10 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Assessment of environmental impact, energetics and productivity of small-farm integrated farming system model under irrigated situation of semi-arid ecosystem of India | The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include small-farm integrated farming system, semi-arid ecosystem, india, energy budgeting, carbon budgeting, crop-livestock-horticulture, pearl millet equivalent yield, dairy. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 7 factual, 1 definition, 1 list, 1 summary. 3 of the 10 pairs (30.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 7 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset explores the environmental impact, energy dynamics, and productivity of Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) in semi-arid regions of India, based on a study conducted from 2020–21 to 2021–22. The research focused on a 1.45-hectare crop-livestock-horticulture model at the Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura. Key findings include the model's Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY), energy use efficiency, and contributions from various enterprises like dairy and crops. The dataset provides extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from the study, covering topics such as energy budgeting, carbon sequestration, and employment generation.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-caf028aef60bae83156b9beef8ab1b5f")
df.head()First 10 of 10 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What farming systems do small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice? | crop-dominated farming systems | Small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice crop-dominated farming systems, which tend to have low productivity and negative environmental impacts. Transforming these farms into Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) could address multiple challenges. The current study was carried out during 2020–21 to 2021–22 at All India Coordinated Research Project on IFS, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, energy and carbon budgeting of crop-livestock-horticulture based IFS model of 1.45 ha. This IFS model produced mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) of 37,209 kg/year. Among the enterprises, dairy contributed the highest (35.84%) in the mean annual production followed by crops (24.37%). | 63 | definition | 0.940 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | Small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice crop-dominated farming systems, which tend to have low productivity and negative environmental impacts. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the primary aim of transforming farms into Integrated Farming Systems in semi-arid regions? | address multiple challenges | Small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice crop-dominated farming systems, which tend to have low productivity and negative environmental impacts. Transforming these farms into Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) could address multiple challenges. The current study was carried out during 2020–21 to 2021–22 at All India Coordinated Research Project on IFS, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, energy and carbon budgeting of crop-livestock-horticulture based IFS model of 1.45 ha. This IFS model produced mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) of 37,209 kg/year. Among the enterprises, dairy contributed the highest (35.84%) in the mean annual production followed by crops (24.37%). | 236 | summary | 0.890 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | Transforming these farms into Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) could address multiple challenges. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What components were included in the diversified cropping of the Integrated Farming Systems model? | cereals, pulses, oilseed | The results indicated that with diversified cropping (cereals, pulses, oilseed), livestock (dairy, goat, poultry), horticulture (vegetable and mixed orchard) based current IFS model may be a climate smart option for small farmers in the study area to enhance the productivity, profitability, energy use and carbon sequestration to minimize the environmental impact. | 54 | list | 0.740 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | The results indicated that with diversified cropping (cereals, pulses, oilseed), livestock (dairy, goat, poultry), horticulture (vegetable and mixed orchard) based current IFS model may be a climate smart option for small farmers in the study area to enhance the productivity, profitability, energy use and carbon sequestration to minimize the environmental impact. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which enterprise contributed the highest percentage to the mean annual production in the Integrated Farming Systems model? | dairy | Small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice crop-dominated farming systems, which tend to have low productivity and negative environmental impacts. Transforming these farms into Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) could address multiple challenges. The current study was carried out during 2020–21 to 2021–22 at All India Coordinated Research Project on IFS, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, energy and carbon budgeting of crop-livestock-horticulture based IFS model of 1.45 ha. This IFS model produced mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) of 37,209 kg/year. Among the enterprises, dairy contributed the highest (35.84%) in the mean annual production followed by crops (24.37%). | 688 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | Among the enterprises, dairy contributed the highest (35.84%) in the mean annual production followed by crops (24.37%). | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| How many man-days of employment did the Integrated Farming Systems model generate annually? | 779 man-days | Likewise, the mean annual net return of the IFS model was ₹3,31,853, wherein dairy component contributing the highest (33.09%) followed by crops (29.60%) along with mean annual employment of around 779 man-days. This model consumed 263808 MJ of energy input annually against the total output of 321866 MJ. The model was energy efficient with the mean energy use efficiency of 1.22 and net energy gain of 58058 MJ. This model sequestrated nearly 7324.4 kg CO2–e as sink through tree components (4978 kg CO2–e) and incorporated manures or crop residues (2346.4 kg CO2–e). | 198 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | Likewise, the mean annual net return of the IFS model was ₹3,31,853, wherein dairy component contributing the highest (33.09%) followed by crops (29.60%) along with mean annual employment of around 779 man-days. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| How much energy input did the Integrated Farming Systems model consume annually? | 263808 MJ | Likewise, the mean annual net return of the IFS model was ₹3,31,853, wherein dairy component contributing the highest (33.09%) followed by crops (29.60%) along with mean annual employment of around 779 man-days. This model consumed 263808 MJ of energy input annually against the total output of 321866 MJ. The model was energy efficient with the mean energy use efficiency of 1.22 and net energy gain of 58058 MJ. This model sequestrated nearly 7324.4 kg CO2–e as sink through tree components (4978 kg CO2–e) and incorporated manures or crop residues (2346.4 kg CO2–e). | 232 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | This model consumed 263808 MJ of energy input annually against the total output of 321866 MJ. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What is the size of the crop-livestock-horticulture based Integrated Farming Systems model studied? | 1.45 ha | Small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice crop-dominated farming systems, which tend to have low productivity and negative environmental impacts. Transforming these farms into Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) could address multiple challenges. The current study was carried out during 2020–21 to 2021–22 at All India Coordinated Research Project on IFS, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, energy and carbon budgeting of crop-livestock-horticulture based IFS model of 1.45 ha. This IFS model produced mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) of 37,209 kg/year. Among the enterprises, dairy contributed the highest (35.84%) in the mean annual production followed by crops (24.37%). | 565 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | The current study was carried out during 2020–21 to 2021–22 at All India Coordinated Research Project on IFS, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, energy and carbon budgeting of crop-livestock-horticulture based IFS model of 1.45 ha. | ||||
| What was the mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) produced by the Integrated Farming Systems model? | 37,209 kg/year | Small and marginal farmers in semi-arid regions often practice crop-dominated farming systems, which tend to have low productivity and negative environmental impacts. Transforming these farms into Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) could address multiple challenges. The current study was carried out during 2020–21 to 2021–22 at All India Coordinated Research Project on IFS, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, energy and carbon budgeting of crop-livestock-horticulture based IFS model of 1.45 ha. This IFS model produced mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) of 37,209 kg/year. Among the enterprises, dairy contributed the highest (35.84%) in the mean annual production followed by crops (24.37%). | 649 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | This IFS model produced mean annual Pearl Millet Equivalent Yield (PEY) of 37,209 kg/year. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the mean annual net return of the Integrated Farming Systems model? | ₹3,31,853 | Likewise, the mean annual net return of the IFS model was ₹3,31,853, wherein dairy component contributing the highest (33.09%) followed by crops (29.60%) along with mean annual employment of around 779 man-days. This model consumed 263808 MJ of energy input annually against the total output of 321866 MJ. The model was energy efficient with the mean energy use efficiency of 1.22 and net energy gain of 58058 MJ. This model sequestrated nearly 7324.4 kg CO2–e as sink through tree components (4978 kg CO2–e) and incorporated manures or crop residues (2346.4 kg CO2–e). | 58 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | Likewise, the mean annual net return of the IFS model was ₹3,31,853, wherein dairy component contributing the highest (33.09%) followed by crops (29.60%) along with mean annual employment of around 779 man-days. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the mean energy use efficiency of the Integrated Farming Systems model? | 1.22 | Likewise, the mean annual net return of the IFS model was ₹3,31,853, wherein dairy component contributing the highest (33.09%) followed by crops (29.60%) along with mean annual employment of around 779 man-days. This model consumed 263808 MJ of energy input annually against the total output of 321866 MJ. The model was energy efficient with the mean energy use efficiency of 1.22 and net energy gain of 58058 MJ. This model sequestrated nearly 7324.4 kg CO2–e as sink through tree components (4978 kg CO2–e) and incorporated manures or crop residues (2346.4 kg CO2–e). | 376 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/163177 | The model was energy efficient with the mean energy use efficiency of 1.22 and net energy gain of 58058 MJ. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |