AgricultureEnglish7.3/10 · BronzeCSV file availableUpdated 21 Oct 2026

Integrated Farming Systems: A Sustainable Solution for the Indo-Gangetic Plains

Name: Integrated Farming Systems: A Sustainable Solution for the Indo-Gangetic Plains
Creator: epubs.icar.org.in
Keywords: Agriculture

About this dataset

The Indo-Gangetic Plains face significant challenges such as soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) offer a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. Additionally, IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Despite its potential benefits, the adoption of IFS faces challenges such as low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these obstacles requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the Indo-Gangetic Plains' conditions. Source-supported facts: The Indo-Gangetic Plains face challenges such as soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, which threaten agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. Integrated Farming System (IFS) optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. Adopting Integrated Farming System (IFS) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming challenges in adopting Integrated Farming System (IFS) requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the Indo-Gangetic Plains' conditions.

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Sample rows from Integrated Farming Systems: A Sustainable Solution for the Indo-Gangetic Plains
question	answer	context	answer_start	question_type	knowledge_quality_score	source_document	source_quote	source_page	source_location	confidence	validation_status
What challenges threaten agricultural sustainability in the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability.	1	[{"evidence_id":"B000006","location":{"page":1,"block":6,"bbox":[81.35,268.32,516.69,431.56],"column":null,"reading_order":6}}]	1.0	valid
What does the Integrated Farming System (IFS) integrate to offer a holistic solution?	Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	150	factual	1.0
How does the Integrated Farming System (IFS) enhance resilience to risks?	This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	285	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879
How does the Integrated Farming System (IFS) ensure food and nutritional security?	IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	400	factual
What techniques improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water?	Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	597	factual	1.0
What challenges are faced in adopting Integrated Farming System (IFS) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	739	factual	1.0
What is required to overcome challenges in adopting Integrated Farming System (IFS) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	858	factual	1.0
How can Integrated Farming System (IFS) transform the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	986	factual	1.0
What deficiency does the population suffer from?	population suffers from protein deficiency,	population suffers from protein deficiency, livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs. Similarly, fish farming in ponds integrated with crop fields enhances protein availability and generates additional income for farmers. Livestock and fish farming also contribute to nutrient recycling. For example, animal waste can be used as organic manure for crops, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers while improving soil health.	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879	population suffers from protein deficiency,	2	[{"evidence_id":"B000020","location":{"page":2,"block":1,"bbox":[45.35,223.31,294.16,344.73],"column":0,"reading_order":1}}]	1.0	valid
What can livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry provide?	livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs.	population suffers from protein deficiency, livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs. Similarly, fish farming in ponds integrated with crop fields enhances protein availability and generates additional income for farmers. Livestock and fish farming also contribute to nutrient recycling. For example, animal waste can be used as organic manure for crops, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers while improving soil health.	44	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879	livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs.	2	[{"evidence_id":"B000020","location":{"page":2,"block":1,"bbox":[45.35,223.31,294.16,344.73],"column":0,"reading_order":1}}]	1.0	valid

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df = desidata.load("integrated-farming-systems-a-sustainable-solution-for-the-indo-gangeti")
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First 10 of 1.5K+ rows

Sample rows from Integrated Farming Systems: A Sustainable Solution for the Indo-Gangetic Plains
question	answer	context	answer_start	question_type	knowledge_quality_score	source_document	source_quote	source_page	source_location	confidence	validation_status
What challenges threaten agricultural sustainability in the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability.	1	[{"evidence_id":"B000006","location":{"page":1,"block":6,"bbox":[81.35,268.32,516.69,431.56],"column":null,"reading_order":6}}]	1.0	valid
What does the Integrated Farming System (IFS) integrate to offer a holistic solution?	Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	150	factual	1.0
How does the Integrated Farming System (IFS) enhance resilience to risks?	This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	285	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879
How does the Integrated Farming System (IFS) ensure food and nutritional security?	IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	400	factual
What techniques improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water?	Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	597	factual	1.0
What challenges are faced in adopting Integrated Farming System (IFS) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	739	factual	1.0
What is required to overcome challenges in adopting Integrated Farming System (IFS) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	858	factual	1.0
How can Integrated Farming System (IFS) transform the Indo-Gangetic Plains?	With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) face challenges like soil degradation, resource scarcity, and climate change, threatening agricultural sustainability. Integrated Farming System (IFS) offers a holistic solution by integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, agroforestry, and horticulture. This approach optimizes resource use, diversifies incomes, and enhances resilience to climatic and economic risks. IFS ensures food and nutritional security by promoting crop diversification, including cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, and addressing protein deficiencies through livestock and fisheries. Techniques like rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and vermicomposting improve resource efficiency, enhance soil health, and conserve water. Adopting IFS in the IGP faces challenges like low farmer awareness, high initial costs, and inadequate policy support. Overcoming these requires capacity building, financial incentives, and region-specific models tailored to the IGP’s conditions. With proper support, IFS can transform the IGP into a sustainable agricultural system, securing long-term food and nutritional security.	986	factual	1.0
What deficiency does the population suffer from?	population suffers from protein deficiency,	population suffers from protein deficiency, livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs. Similarly, fish farming in ponds integrated with crop fields enhances protein availability and generates additional income for farmers. Livestock and fish farming also contribute to nutrient recycling. For example, animal waste can be used as organic manure for crops, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers while improving soil health.	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879	population suffers from protein deficiency,	2	[{"evidence_id":"B000020","location":{"page":2,"block":1,"bbox":[45.35,223.31,294.16,344.73],"column":0,"reading_order":1}}]	1.0	valid
What can livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry provide?	livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs.	population suffers from protein deficiency, livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs. Similarly, fish farming in ponds integrated with crop fields enhances protein availability and generates additional income for farmers. Livestock and fish farming also contribute to nutrient recycling. For example, animal waste can be used as organic manure for crops, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers while improving soil health.	44	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/165722/59656/457879	livestock such as cattle, goats, and poultry can provide high- quality protein through milk, meat, and eggs.	2	[{"evidence_id":"B000020","location":{"page":2,"block":1,"bbox":[45.35,223.31,294.16,344.73],"column":0,"reading_order":1}}]	1.0	valid

Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.

Integrated Farming Systems: A Sustainable Solution for the Indo-Gangetic Plains

About this dataset

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