6 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Advancing Sustainable Agroecological Systemsthrough Natural Farming in Himachal Pradesh, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include natural farming, himachal pradesh, farmer producer companies (fpcs), certification system, nf maize, shimla district, kharif yield, rabi yields. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 4 factual, 2 comparison. 2 of the 6 pairs (33.3%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 4 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains six question-and-answer pairs derived from a study on natural farming in Himachal Pradesh, published by epubs.icar.org.in. It highlights key aspects of the state's Natural Farming movement, including yield improvements, cost reductions, and minimum support prices (MSP) for crops. The data also mentions the establishment of Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) and academic initiatives supporting sustainable agriculture. The answers are extracted directly from the source material and include comparisons between natural and chemical farming practices.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-bbb1c24ba0996383712231e3c69ab345")
df.head()First 6 of 6 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What percentage lower kharif costs were observed in Shimla district due to natural farming? | 18% to 42% lower kharif costs | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. 10 dedicated natural farming Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have been established, along with a certification system based on natural farming principles. The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has launched Bachelor’s degree program in Natural Farming, marking a milestone in academic support for sustainable agriculture. | 503 | comparison | 0.920 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndHort/article/view/176343 | In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What percentage higher rabi yields were achieved in Shimla district through natural farming compared to chemical farming? | 147% higher rabi yields | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. 10 dedicated natural farming Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have been established, along with a certification system based on natural farming principles. The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has launched Bachelor’s degree program in Natural Farming, marking a milestone in academic support for sustainable agriculture. | 439 | comparison | 0.840 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndHort/article/view/176343 | In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. | p[0] | |||
| How many farmers are certified in natural farming under Himachal Pradesh's Natural Farming movement? | over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. 10 dedicated natural farming Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have been established, along with a certification system based on natural farming principles. The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has launched Bachelor’s degree program in Natural Farming, marking a milestone in academic support for sustainable agriculture. | 61 | factual | 0.570 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndHort/article/view/176343 | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What is the minimum support price for natural farming maize in Himachal Pradesh? | ₹40 | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. 10 dedicated natural farming Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have been established, along with a certification system based on natural farming principles. The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has launched Bachelor’s degree program in Natural Farming, marking a milestone in academic support for sustainable agriculture. | 304 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndHort/article/view/176343 | The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What is the minimum support price for natural farming turmeric in Himachal Pradesh? | ₹90 | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. 10 dedicated natural farming Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have been established, along with a certification system based on natural farming principles. The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has launched Bachelor’s degree program in Natural Farming, marking a milestone in academic support for sustainable agriculture. | 336 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndHort/article/view/176343 | The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What is the minimum support price for natural farming wheat in Himachal Pradesh? | ₹60 | Himachal Pradesh’s Natural Farming (NF) movement has engaged over 2.5 lakh certified NF farmers. 10 dedicated natural farming Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have been established, along with a certification system based on natural farming principles. The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. In Shimla district, NF achieved 7% higher kharif yield and 147% higher rabi yields compared to chemical farming, alongside 18% to 42% lower kharif costs due to reduced labour and materials. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has launched Bachelor’s degree program in Natural Farming, marking a milestone in academic support for sustainable agriculture. | 317 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndHort/article/view/176343 | The first ever state to announce MSP for NF maize (₹40), wheat (₹60) and turmeric (₹90) to ensure market security for farmers. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.700 |
| valid |