AgricultureEnglish7.3/10 · BronzeCSV file availableUpdated 21 Oct 2026

Innovative Farming: Raised and Sunken Bed Technology in the North Eastern Himalayas

Name: Innovative Farming: Raised and Sunken Bed Technology in the North Eastern Himalayas
Creator: epubs.icar.org.in
Keywords: Agriculture

About this dataset

The north eastern region of India, known for its diverse crops and high rainfall, faces unique agricultural challenges such as waterlogging during summer and water stress in winter. To address these issues, researchers have developed the Raised and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology, an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This system involves excavating surface soil to form sunken beds while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. Field experiments conducted at the ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region in Meghalaya have demonstrated the effectiveness of RSB technology in enhancing productivity, soil health, and economic viability. By adopting RSB technology, farmers can increase cropping intensity by up to 300% and achieve long-term farm profitability. The success of this system depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices, making it a promising approach for sustainable agricultural growth in the region. Source-supported facts: The north eastern region of India faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. Adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long-term benefits. RSB technology involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. The success of RSB technology depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices.

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Sample rows from Innovative Farming: Raised and Sunken Bed Technology in the North Eastern Himalayas
question	answer	context	answer_start	question_type	knowledge_quality_score	source_document	source_quote	source_page	source_location	confidence	validation_status
What are the benefits of adopting raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands?	In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.	254	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065	In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits.	1	[{"evidence_id":"B000006","location":{"page":1,"block":6,"bbox":[81.35,286.48,516.69,476.71],"column":null,"reading_order":6}}]	1.0	valid
What vegetables can be grown on raised beds?	Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli,	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What crops can be cultivated on sunken beds?	while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What benefits were demonstrated by field experiments at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya?	Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What does the success of RSB technology depend on?	However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What are the potential benefits of adopting RSB technology in valley lands?	In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What is RSB technology designed to optimize?	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065
What is RSB technology designed to optimize in agricultural lands?	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065
How does RSB technology manage land and water?	This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	172	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065
What does RSB technology involve in terms of soil management?	It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	354	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065

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df = desidata.load("innovative-farming-raised-and-sunken-bed-technology-in-the-north-easte")
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First 10 of 1.2K+ rows

Sample rows from Innovative Farming: Raised and Sunken Bed Technology in the North Eastern Himalayas
question	answer	context	answer_start	question_type	knowledge_quality_score	source_document	source_quote	source_page	source_location	confidence	validation_status
What are the benefits of adopting raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands?	In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.	254	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065	In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits.	1	[{"evidence_id":"B000006","location":{"page":1,"block":6,"bbox":[81.35,286.48,516.69,476.71],"column":null,"reading_order":6}}]	1.0	valid
What vegetables can be grown on raised beds?	Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli,	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What crops can be cultivated on sunken beds?	while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What benefits were demonstrated by field experiments at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya?	Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What does the success of RSB technology depend on?	However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What are the potential benefits of adopting RSB technology in valley lands?	In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.	The north eastern region of India is blessed with diverse crops, high rainfall, and a suitable agro- climate. However, the region faces unique challenges such as waterlogging and poor drainage during summer, as well as water stress in the winter season. In this context, adoption of raised and sunken bed (RSB) technology in valley lands ensures the proper utilization of available land resources, increases cropping intensity by up to 300%, and enhances farm profitability for long- term benefits. Raised beds can be used for growing vegetables such as okra, tomato, potato, French beans, carrot, brinjal, and broccoli, while sunken beds can be utilized for cultivating rice, followed by vegetable peas, lentils, and other crops using proper resource conservation technologies. Field experiments conducted at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya, have demonstrated the system’s effectiveness in enhancing productivity, soil health, the sustainable yield index, and economic viability. However, its success depends on strategic crop selection and effective nutrient management practices. In summary, the adoption of RSB technology in valley lands could be a practical approach towards achieving food security, improving soil fertility, and enhancing economic resilience in the north eastern Himalayan region.
What is RSB technology designed to optimize?	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065
What is RSB technology designed to optimize in agricultural lands?	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	0	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065
How does RSB technology manage land and water?	This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	172	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065
What does RSB technology involve in terms of soil management?	It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds.	AISED and Sunken Bed (RSB) technology is an innovative land configuration system designed to optimize crop production in waterlogged and poorly drained agricultural lands. This configuration effectively manages land and water by promoting inter-plot water harvesting, improving soil drainage, enhancing aeration, and facilitating year-round cultivation. It involves excavating surface soil from designated areas to form sunken beds, while depositing the removed soil onto adjacent sections to create raised beds. RSB technology is commonly known as ‘high bed-low ditch (HBLD) system’ or ‘dike-ditch interactive system’ in southern China, while in southeast Asia, it is referred to as ‘dike- ditch system’, or ‘raised-bed-dike system (rong chin in Thai)’. In Java and Indonesian tidal wetland, this method is extensively practiced as ‘Sorjan or Surjan system’, where high value upland crops are grown on raised beds and rice in sunken beds. In India, this system has been successfully adopted in the Indo-Gangetic plains	354	factual	1.0	https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/download/173998/63839/503065

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Innovative Farming: Raised and Sunken Bed Technology in the North Eastern Himalayas

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