6 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from A cost-effective orchard netting against fruit sucking moth (Eudocima materna) in pomegranate (Punica granatum) | The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include orchard netting, fruit sucking moth, eudocima materna, pomegranate, punica granatum, southern karnataka, banana baiting, azadirachtin spray. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 2 factual, 2 relationship, 1 list, 1 summary. 4 of the 6 pairs (66.7%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 2 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains six question-and-answer pairs derived from a study on managing fruit piercing and sucking moth (Eudocima materna) in pomegranate orchards in Southern Karnataka. The study evaluated four management strategies—whole-orchard netting, single-tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray—over three years (2023–2025). Whole-orchard netting emerged as a residue-free, eco-friendly, and economically viable solution, achieving zero fruit damage consistently. The dataset also highlights the peak damage period (September–November) and the rapid adoption of whole-orchard netting by over 92% of farmers by 2025.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-d7c3373d6aaaf0c1a40d3d44653970eb")
df.head()First 6 of 6 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What type of damage does the fruit piercing and sucking moth cause to pomegranate fruits? | pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots | Fruit piercing and sucking moth (FPSM) causes serious pre‑harvest losses in pomegranate in Southern Karnataka during the peak fruiting season (September–November). Adult moths pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots, while chemical control is ineffective and undesirable due to residue concerns. A three‑year field study (2023–2025) conducted in two commercial orchards in Devanahalli Taluk evaluated four management options whole‑orchard netting, single‑tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray. Whole‑orchard and single‑tree netting consistently resulted in zero fruit damage across all years, whereas banana baiting and azadirachtin provided partial control. Statistical analysis confirmed highly significant treatment effects. Whole‑orchard netting, costing about ₹20,000/acre, offered complete protection with a favourable benefit-cost ratio. | 176 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/175757 | Adult moths pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots, while chemical control is ineffective and undesirable due to residue concerns. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What are the key benefits of whole-orchard netting for managing fruit piercing and sucking moth? | residue‑free, eco‑friendly, and economically viable strategy | Demonstration effects led to rapid farmer adoption, with over 92% adoption across major pomegranate‑growing regions by 2025. Whole‑orchard netting, thus, represents an effective, residue‑free, eco‑friendly, and economically viable strategy for FPSM management. Atachi P, Desmidts M and Durnex C. 1989. Fruit piercing moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as citrus pests in Benin: A description of their damage and morphology. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 37: 111–20. Bhumannavar B S. 2000. ‘Studies on fruit piercing moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Species composition, biology and natural enemies’. PhD Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, Bengaluru, Karnataka. 181 pp. Bhumannavar B S and Viraktamath C A. 2001. Proboscis morphology and nature of fruit damage in different fruit piercing moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). | 179 | summary | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/175757 | Whole‑orchard netting, thus, represents an effective, residue‑free, eco‑friendly, and economically viable strategy for FPSM management. | ||||
| Why is chemical control considered undesirable for managing fruit piercing and sucking moth? | due to residue concerns | Fruit piercing and sucking moth (FPSM) causes serious pre‑harvest losses in pomegranate in Southern Karnataka during the peak fruiting season (September–November). Adult moths pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots, while chemical control is ineffective and undesirable due to residue concerns. A three‑year field study (2023–2025) conducted in two commercial orchards in Devanahalli Taluk evaluated four management options whole‑orchard netting, single‑tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray. Whole‑orchard and single‑tree netting consistently resulted in zero fruit damage across all years, whereas banana baiting and azadirachtin provided partial control. Statistical analysis confirmed highly significant treatment effects. Whole‑orchard netting, costing about ₹20,000/acre, offered complete protection with a favourable benefit-cost ratio. | 280 | relationship | 0.890 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/175757 | Adult moths pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots, while chemical control is ineffective and undesirable due to residue concerns. | ||||
| Which management options were evaluated in the three-year field study for controlling fruit piercing and sucking moth? | whole‑orchard netting, single‑tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray | Fruit piercing and sucking moth (FPSM) causes serious pre‑harvest losses in pomegranate in Southern Karnataka during the peak fruiting season (September–November). Adult moths pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots, while chemical control is ineffective and undesirable due to residue concerns. A three‑year field study (2023–2025) conducted in two commercial orchards in Devanahalli Taluk evaluated four management options whole‑orchard netting, single‑tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray. Whole‑orchard and single‑tree netting consistently resulted in zero fruit damage across all years, whereas banana baiting and azadirachtin provided partial control. Statistical analysis confirmed highly significant treatment effects. Whole‑orchard netting, costing about ₹20,000/acre, offered complete protection with a favourable benefit-cost ratio. | 434 | list | 0.820 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/175757 | A three‑year field study (2023–2025) conducted in two commercial orchards in Devanahalli Taluk evaluated four management options whole‑orchard netting, single‑tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray. | ||||
| During which months does the fruit piercing and sucking moth cause significant damage to pomegranate in Southern Karnataka? | September–November | Fruit piercing and sucking moth (FPSM) causes serious pre‑harvest losses in pomegranate in Southern Karnataka during the peak fruiting season (September–November). Adult moths pierce the fruit rind, leading to secondary rots, while chemical control is ineffective and undesirable due to residue concerns. A three‑year field study (2023–2025) conducted in two commercial orchards in Devanahalli Taluk evaluated four management options whole‑orchard netting, single‑tree netting, banana baiting with chlorpyrifos, and azadirachtin spray. Whole‑orchard and single‑tree netting consistently resulted in zero fruit damage across all years, whereas banana baiting and azadirachtin provided partial control. Statistical analysis confirmed highly significant treatment effects. Whole‑orchard netting, costing about ₹20,000/acre, offered complete protection with a favourable benefit-cost ratio. | 143 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/175757 | Fruit piercing and sucking moth (FPSM) causes serious pre‑harvest losses in pomegranate in Southern Karnataka during the peak fruiting season (September–November). | ||||
| What percentage of farmers adopted whole-orchard netting by 2025? | over 92% adoption | Demonstration effects led to rapid farmer adoption, with over 92% adoption across major pomegranate‑growing regions by 2025. Whole‑orchard netting, thus, represents an effective, residue‑free, eco‑friendly, and economically viable strategy for FPSM management. Atachi P, Desmidts M and Durnex C. 1989. Fruit piercing moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as citrus pests in Benin: A description of their damage and morphology. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 37: 111–20. Bhumannavar B S. 2000. ‘Studies on fruit piercing moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Species composition, biology and natural enemies’. PhD Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, Bengaluru, Karnataka. 181 pp. Bhumannavar B S and Viraktamath C A. 2001. Proboscis morphology and nature of fruit damage in different fruit piercing moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). | 57 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/175757 | Demonstration effects led to rapid farmer adoption, with over 92% adoption across major pomegranate‑growing regions by 2025. | p[0] | 0.700 |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| valid |