3 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from An overview of emerging trends in sodicity reclamation and enhanced food production, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include sodicity reclamation, enhanced food production, soil salinity, sodic soils, gypsum application, industrial by-products, organic sources, organic formulations. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 1 definition, 1 factual, 1 list. 2 of the 3 pairs (66.7%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 1 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains three question-and-answer pairs extracted from a publication on sodicity reclamation and enhanced food production. It focuses on the characteristics of sodic soils, their impact on agriculture, and the technologies used for their reclamation. The dataset highlights gypsum application as the most widely adopted method for improving sodic soils, which are defined by high pH, poor hydraulic conductivity, and low nutrient availability.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-4b156fb3c1063ad4c01ac2e695039dbb")
df.head()First 3 of 3 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are Sodic soils? | characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability | Around 50 % of the world's arable lands are moderately or highly affected by different levels of degradation. Sodic soils are characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability. Gypsum application is the most widely adopted technology for sodic soil reclamation. | 126 | definition | 0.980 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/172874 | Sodic soils are characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability. | p[0] | 0.850 | valid | |
| What are the characteristics of sodic soils? | high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability | Soil salinity and sodicity have emerged as serious environmental concerns worldwide. The poor soil structure, variability in soil chemical properties and low nutritional status restrict the crop growth with lower productivity in these soils. Around 50 % of the world's arable lands are moderately or highly affected by different levels of degradation. Sodic soils are characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability. Gypsum application is the most widely adopted technology for sodic soil reclamation. considering the issues related to the availability and purity of mined gypsum, other alternatives are also explored. | 385 | list | 0.780 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/172874 | Sodic soils are characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability. | p[0] | 0.700 | ||
| What is the most widely adopted technology for sodic soil reclamation? | Gypsum application | Soil salinity and sodicity have emerged as serious environmental concerns worldwide. The poor soil structure, variability in soil chemical properties and low nutritional status restrict the crop growth with lower productivity in these soils. Around 50 % of the world's arable lands are moderately or highly affected by different levels of degradation. Sodic soils are characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability. Gypsum application is the most widely adopted technology for sodic soil reclamation. considering the issues related to the availability and purity of mined gypsum, other alternatives are also explored. | 528 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/172874 | Sodic soils are characterized by high pH andexchangeable sodium percentage, poor hydraulic conductivity with large clay dispersion and significantly low nutrient availability. Gypsum application is the most widely adopted technology for sodic soil reclamation. | p[0] | 0.700 |
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| valid |
| valid |