4 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from An overview of agroforestry related land use systems | Indian Farming, published by epubs.icar.org.in. Source-evidenced topics include agroforestry, deforestation, global forests, primary forests, social forestry, permaculture, syntropic farming, sustainable land management. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 2 factual, 2 list. 2 of the 4 pairs (50.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 2 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains four extractive question-and-answer pairs focused on agroforestry and deforestation, derived from an article published by epubs.icar.org.in. The questions address topics such as the impact of deforestation, the importance of forests, and emerging sustainable land management practices. Each answer is a direct excerpt from the source material, with metadata indicating its location in the original text. The dataset highlights the significant loss of global and primary forests since 1990 and introduces concepts like agroforestry and syntropic farming as solutions.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("epubs-icar-org-in-5dbc81b6cbe50498c09d9f581a649832")
df.head()First 4 of 4 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are some emerging concepts to address deforestation and promote sustainable land management? | agroforestry, social forestry, permaculture and syntropic farming | Forests, vital for habitats, spiritual connection, and resources, have suffered from deforestation due to agricultural and economic expansion. Since 1990, deforestation has significantly impacted global forests, with an estimated loss of 420 million ha and primary forests declining by over 80 million ha. Though agriculture and forestry occupy similar land areas, forestry receives considerably less focus on research, resources and manpower. New concepts like agroforestry, social forestry, permaculture and syntropic farming are emerging to address these challenges and promote sustainable land management practices. | 462 | list | 0.820 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/152134 | New concepts like agroforestry, social forestry, permaculture and syntropic farming are emerging to address these challenges and promote sustainable land management practices. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What are forests vital for? | habitats, spiritual connection, and resources | Forests, vital for habitats, spiritual connection, and resources, have suffered from deforestation due to agricultural and economic expansion. Since 1990, deforestation has significantly impacted global forests, with an estimated loss of 420 million ha and primary forests declining by over 80 million ha. Though agriculture and forestry occupy similar land areas, forestry receives considerably less focus on research, resources and manpower. New concepts like agroforestry, social forestry, permaculture and syntropic farming are emerging to address these challenges and promote sustainable land management practices. | 19 | list | 0.780 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/152134 | Forests, vital for habitats, spiritual connection, and resources, have suffered from deforestation due to agricultural and economic expansion. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What has been the decline in primary forests since 1990? | over 80 million ha | Forests, vital for habitats, spiritual connection, and resources, have suffered from deforestation due to agricultural and economic expansion. Since 1990, deforestation has significantly impacted global forests, with an estimated loss of 420 million ha and primary forests declining by over 80 million ha. Though agriculture and forestry occupy similar land areas, forestry receives considerably less focus on research, resources and manpower. New concepts like agroforestry, social forestry, permaculture and syntropic farming are emerging to address these challenges and promote sustainable land management practices. | 286 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/152134 | Since 1990, deforestation has significantly impacted global forests, with an estimated loss of 420 million ha and primary forests declining by over 80 million ha. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What is the estimated global loss of forests since 1990? | 420 million ha | Forests, vital for habitats, spiritual connection, and resources, have suffered from deforestation due to agricultural and economic expansion. Since 1990, deforestation has significantly impacted global forests, with an estimated loss of 420 million ha and primary forests declining by over 80 million ha. Though agriculture and forestry occupy similar land areas, forestry receives considerably less focus on research, resources and manpower. New concepts like agroforestry, social forestry, permaculture and syntropic farming are emerging to address these challenges and promote sustainable land management practices. | 238 | factual | 0.490 | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IndFarm/article/view/152134 | Since 1990, deforestation has significantly impacted global forests, with an estimated loss of 420 million ha and primary forests declining by over 80 million ha. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid |
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