13 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Assessing horticulture-based land management impacts on carbon dynamics and soil quality, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include horticulture-based land management, carbon dynamics, soil quality, acidic hill soils, citrus orchard, banana orchard, soil microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase activity. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 10 factual, 2 summary, 1 comparison. 3 of the 13 pairs (23.1%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 10 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 13 question-and-answer pairs derived from a study on horticulture-based land management and its effects on carbon dynamics and soil quality in acidic hill soils of Nagaland, India. The questions address topics such as soil microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase activity, and orchard-specific soil properties. The answers are verbatim excerpts from the source material, ensuring traceability to the original publication. The dataset includes factual, summary, and comparison question types, with a focus on specific orchard soil characteristics and their environmental implications.
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df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-5ad37182b5fcb9a1b6ec10f79688e74b")
df.head()First 10 of 13 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What activity and parameters were studied in a high-density guava orchard in 2016? | Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters | Sharma Y K. 2013. Physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status of hilly soils of Dimapur district of Nagaland. Technofame 2(1): 34–9. Sharma Y K, Sharma A and Sharma S K. 2012. Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic. Journal of Interacademicia 16(1): 101–08. Singh A K and Bordoloi L J. 2014. Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 62(1): 75–79. Singha A, Adak T and Kumar K. 2016. Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters in high density guava orchard. Journal of Agricultural Physics 16(1–2): 86–97. | 614 | summary | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | 2016. Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters in high density guava orchard. | p[18] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the focus of the 2012 study on soils in Zunheboto district of Nagaland? | Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic | Sharma Y K. 2013. Physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status of hilly soils of Dimapur district of Nagaland. Technofame 2(1): 34–9. Sharma Y K, Sharma A and Sharma S K. 2012. Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic. Journal of Interacademicia 16(1): 101–08. Singh A K and Bordoloi L J. 2014. Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 62(1): 75–79. Singha A, Adak T and Kumar K. 2016. Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters in high density guava orchard. Journal of Agricultural Physics 16(1–2): 86–97. | 183 | summary | 0.970 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | 2012. Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic. | p[18] | |||
| What altitudes were compared in the 2014 study on soil fertility status in Nagaland? | two different altitudes of Nagaland | Sharma Y K. 2013. Physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status of hilly soils of Dimapur district of Nagaland. Technofame 2(1): 34–9. Sharma Y K, Sharma A and Sharma S K. 2012. Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic. Journal of Interacademicia 16(1): 101–08. Singh A K and Bordoloi L J. 2014. Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 62(1): 75–79. Singha A, Adak T and Kumar K. 2016. Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters in high density guava orchard. Journal of Agricultural Physics 16(1–2): 86–97. | 481 | comparison | 0.920 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. | p[18] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which journal published the comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture-based land use systems in Nagaland? | Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science | Sharma Y K. 2013. Physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status of hilly soils of Dimapur district of Nagaland. Technofame 2(1): 34–9. Sharma Y K, Sharma A and Sharma S K. 2012. Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic. Journal of Interacademicia 16(1): 101–08. Singh A K and Bordoloi L J. 2014. Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 62(1): 75–79. Singha A, Adak T and Kumar K. 2016. Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters in high density guava orchard. Journal of Agricultural Physics 16(1–2): 86–97. | 518 | factual | 0.570 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 62(1): 75–79. | p[18] | |||
| What was the dehydrogenase activity value in sub-surface soils of banana orchards? | 9.83 µg TPF/g/h | Banana (Musaspp.) orchard soils had greater values of dehydrogenase activity (15.26 and 9.83 µg TPF/g/h). Soils of banana orchard also recorded highest acid phosphatase activity (176.0 and 165.5 µg PNP/g/h), which was at par with mango (Mangifera indicaL.) orchard soils (175 and 166 µg PNP/g/h). Minimum acid phosphatase activity (162.0 and 150.0 µg PNP/g/h) was recorded in citrus orchard soils. Maximum earthworm population density was recorded in banana orchard (12–20 number/m2) and minimum (4–12 number/m2) in citrus orchards. Adak T, Kumar K and Singh V K. 2016. Variations in soil physical properties, distribution and storage of micronutrients in soil as influenced by high density mango (Mangifera indica L.) plantations. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 15(1): 75–86. Adak T, Rajan S and Singh V K. 2018. | 88 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Banana (Musaspp.) orchard soils had greater values of dehydrogenase activity (15.26 and 9.83 µg TPF/g/h). | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which district's hilly soils were studied for physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status in 2013? | Dimapur district of Nagaland | Sharma Y K. 2013. Physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status of hilly soils of Dimapur district of Nagaland. Technofame 2(1): 34–9. Sharma Y K, Sharma A and Sharma S K. 2012. Distribution of DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations in soils of Zunheboto district of Nagaland in relation to soil characteristic. Journal of Interacademicia 16(1): 101–08. Singh A K and Bordoloi L J. 2014. Comparative study of soil fertility status under horticulture based land use systems in two different altitudes of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 62(1): 75–79. Singha A, Adak T and Kumar K. 2016. Spatio-temporal variations of dehydrogenase activity and some soil physical parameters in high density guava orchard. Journal of Agricultural Physics 16(1–2): 86–97. | 87 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Physiochemical characteristics and nutrient status of hilly soils of Dimapur district of Nagaland. | p[18] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Which orchard soil recorded the maximum carbon stock? | pineapple [Ananas comosus(L.) Merr.] | The present study was carried during 2020 and 2021 at School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (Nagaland University), Medziphema, Nagaland to study the effects of different horticulture-based land use systems on carbon stock, soil fertility and soil biological health in acidic hill soils of Nagaland. Average values of bulk density of the soils were 1.20 and 1.21 g/cm3in surface and sub-surface soils, respectively irrespective of type of orchards. The maximum and minimum carbon stock was recorded in pineapple [Ananas comosus(L.) Merr.] (46.77 and 43.38 mg/ha) and citrus (Citrusspp.) (33.07 and 32.42 mg/ha) orchard soils. Soil microbial biomass carbon in pineapple (270.13 and 244.23 µg/g) and citrus orchard soils (165.64 and 152.49 µg/g) was recorded in surface and sub-surface layers, respectively. | 517 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | The maximum and minimum carbon stock was recorded in pineapple [Ananas comosus(L.) Merr.] (46.77 and 43.38 mg/ha) and citrus (Citrusspp.) (33.07 and 32.42 mg/ha) orchard soils. | p[0] | 0.700 | ||
| Which orchard soils had the highest acid phosphatase activity? | banana orchard | Banana (Musaspp.) orchard soils had greater values of dehydrogenase activity (15.26 and 9.83 µg TPF/g/h). Soils of banana orchard also recorded highest acid phosphatase activity (176.0 and 165.5 µg PNP/g/h), which was at par with mango (Mangifera indicaL.) orchard soils (175 and 166 µg PNP/g/h). Minimum acid phosphatase activity (162.0 and 150.0 µg PNP/g/h) was recorded in citrus orchard soils. Maximum earthworm population density was recorded in banana orchard (12–20 number/m2) and minimum (4–12 number/m2) in citrus orchards. Adak T, Kumar K and Singh V K. 2016. Variations in soil physical properties, distribution and storage of micronutrients in soil as influenced by high density mango (Mangifera indica L.) plantations. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 15(1): 75–86. Adak T, Rajan S and Singh V K. 2018. | 115 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Soils of banana orchard also recorded highest acid phosphatase activity (176.0 and 165.5 µg PNP/g/h), which was at par with mango (Mangifera indicaL.) orchard soils (175 and 166 µg PNP/g/h). | p[0] | 0.700 | ||
| Which orchard soils recorded the minimum acid phosphatase activity? | citrus orchard soils | Banana (Musaspp.) orchard soils had greater values of dehydrogenase activity (15.26 and 9.83 µg TPF/g/h). Soils of banana orchard also recorded highest acid phosphatase activity (176.0 and 165.5 µg PNP/g/h), which was at par with mango (Mangifera indicaL.) orchard soils (175 and 166 µg PNP/g/h). Minimum acid phosphatase activity (162.0 and 150.0 µg PNP/g/h) was recorded in citrus orchard soils. Maximum earthworm population density was recorded in banana orchard (12–20 number/m2) and minimum (4–12 number/m2) in citrus orchards. Adak T, Kumar K and Singh V K. 2016. Variations in soil physical properties, distribution and storage of micronutrients in soil as influenced by high density mango (Mangifera indica L.) plantations. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 15(1): 75–86. Adak T, Rajan S and Singh V K. 2018. | 376 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Minimum acid phosphatase activity (162.0 and 150.0 µg PNP/g/h) was recorded in citrus orchard soils. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What was the earthworm population density range recorded in citrus orchard soils? | 4–12 number/m2 | Banana (Musaspp.) orchard soils had greater values of dehydrogenase activity (15.26 and 9.83 µg TPF/g/h). Soils of banana orchard also recorded highest acid phosphatase activity (176.0 and 165.5 µg PNP/g/h), which was at par with mango (Mangifera indicaL.) orchard soils (175 and 166 µg PNP/g/h). Minimum acid phosphatase activity (162.0 and 150.0 µg PNP/g/h) was recorded in citrus orchard soils. Maximum earthworm population density was recorded in banana orchard (12–20 number/m2) and minimum (4–12 number/m2) in citrus orchards. Adak T, Kumar K and Singh V K. 2016. Variations in soil physical properties, distribution and storage of micronutrients in soil as influenced by high density mango (Mangifera indica L.) plantations. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 15(1): 75–86. Adak T, Rajan S and Singh V K. 2018. | 497 | factual | 0.370 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAgS/article/view/148319 | Maximum earthworm population density was recorded in banana orchard (12–20 number/m2) and minimum (4–12 number/m2) in citrus orchards. | p[0] | 0.700 |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
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