlor @ 1508 g a.i. ha-1 (double) and metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl + pretilachlor @ 754 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended). | 556 | relationship | 0.890 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | ha-1 significantly reduced weed density, weed dry weight, demonstrating superior weed control efficiency with highest rice grain yield compared to other pre-emergence herbicide mixtures, despite causing notable phytotoxicity symptoms in rice. | ||||
| Where is The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences indexed? | Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ | This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. International License. The copyright of the articles published inThe Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciencesis vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | 730 | list | 0.820 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | ||||
| What are the ISSN numbers for The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences? | Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319 | This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. International License. The copyright of the articles published inThe Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciencesis vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | 624 | list | 0.740 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. | ||||
| What is the title of the publication by Fitzgerald M A, McCouch S R, and Hall R D in 2009? | Not just a grain of rice: the quest for quality | Fitzgerald M A, McCouch S R and Hall R D. 2009. Not just a grain of rice: the quest for quality. Trends in plant science 14(3): 133-139. Jabran K, Uludag A and Chauhan B S. 2018. Sustainable weed control in rice. In Weed Control 276-287. Kumar V and Ladha J K. 2011. Direct seeding of rice: recent developments and future research needs. Advances in agronomy 111: 297-413. Mahajan G and Chauhan B S. 2013. Herbicide options for weed control in dry-seeded aromatic rice in India. Weed Technology 27(4): 682-689. Mohapatra S, Tripathy S K, Nayak B R and Mohanty A K. 2017. Efficacy of pre-emergence herbicides for control of complex weed flora in transplanted rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 49(3): 216-218. Muthayya S, Rah J H, Sugimoto J D, Roos F F, Kraemer K and Black R E. 2013. The global hidden hunger indices and maps: an advocacy tool for action. PloS one 8(6): 67860. | 48 | factual | 0.570 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/159025 | 2009. Not just a grain of rice: the quest for quality. | p[9] | 0.700 |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[19] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[19] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| valid |