32 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops, published by agritech.tnau.ac.in. The source is a 3-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include tnau pulse wonder, salicylic acid, sugarcane booster, trash mulching, coir waste, tnau groundnut rich, polythene film mulching, tnau cotton plus. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 15 factual, 10 summary, 7 list. 17 of the 32 pairs (53.1%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 15 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 32 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from a publication on managing high-temperature stress in crops, sourced from agritech.tnau.ac.in. The dataset includes detailed recommendations for foliar sprays, mulching methods, and nutrient applications across various crops such as groundnut, maize, tomato, and mango. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability. The questions are categorized into factual, summary, and list types, with over half focusing on explanatory content.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("agritech-tnau-ac-in-c62441ac15e9c567751810885ed89f7d")
df.head()First 10 of 32 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is applied to groundnut crops at peak flowering and pod filling stages to increase flower retention and pod filling? | Foliar spray of TNAU Groundnut Rich @ 2.0 kg/ac (for each spray) in 200 litres of water | 5. Trash mulching - removal of dry trash at 5th month and leave it as mulch, in the field to conserve soil moisture 6. Basal incorporation of coir waste @ 25 tonnes/ha at the time of last ploughing to conserve soil moisture Groundnut 1. Foliar spray of TNAU Groundnut Rich @ 2.0 kg/ac (for each spray) in 200 litres of water at peak flowering and pod filling stage to increase flower retention and pod filling 2. Polythene film mulching to conserve moisture Cotton 1. Foliar spray of TNAU Cotton Plus @ 2.5 kg/ac with 200 litres of water at flowering and boll formation stages to prevent early shedding of buds and squares 2. | 237 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Basal incorporation of coir waste @ 25 tonnes/ha at the time of last ploughing to conserve soil moisture Groundnut 1. Foliar spray of TNAU Groundnut Rich @ 2.0 kg/ac (for each spray) in 200 litres of water at peak flowering and pod filling stage to increase flower retention and pod filling 2. | 1 | page=1,block=13 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is applied to maize at tassel initiation and grain filling stages to improve grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance? | Foliar spray of TNAU Maize Maxim @ 3 kg/acre in 200 litres of water | Foliar spray of TNAU Maize Maxim @ 3 kg/acre in 200 litres of water at tassel initiation and at grain filling stages to improve grain filling, grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance Cowpea 1. Foliar spray of CCC @ 50 ppm or GA3 @ 50 ppm at flowering to increase yield Tomato 1. Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ppm (625 ml in 500 litres of water) at 15 days after transplanting and at full bloom stage to control flower drop and improve fruit set 2. Foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 thrice at 10 days interval from 40 days after planting to control flower drop and improve fruit set Bhendi 1. Foliar spray of 1 % Urea + 1 % MOP at 30 and 45 days after planting to improve yield 2. For hybrids, foliar spray of 0.5% NPK (19:19:19) at 10 days interval from 30 days after planting to improve yield Brinjal 1. | 0 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of TNAU Maize Maxim @ 3 kg/acre in 200 litres of water at tassel initiation and at grain filling stages to improve grain filling, grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance Cowpea 1. | ||||
| What is applied to tomato plants at 15 days after transplanting and at full bloom stage to control flower drop and improve fruit set? | Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ppm (625 ml in 500 litres of water) | Foliar spray of TNAU Maize Maxim @ 3 kg/acre in 200 litres of water at tassel initiation and at grain filling stages to improve grain filling, grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance Cowpea 1. Foliar spray of CCC @ 50 ppm or GA3 @ 50 ppm at flowering to increase yield Tomato 1. Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ppm (625 ml in 500 litres of water) at 15 days after transplanting and at full bloom stage to control flower drop and improve fruit set 2. Foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 thrice at 10 days interval from 40 days after planting to control flower drop and improve fruit set Bhendi 1. Foliar spray of 1 % Urea + 1 % MOP at 30 and 45 days after planting to improve yield 2. For hybrids, foliar spray of 0.5% NPK (19:19:19) at 10 days interval from 30 days after planting to improve yield Brinjal 1. | 280 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of CCC @ 50 ppm or GA3 @ 50 ppm at flowering to increase yield Tomato 1. Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ppm (625 ml in 500 litres of water) at 15 days after transplanting and at full bloom stage to control flower drop and improve fruit set 2. | ||||
| What is sprayed on crops at 15 days after transplanting and at full bloom to increase flower and fruit set? | Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 2 ppm plus Sodium Borate or Borax (35 mg/l of water) | Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 2 ppm plus Sodium Borate or Borax (35 mg/l of water) at 15 days after transplanting and at the time of full bloom to increase flower and fruit set 2. Mulch with black LDPE sheets of 25 micron thickness and bury both the ends into the soil to a depth of 10 cm to conserve soil moisture Chillies | 0 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 2 ppm plus Sodium Borate or Borax (35 mg/l of water) at 15 days after transplanting and at the time of full bloom to increase flower and fruit set 2. | 2 | page=2,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the purpose of applying black polythene mulch or organic mulch around custard apple trees? | to conserve moisture and reduced formation of stone fruits | 2. Foliar spray of NAA @ 20 ppm four times at weekly interval during flowering to enhance the fruit set 3. Dipping of freshly opened flower in GA3 @ 50 ppm to enhance fruit set, retention, size, weight with less seeded 4. Use of black polythene mulch or organic mulch around the tree to conserve moisture and reduced formation of stone fruits 5. Application of super phosphate and bone meal improve crop yield and reduce formation of stone fruits Tuberose | 284 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Use of black polythene mulch or organic mulch around the tree to conserve moisture and reduced formation of stone fruits 5. | 3 | page=3,block=5 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the purpose of applying super phosphate and bone meal to custard apple trees? | improve crop yield and reduce formation of stone fruits | 2. Foliar spray of NAA @ 20 ppm four times at weekly interval during flowering to enhance the fruit set 3. Dipping of freshly opened flower in GA3 @ 50 ppm to enhance fruit set, retention, size, weight with less seeded 4. Use of black polythene mulch or organic mulch around the tree to conserve moisture and reduced formation of stone fruits 5. Application of super phosphate and bone meal improve crop yield and reduce formation of stone fruits Tuberose | 391 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Application of super phosphate and bone meal improve crop yield and reduce formation of stone fruits Tuberose | 3 | page=3,block=5 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the purpose of spraying NAA at 20 ppm during the flowering stage in mango? | to increase the fruit retention | 2. Use of wind-breaks for protecting the orchard from warm air during February to May 3. Foliar spray of 0.5% NPK(19:19:19) + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.25% ZnSO4 + 0.3% Borax twice at 15 days interval to rejuvenate the crop 4. Foliar spray of 2% KNO3 at mustard size will increase the fruit set and retention of fruits 5. Foliar spray of 0.5% Urea or 1% Potassium Nitrate to induce flowering during February (if trees do not flower by that time) 6. Foliar spray of NAA @ 20 ppm at flowering stage to increase the fruit retention | 486 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of NAA @ 20 ppm at flowering stage to increase the fruit retention | 2 | page=2,block=14 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the purpose of spraying Triacontanol on certain days after planting? | to enhance flower and fruit set | 2. Foliar spray of NAA @ 10 ppm on 60 and 90 days after planting to increase fruit set 3. Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ml/l on 20, 40, 60 and 80th day of planting to enhance flower and fruit set Tapioca 1. Foliar spray of water (500 lit/ha) at weekly twice during evening hours to rejuvenate the crop 2. Foliar application of 0.5% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.25% ZnSO4 twice at 15 days interval to rejuvenate the crop Mango | 170 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ml/l on 20, 40, 60 and 80th day of planting to enhance flower and fruit set Tapioca 1. | 2 | page=2,block=9 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the recommended treatment to reduce flower shedding and increase yield in pulses during the flower initiation stage? | Foliar spray of TNAU Pulse Wonder @ 2 kg/acre in 200 litres of water | 2. PPFM-Pink Pigmented Facultative Microbes (seed treatment @ 200 g/ 5 kg seed, soil application basal @ 2.0 kg/ha and foliar spray @ 500 ml/ha at PI & flag leaf stage) 3. Foliar spray of 2% MAP + 1% KCl at 15 days before and at flowering improves grainfilling rate and yield 4. Foliar spray of 1% KCl + CCC @ 500 ppm at vegetative stage (during kuruvai season) Pulses 1. Foliar spray of 2% KCl + Boron @ 100 ppm during dry spell as mid-season management practice during rabi season 2. Foliar spray of TNAU Pulse Wonder @ 2 kg/acre in 200 litres of water at flower initiation stage decreases flower shedding, increases yield and moisture stress tolerance 3. Foliar spray of Salicylic acid @ 100 ppm or NAA @ 40 ppm at pre-flowering and 15 days thereafter to reduce flower shedding Sugarcane 1. Foliar spray of 2.5% MOP + 2.5% Urea during moisture stress period at 15 days interval | 486 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of 2% KCl + Boron @ 100 ppm during dry spell as mid-season management practice during rabi season 2. Foliar spray of TNAU Pulse Wonder @ 2 kg/acre in 200 litres of water at flower initiation stage decreases flower shedding, increases yield and moisture stress tolerance 3. | ||||
| What is the purpose of applying NAA at 10 ppm on 60 and 90 days after planting? | to increase fruit set | 2. Foliar spray of NAA @ 10 ppm on 60 and 90 days after planting to increase fruit set 3. Foliar spray of Triacontanol @ 1.25 ml/l on 20, 40, 60 and 80th day of planting to enhance flower and fruit set Tapioca 1. Foliar spray of water (500 lit/ha) at weekly twice during evening hours to rejuvenate the crop 2. Foliar application of 0.5% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.25% ZnSO4 twice at 15 days interval to rejuvenate the crop Mango | 65 | summary | 0.890 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/ManagementTechniquesforHighTemperatureStressinCrops.pdf | Foliar spray of NAA @ 10 ppm on 60 and 90 days after planting to increase fruit set 3. | 2 | page=2,block=9 | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 2 |
| page=2,block=0 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 2 |
| page=2,block=0 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 1 |
| page=1,block=3 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |