42 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from 21-Horticulture-Package of practices for cultivati_250324_091958, published by agritech.tnau.ac.in. The source is a 4-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include aloe vera, medicinal plants, black cotton soils, irrigation, harvesting, marketing, processing, cosmetic industry. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 30 factual, 7 list, 3 definition, 2 relationship. 12 of the 42 pairs (28.6%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 30 are factual or table-based questions. 97.62% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 42 question-and-answer pairs derived from a horticulture guide on Aloe vera cultivation, published by agritech.tnau.ac.in. The questions cover topics such as soil preparation, planting materials, irrigation, harvesting, and economic aspects of Aloe vera farming. Answers are verbatim excerpts from the source document, ensuring traceability to the original publication. The dataset highlights practical recommendations for commercial Aloe vera cultivation, including soil requirements, planting techniques, and yield expectations.
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df = desidata.load("agritech-tnau-ac-in-6b590e02e4b392e3cb8cd7055f85aa23")
df.head()First 10 of 42 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the term 'Aloe' used in medicine defined as? | the dried juice, which flows from the transversely cut bases of the leaves. | The term ‘Aloe’ used in medicine stands for the dried juice, which flows from the transversely cut bases of the leaves. For processing of “Aloe”, the juice should be allowed to drain from the cut leaves into vessels and then concentrated by evaporation, either spontaneously or by frequent boiling. The fresh juice is colourless or yellow but changes to dark brown due to evaporation and boiling. Sun dried or concentrated “Aloe” juice over a fire gives an amorphous, opaque, waxy extract called ‘hepatic’ or ‘livery’ aloe. When the juice is concentrated rapidly over a strong fire, the product obtained on cooling is amorphous and semi transparent and is called ‘glossy’ or ‘vitreous’ aloe. Besides the dried juice, the gel is also a very important product. | 44 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | The term ‘Aloe’ used in medicine stands for the dried juice, which flows from the transversely cut bases of the leaves. For processing of “Aloe”, the juice should be allowed to drain from the cut leaves into vessels and then concentrated by evaporation, either spontaneously or by frequent boiling. | 4 | page=4,ocr=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the purpose of two weeding cum light hoeing in subsequent years? | to minimize the weed population | The field should be kept free from weeds throughout the growing period. Two to three hand weedings followed by light hoeing per year promote growth and suckering. The first weeding cum hoeing should be completed within a month after planting. In the subsequent years, two weeding cum light hoeing in each year are sufficient to minimize the weed population. Remove regularly diseased plants and dried flower stakes. | 325 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | In the subsequent years, two weeding cum light hoeing in each year are sufficient to minimize the weed population. | 3 | page=3,ocr=9 | 0.700 | valid |
| What type of manure does the Aloevera crop respond well to? | FYM or Compost | In general, the crop responds well to the application of manure (FYM or Compost). About 10 to15 tonnes FYM per ha may be applied at the time of soil preparation and also in the subsequent years. If sufficient quantity of wood ash is available, it can be applied in the pits at the time of planting as it helps in establishment of plants and their subsequent growth. | 65 | definition | 0.940 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | In general, the crop responds well to the application of manure (FYM or Compost). | 2 | page=2,ocr=14 | 0.700 | valid |
| What type of planting material is recommended for commercial cultivation of Aloevera? | suckers | Suckers should be planted in July-August to get better field survival and subsequent growth. under irrigated conditions, planting can be done round the year except in winter months (November—February). Planting Material The planting material recommended for commercial cultivation are suckers. Nearly three to four months old suckers having 4-5 leaves and about 20-25 cm in length be used as planting material. | 285 | definition | 0.940 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | Planting Material The planting material recommended for commercial cultivation are suckers. | 2 | page=2,ocr=6 | 0.700 | valid |
| Why is The fresh juice colourless or yellow but changes to dark brown? | evaporation and boiling | For processing of “Aloe”, the juice should be allowed to drain from the cut leaves into vessels and then concentrated by evaporation, either spontaneously or by frequent boiling. The fresh juice is colourless or yellow but changes to dark brown due to evaporation and boiling. Sun dried or concentrated “Aloe” juice over a fire gives an amorphous, opaque, waxy extract called ‘hepatic’ or ‘livery’ aloe. | 252 | relationship | 0.890 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | The fresh juice is colourless or yellow but changes to dark brown due to evaporation and boiling. | 4 | page=4,ocr=2 | 0.800 | valid |
| In which regions of India can Aloe vera be cultivated due to its low water requirement? | arid and semi-arid region, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra | It can be grown in almost all parts of India, even under constant drought conditions, except in temperate climate. As its water requirement is very low, it can be cultivated in arid and semi-arid region, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra. | 177 | list | 0.820 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | As its water requirement is very low, it can be cultivated in arid and semi-arid region, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra. | 1 | page=1,ocr=13 | 0.700 | valid |
| What are some of the names by which Aloe vera is known? | Ghrit Kumari, Mein V; ' } \ ] \ /K Kunvar pathu and Indian Aloe | \ \h ih \"7 \ 4 , VAT | /; for cultivation of Aloe vera. M fi / i \i \ | \\ } Aloe vera is known by several names like Ghrit Kumari, Mein V; ' } \ ] \ /K Kunvar pathu and Indian Aloe and is widely cultivated Fie , ‘if Vay \ { \d because of its wide adaptability and use as a medicinal | Var plant especially in dry areas. The succulent mature a ta | \ } \ leaves having bitter juice are economic parts. Its primary ' ; = use is in cosmetic industry for preparation of shampoo, face creams, “ands shaving creams and moisturizing agents. It has also diverse use as vegetable and pickle. The leaves possess many medicinal properties and are used to treat fever, enlarged liver, and spleen and other glands, skin diseases, gonorrhea, constipation, menstrual suppressions, piles, jaundice, rheumatic diseases and also for the treatment of burns and bruises. | 119 | list | 0.820 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | M fi / i \i \ | \\ } Aloe vera is known by several names like Ghrit Kumari, Mein V; ' } \ ] \ /K Kunvar pathu and Indian Aloe and is widely cultivated Fie , ‘if Vay \ { \d because of its wide adaptability and use as a medicinal | Var plant especially in dry areas. | ||||
| What is the primary use of Aloe vera in the cosmetic industry? | preparation of shampoo, face creams, “ands shaving creams and moisturizing agents | \ \h ih \"7 \ 4 , VAT | /; for cultivation of Aloe vera. M fi / i \i \ | \\ } Aloe vera is known by several names like Ghrit Kumari, Mein V; ' } \ ] \ /K Kunvar pathu and Indian Aloe and is widely cultivated Fie , ‘if Vay \ { \d because of its wide adaptability and use as a medicinal | Var plant especially in dry areas. The succulent mature a ta | \ } \ leaves having bitter juice are economic parts. Its primary ' ; = use is in cosmetic industry for preparation of shampoo, face creams, “ands shaving creams and moisturizing agents. It has also diverse use as vegetable and pickle. The leaves possess many medicinal properties and are used to treat fever, enlarged liver, and spleen and other glands, skin diseases, gonorrhea, constipation, menstrual suppressions, piles, jaundice, rheumatic diseases and also for the treatment of burns and bruises. | 453 | list | 0.820 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | Its primary ' ; = use is in cosmetic industry for preparation of shampoo, face creams, “ands shaving creams and moisturizing agents. | ||||
| What preparation is recommended for the soil before planting Aloevera? | 1-2 ploughing followed by leveling | The root system of Aloevera does not penetrate below 20-30 cm, therefore the soil should not be disturbed too deep. Depending upon soil type and agro-climatic conditions, 1-2 ploughing followed by leveling are recommended. The field should be divided into suitable plot sizes (10-15 m x 3 m) considering the slope and available source of irrigation. | 171 | list | 0.820 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | Depending upon soil type and agro-climatic conditions, 1-2 ploughing followed by leveling are recommended. | 2 | page=2,ocr=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What should be removed regularly to maintain the field? | diseased plants and dried flower stakes | The field should be kept free from weeds throughout the growing period. Two to three hand weedings followed by light hoeing per year promote growth and suckering. The first weeding cum hoeing should be completed within a month after planting. In the subsequent years, two weeding cum light hoeing in each year are sufficient to minimize the weed population. Remove regularly diseased plants and dried flower stakes. | 375 | list | 0.820 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/21-Horticulture-Package%20of%20practices%20for%20cultivati_250324_091958.pdf | Remove regularly diseased plants and dried flower stakes. | 3 | page=3,ocr=9 | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
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