15 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Bio-efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and its effect on productivity and profitability of soybean (Glycine max) in Central India | The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include bio-efficacy, fomesafen, fluazifop-p-butyl, soybean, glycine max, central india, weeds, productivity. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 9 factual, 2 list, 2 relationship, 2 summary. 6 of the 15 pairs (40.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 9 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 15 question-and-answer pairs derived from a study on the bio-efficacy of fomesafen and fluazifop-p-butyl mixtures against weeds in soybean crops during the kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018 in Central India. The study evaluated various doses of the herbicide mixture and their impact on weed control, soybean yield, and soil residue persistence. The dataset includes factual, list, relationship, and summary question types, with answers sourced directly from the original publication.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-722ad45827113ce9a3d7077e113c5405")
df.head()First 10 of 15 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are the requirements for using material from The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences? | the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. | This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4. International License. The copyright of the articles published inThe Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciencesis vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | 483 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. | p[22] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the impact of the higher dose of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (220+220 g/ha) on soybean yield? | caused phytotoxicity to soybean crop and reduced seed yield marginally (1.98 t/ha) | Application of premix fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen (130+130 g/ha) as early-post-emergence resulted in lower density, dry weight of all individual weeds with 99.2% weed control efficiency (WCE) and higher value of yield parameters and yield (2.01 t/ha) of soybean which was statistically at par with weed-free plots (2.04 t/ha). The higher dose of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (220+220 g/ha) was found effective against weeds but caused phytotoxicity to soybean crop and reduced seed yield marginally (1.98 t/ha). The fomesafen residues up to 130 g/ha dose were found below the detectable limit in the soil with zero per cent persistence at harvest. the highest dose of fomesafen (220 g/ha) resulted in residues in soil (0.016 μg/g) with 4.44% persistence and half-life of 13 days. | 431 | relationship | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | The higher dose of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (220+220 g/ha) was found effective against weeds but caused phytotoxicity to soybean crop and reduced seed yield marginally (1.98 t/ha). | ||||
| What was the goal of the field experiment conducted during the kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018? | to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. Bio-efficacy was evaluated with 10 weed control treatments comprising of 4-doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture (90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha), alone application of imazethapyr (100 g/ha), market check – fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (110 + 110 g/ha), combined application of imazethapyr + imazamox (35 + 35 g/ha) as early post-emergence, hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, weedfree and weedy-check, were laid-out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. | 250 | summary | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. | ||||
| What was the purpose of using fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture in the field experiment? | to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. Bio-efficacy was evaluated with 10 weed control treatments comprising of 4-doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture (90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha), alone application of imazethapyr (100 g/ha), market check – fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (110 + 110 g/ha), combined application of imazethapyr + imazamox (35 + 35 g/ha) as early post-emergence, hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, weedfree and weedy-check, were laid-out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. | 250 | summary | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. | ||||
| What were the doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture tested in the experiment? | 90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. Bio-efficacy was evaluated with 10 weed control treatments comprising of 4-doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture (90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha), alone application of imazethapyr (100 g/ha), market check – fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (110 + 110 g/ha), combined application of imazethapyr + imazamox (35 + 35 g/ha) as early post-emergence, hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, weedfree and weedy-check, were laid-out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. | 504 | list | 0.820 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | Bio-efficacy was evaluated with 10 weed control treatments comprising of 4-doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture (90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha), alone application of imazethapyr (100 g/ha), market check – fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (110 + 110 g/ha), combined application of imazethapyr + imazamox (35 + 35 g/ha) as early post-emergence, hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, weedfree and weedy-check, were laid-out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. | ||||
| Which organizations are responsible for indexing The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences? | Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ. | This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4. International License. The copyright of the articles published inThe Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciencesis vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | 727 | list | 0.820 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | ||||
| What was the persistence level of fomesafen residues in the soil at a dose of 130 g/ha? | zero per cent persistence at harvest | Application of premix fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen (130+130 g/ha) as early-post-emergence resulted in lower density, dry weight of all individual weeds with 99.2% weed control efficiency (WCE) and higher value of yield parameters and yield (2.01 t/ha) of soybean which was statistically at par with weed-free plots (2.04 t/ha). The higher dose of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (220+220 g/ha) was found effective against weeds but caused phytotoxicity to soybean crop and reduced seed yield marginally (1.98 t/ha). The fomesafen residues up to 130 g/ha dose were found below the detectable limit in the soil with zero per cent persistence at harvest. the highest dose of fomesafen (220 g/ha) resulted in residues in soil (0.016 μg/g) with 4.44% persistence and half-life of 13 days. | 613 | factual | 0.570 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | The fomesafen residues up to 130 g/ha dose were found below the detectable limit in the soil with zero per cent persistence at harvest. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What crop was the focus of the field experiment conducted during the kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018? | soybean (Glycine max L.) | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. Bio-efficacy was evaluated with 10 weed control treatments comprising of 4-doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture (90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha), alone application of imazethapyr (100 g/ha), market check – fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (110 + 110 g/ha), combined application of imazethapyr + imazamox (35 + 35 g/ha) as early post-emergence, hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, weedfree and weedy-check, were laid-out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. | 57 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. | ||||
| What type of weeds were growing simultaneously in soybean crops? | Grassy and broadleaf weeds | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. a field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate efficacy of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture against weeds and consequent improvement in productivity of soybean. Bio-efficacy was evaluated with 10 weed control treatments comprising of 4-doses of fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl mixture (90+90, 110+110, 130+130 and 220+220 g/ha), alone application of imazethapyr (100 g/ha), market check – fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl (110 + 110 g/ha), combined application of imazethapyr + imazamox (35 + 35 g/ha) as early post-emergence, hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, weedfree and weedy-check, were laid-out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. | 0 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | Grassy and broadleaf weeds are simultaneously growing in soybean (Glycine max L.) crop and there is a lack of herbicides to control all types of weeds in a soybean crop. | ||||
| What is the NAAS Rating for The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences in 2026? | 6.7 | This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4. International License. The copyright of the articles published inThe Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciencesis vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR. Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. Indexedin Elsevier Scopus, Clarivate Analytics ESCI, DOAJ.Plagiarism checkby iThenticate.The work is licensed underAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4. | 681 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/127971 | Print ISSN:0019-5022Online ISSN:2394-3319NAAS Rating (2026):6.7WoS Impact Factor (June 2026):0. | p[22] | 0.700 |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[22] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| p[0] |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| valid |