12 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Acute Kidney Injury, published by icmr.gov.in. The source is a 1-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include acute kidney injury, applied after excluding, primary care, secondary care, acute kidney, kidney disease, kidney injury, preliminary actions. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 7 definition, 4 list, 1 summary. 12 of the 12 pairs (100.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 0 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 12 extractive question-and-answer pairs focused on acute kidney injury (AKI), sourced from a single-page publication by icmr.gov.in. The questions cover definitions, lists, and summaries related to AKI, its risks, diagnostic methods, and treatment protocols. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability. Topics include urgent referral criteria, dialysis indications, and secondary care diagnostics.
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# One-time install: pip install desidata
# Set DD_TOKEN in your environment first (create a free token in Profile & settings).
import desidata
df = desidata.load("www-icmr-gov-in-0aa431199493ad4b8ce5d536aef367c5")
df.head()First 10 of 13 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What should be done if acute kidney injury does not resolve for more than two weeks? | CECT to exclude cortical necrosis; kidney biopsy as indicated | RED FLAGS FOR URGENT REFERRAL • Indications for dialysis • Unexplained AKI • Involvement of other organs • Sepsis • Systemic disease • Complicated pregnancy • Post Transplant FOLLOW-UP OF AKI • UO > 1L, stable or falling creatinine, no symptoms: stop dialysis • Not resolving for >2 weeks: CECT to exclude cortical necrosis; kidney biopsy as indicated • Look for systemic diseases (e.g. vasculitis, myeloma, TMA) • Serum creatinine and urine protein q 6-12 months for life INDICATIONS FOR DIALYSIS • Acidosis- refractory • Electrolyte disturbance- hyperkalemia • Intoxications • Overload - refractory • Uremic encephalopathy pericarditis SECONDARY CARE • As in primary care • Admit to healthcare facility, identify and correct urinary tract obstruction (USG, CT) • Detailed investigation for infections • Manage pregnancy complications - deliver if indicated • Look for underlying CKD • Dialysis (PD or HD) • Evaluate volume status • Viral screening for dialysis initiation • Blood grouping and typing • Baseline Chest X-ray and ECG • Look for any life threatening complications • Admission for stabilization and further evaluation TERTIARY CARE • All interventions as in secondary care • Admission for stabilisation and further evaluation • Kidney biopsy if indicated • Multidisciplinary consultation as indicated • Dialysis (PD or HD or CRRT) • Plasma Exchange where indicated | 290 | summary | 0.970 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | RED FLAGS FOR URGENT REFERRAL • Indications for dialysis • Unexplained AKI • Involvement of other organs • Sepsis • Systemic disease • Complicated pregnancy • Post Transplant FOLLOW-UP OF AKI • UO > 1L, stable or falling creatinine, no symptoms: stop dialysis • Not resolving for >2 weeks: CECT to exclude cortical necrosis; kidney biopsy as indicated • Look for systemic diseases (e.g. | 1 | page=1,block=17 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation AKI stand for in the context of kidney health? | Acute Kidney Injury | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 5 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation CKD stand for in medical terminology? | Chronic Kidney Disease | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 62 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation HD refer to in kidney treatment? | Hemodialysis | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 89 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation PD stand for in the context of kidney treatment? | Peritoneal dialysis | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 106 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation TMA represent in medical terminology? | Thrombotic microangiopathy | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 131 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation UO stand for in kidney health monitoring? | Urine output | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 162 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation USG refer to in diagnostic imaging? | Ultrasonography | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. Kellum JA, Lameire N, Levin A, Stevens PE, and the KDIGO Consensus Conference participants. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. 2021;100(3):516–526 2. *KIDNEY DISEASE: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int, Suppl. 2012; 2: 1–138 | 180 | definition | 0.940 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf | AKI: Acute Kidney Injury CECT: Contrast-enhanced CT scan CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease HD: Hemodialysis PD: Peritoneal dialysis TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathy UO: Urine output USG: Ultrasonography 1. | 1 | page=1,block=25 | 0.700 | valid |
| What are some indications for urgent referral in the context of kidney health? | Indications for dialysis • Unexplained AKI • Involvement of other organs • Sepsis • Systemic disease • Complicated pregnancy • Post Transplant | RED FLAGS FOR URGENT REFERRAL • Indications for dialysis • Unexplained AKI • Involvement of other organs • Sepsis • Systemic disease • Complicated pregnancy • Post Transplant FOLLOW-UP OF AKI • UO > 1L, stable or falling creatinine, no symptoms: stop dialysis • Not resolving for >2 weeks: CECT to exclude cortical necrosis; kidney biopsy as indicated • Look for systemic diseases (e.g. vasculitis, myeloma, TMA) • Serum creatinine and urine protein q 6-12 months for life INDICATIONS FOR DIALYSIS • Acidosis- refractory • Electrolyte disturbance- hyperkalemia • Intoxications • Overload - refractory • Uremic encephalopathy pericarditis SECONDARY CARE • As in primary care • Admit to healthcare facility, identify and correct urinary tract obstruction (USG, CT) • Detailed investigation for infections • Manage pregnancy complications - deliver if indicated • Look for underlying CKD • Dialysis (PD or HD) • Evaluate volume status • Viral screening for dialysis initiation • Blood grouping and typing • Baseline Chest X-ray and ECG • Look for any life threatening complications • Admission for stabilization and further evaluation TERTIARY CARE • All interventions as in secondary care • Admission for stabilisation and further evaluation • Kidney biopsy if indicated • Multidisciplinary consultation as indicated • Dialysis (PD or HD or CRRT) • Plasma Exchange where indicated | |||||||||
| What are the indications for dialysis in patients with kidney issues? | Acidosis- refractory • Electrolyte disturbance- hyperkalemia • Intoxications • Overload - refractory • Uremic encephalopathy pericarditis | RED FLAGS FOR URGENT REFERRAL • Indications for dialysis • Unexplained AKI • Involvement of other organs • Sepsis • Systemic disease • Complicated pregnancy • Post Transplant FOLLOW-UP OF AKI • UO > 1L, stable or falling creatinine, no symptoms: stop dialysis • Not resolving for >2 weeks: CECT to exclude cortical necrosis; kidney biopsy as indicated • Look for systemic diseases (e.g. vasculitis, myeloma, TMA) • Serum creatinine and urine protein q 6-12 months for life INDICATIONS FOR DIALYSIS • Acidosis- refractory • Electrolyte disturbance- hyperkalemia • Intoxications • Overload - refractory • Uremic encephalopathy pericarditis SECONDARY CARE • As in primary care • Admit to healthcare facility, identify and correct urinary tract obstruction (USG, CT) • Detailed investigation for infections • Manage pregnancy complications - deliver if indicated • Look for underlying CKD • Dialysis (PD or HD) • Evaluate volume status • Viral screening for dialysis initiation • Blood grouping and typing • Baseline Chest X-ray and ECG • Look for any life threatening complications • Admission for stabilization and further evaluation TERTIARY CARE • All interventions as in secondary care • Admission for stabilisation and further evaluation • Kidney biopsy if indicated • Multidisciplinary consultation as indicated • Dialysis (PD or HD or CRRT) • Plasma Exchange where indicated |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 32 |
| list |
| 0.820 |
| https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf |
| RED FLAGS FOR URGENT REFERRAL • Indications for dialysis • Unexplained AKI • Involvement of other organs • Sepsis • Systemic disease • Complicated pregnancy • Post Transplant FOLLOW-UP OF AKI • UO > 1L, stable or falling creatinine, no symptoms: stop dialysis • Not resolving for >2 weeks: CECT to exclude cortical necrosis; kidney biopsy as indicated • Look for systemic diseases (e.g. |
| 1 |
| page=1,block=17 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 500 |
| list |
| 0.820 |
| https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1784807239_acutekidneyinjury-updated.pdf |
| vasculitis, myeloma, TMA) • Serum creatinine and urine protein q 6-12 months for life INDICATIONS FOR DIALYSIS • Acidosis- refractory • Electrolyte disturbance- hyperkalemia • Intoxications • Overload - refractory • Uremic encephalopathy pericarditis SECONDARY CARE • As in primary care • Admit to healthcare facility, identify and correct urinary tract obstruction (USG, CT) • Detailed investigation for infections • Manage pregnancy complications - deliver if indicated • Look for underlying CKD • Dialysis (PD or HD) • Evaluate volume status • Viral screening for dialysis initiation • Blood |
| 1 |
| page=1,block=17 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |