2406 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from rep uhc0812, published by nhm.gov.in. The source is a 343-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include universal health coverage, high level expert group report, health care services, health financing, financial protection, essential drugs, vaccines, medical technology. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 1159 factual, 423 list, 343 summary, 292 relationship, 105 definition, 48 table, 36 comparison. 1199 of the 2406 pairs (49.8%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 1207 are factual or table-based questions. 98.79% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 2406 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from the 'rep_uhc0812' publication by nhm.gov.in. It focuses on topics such as universal health coverage, health financing, essential drugs, and medical technology. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability to the original material. The dataset categorizes questions into types like factual, list, definition, and summary, with nearly half addressing explanatory topics. The source spans 343 pages, and the dataset includes metadata for validation and context.
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df = desidata.load("nhm-gov-in-beb0b1b8e1c2db60b137a0aa49f5b190")
df.head()First 10 of 2.4K+ rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are the targets for physical infrastructure under the IPHS (2010) norms? | one SHC for a population of 5,000, one PHC for a population of 30,000, and one CHC for a population of 1,20,000 | The IPHS (2010) norms are for HRH as well as for equipment, drugs and service delivery. The physical infrastructure targets are one SHC for a population of 5,000, one PHC for a population of 30,000, and one CHC for a population of 1,20,000. This includes one SHC per 3,000 population, one PHC per 20,000 population and one CHC per 80,000 population for hilly / tribal and remote areas.9 | 128 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | The physical infrastructure targets are one SHC for a population of 5,000, one PHC for a population of 30,000, and one CHC for a population of 1,20,000. | 156 | page=156,block=11 | 0.850 | valid |
| What can multinational drug firms achieve even without acquiring Indian drug manufacturing companies? | not acquiring Indian owned drug manufacturing companies, effective control on policies and pricing may be gained through ‘strategic alliance’ agreements | With the increasing acquisition of Indian companies by transnational drug corporations, there is a pressing need to rethink our country’s drug strategy. Even when multi-national drug firms are not acquiring Indian owned drug manufacturing companies, effective control on policies and pricing may be gained through ‘strategic alliance’ agreements. Various options are proposed below for the government’s consideration: a) In order to reduce our vulnerability to restructuring and its serious implications, we suggest that the government strengthen Public Sector Units (PSUs), which have drug manufacturing capability. | 193 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | Even when multi-national drug firms are not acquiring Indian owned drug manufacturing companies, effective control on policies and pricing may be gained through ‘strategic alliance’ agreements. | 145 | page=145,block=1 | ||
| What is described as coming next in the discussion of health systems? | a series of profiles of health systems in a range of different countries around the world | What follows is a series of profiles of health systems in a range of different countries around the world. Lists of potential lessons and challenges for these systems provide important insight as India considers its own plan to achieve UHC. | 16 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | What follows is a series of profiles of health systems in a range of different countries around the world. | 72 | page=72,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the basis for the community-based monitoring system designed by the AGCA? | based on the community entitlements and the standards of service delivery articulated in the NRHM | The AGCA took up the task of designing a community-based monitoring system, which would work village upwards. The entire process was based on the community entitlements and the standards of service delivery articulated in the NRHM. The mechanism that was developed included the monitoring of both aspects - community experiences of service received, as well as assessment of the delivery of services. | 133 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | The entire process was based on the community entitlements and the standards of service delivery articulated in the NRHM. | 289 | page=289,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the broader impact of malnutrition on women and their children? | the result of several other determinants that have extended and extenuating lifetime impact on the health and wellbeing of women and their children | As per the WHO’s standards, 40% of Indian children under the age of 3 are underweight, 45% are stunted and 23% have wasting (see Annexure 2). Malnutrition itself is the result of several other determinants that have extended and extenuating lifetime impact on the health and wellbeing of women and their children.10 Even economically developed states - Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka - have high levels of food insecurity.11 As per the New Delhi Birth Cohort, the population attributable risk of being underweight is 28% for 6 month olds, as compared to 18% among 5 year olds - clearly the concentration of nutrition-related morbidity follows a reverse age gradient, rendering the youngest most vulnerable.12 The focus of India’s current nutrition programmes has become supplementary nutrition and preschool education for 4-6 year olds, belying the need to focus adequately on the first 2 years of a child’s life - critical to prevent under-nutrition and its sequelae.12 Even as breastfeeding should be advocated as a universal practice up to at least six months of the infant’s age, the circumstances that govern the life of a poor working mother (who has access to neither maternity leave nor a nearby crèche) must be borne in mind. | |||||||||
| What is the evaluation status of information quality? | not adequately evaluated and there are seldom any audits of information systems | c) Poor Use of Data and Poor Monitoring and Evaluation (including Performance Monitoring) Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) has been an area of weak performance by the government as accountability has essentially been understood as a matter of enforcing bureaucratic controls.2,8 The government does collect health profiles of various states, but does not effectively use this information for decision-making. Information quality is not adequately evaluated and there are seldom any audits of information systems. There is poor adherence to data collection protocols which are then rarely reviewed. | 433 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | Information quality is not adequately evaluated and there are seldom any audits of information systems. | 249 | page=249,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What methodology and utilisation rate are the assumptions based on? | based on the NCMH methodology, including a 70% utilisation rate of services, where indicated | 2398 at the DH level by the year 2020. All assumptions are based on the NCMH methodology, including a 70% utilisation rate of services, where indicated. | 59 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | All assumptions are based on the NCMH methodology, including a 70% utilisation rate of services, where indicated. | 223 | page=223,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What role do primary care physicians play in Canadian health care? | the forefront of Canadian health care and provide basic medical treatments and preventative care | Primary care physicians are the forefront of Canadian health care and provide basic medical treatments and preventative care. | 28 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | Primary care physicians are the forefront of Canadian health care and provide basic medical treatments and preventative care. | 90 | page=90,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What role does India’s health system play in the country's employment and budget allocation? | among the country’s highest employers and absorbs almost two-thirds of the health budget for allocations in deployment, education, training, etc | States are presently struggling with the complexities of escalating human resource costs, additional demands on the available health work force, compounded by chronic HRH shortages, uneven distribution and skill-mix imbalances. India’s health system is among the country’s highest employers and absorbs almost two-thirds of the health budget for allocations in deployment, education, training, etc. Reform of HRH will therefore be the keystone of Universal Health Coverage reform in the country. | 253 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | India’s health system is among the country’s highest employers and absorbs almost two-thirds of the health budget for allocations in deployment, education, training, etc. | 155 | page=155,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What tool is used to estimate healthcare delivery needs based on access? | a simple yet practical tool to estimate health care delivery need based on access | High Level Expert Group Report on Universal Health Coverage for India g) Evaluate underserved and inaccessible districts and their existing functional health facilities and increase number and type of new health care institutions. The vulnerability index is a simple yet practical tool to estimate health care delivery need based on access. The index should take into account variables such as the percentage of tribal and hilly areas, seriousness of political extremism and related security issues, average travel time to health care facility by foot or other modes of transport, density of health workers given the population density and geography, frequency of natural disasters, and difficulty of the terrain. | 258 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf | The vulnerability index is a simple yet practical tool to estimate health care delivery need based on access. | 210 | page=210,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.850 |
| valid |
| 165 |
| definition |
| 1.000 |
| https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/publication/Planning_Commission/rep_uhc0812.pdf |
| Malnutrition itself is the result of several other determinants that have extended and extenuating lifetime impact on the health and wellbeing of women and their children. |
| 294 |
| page=294,block=1 |
| 0.850 |
| valid |