| What is India's global ranking in coconut production? | the number one coconut producer in the world | 2.4.6 Coconut India is the number one coconut producer in the world. Tamil Nadu is the second largest state after Kerala when it comes to coconut production. | 23 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | Coconut India is the number one coconut producer in the world. | 19 | page=19,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is India's global ranking in sugarcane production? | the world´s second largest producer of sugarcane (FAO, UN, 2005) | 2.4.4 Sugarcane India is the world´s second largest producer of sugarcane (FAO, UN, 2005). Most common sugarcane products in India are jaggery (”raw sugar”) and refined sugar. | 25 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | Sugarcane India is the world´s second largest producer of sugarcane (FAO, UN, 2005). | 18 | page=18,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What kind of climate does groundnut require to grow? | a tropical plant that needs hot and humid climate to grow | It is an oilseed crop with oil content of 40-50%. The groundnut is a tropical plant that needs hot and humid climate to grow. Preferably it is grown in sandy loam soil. | 67 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | The groundnut is a tropical plant that needs hot and humid climate to grow. | 18 | page=18,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| How was the intensity of the rain calculated? | as the monthly rainfall sum divided by number of rainy days for each month | The intensity of the rain could only be calculated as the monthly rainfall sum divided by number of rainy days for each month. This means that small low intense rainstorms and large high intense rainstorms got evened out in the calculation. There was no way of knowing how much it actually rained each day. The three first months of 2008 gave together 302 mm of precipitation. This is the rainiest first three months during the record period 1985-2008. This fact may affect how the farmers experienced their ability to grow crops in the early season. The large standard deviation for each month between different years, Table 9, makes it hard to predict the amount of rainfall. During the whole period analyzed it did not rain in March in a single year. However in March 2008 (not included in the analyses) 203 mm of rain fell in the area. 5. | 51 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | The intensity of the rain could only be calculated as the monthly rainfall sum divided by number of rainy days for each month. | 49 | page=49,block=2 |
| How was the yearly average rainfall intensity determined? | total amount of rainfall/number of rainy days | Hand in Hand has access to monthly data from this station since January 1985. From the monthly rain and number of rainy days an average intensity [mm/day] was calculated. In the same way the average intensity for one year was calculated (total amount of rainfall/number of rainy days). The rainfall data is assumed to be normally distributed and was analyzed for trends concerning quantity and intensity. The existence of a trend was investigated with linear regression of rainfall versus time. | 238 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | In the same way the average intensity for one year was calculated (total amount of rainfall/number of rainy days). | 25 | page=25,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What information do local authorities document annually for farming? | what each farmer has grown on his land. | arrange the interviews. Some of the people were picked on the way when walking through the village. For the most part there were two interpreters. Both male and female farmers were interviewed, but the same problem as in Arapedu was experienced, women generally knew less about yield and earnings. Also all the women interviewed were uneducated, while all men had some education. Figure 7 Interview with one of the farmers in Tenpakkam. 3.4. Village records Local authorities compile, for each farming year, records of what each farmer has grown on his land. The village is divided into lots and every lot has a survey number and most lots also have sub survey number. All together, Arapedu and Tenpakkam each have about 3000 pieces of land described in these records. | 519 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | Village records Local authorities compile, for each farming year, records of what each farmer has grown on his land. The village is divided into lots and every lot has a survey number and most lots also have sub survey number. | 24 | page=24,block=2 |
| What is the function of field bunds in watershed management? | keep the water on the field so it has time to infiltrate | Bunds Field bunds (Figure 2) are often constructed as boundaries between different fields. They keep the water on the field so it has time to infiltrate. Often field bunds are combined with an outlet of stones in the down flow direction of the field. This makes it possible for the water to flow between the fields. Field bunds, like the one in Figure 2, were frequent in Arapedu village. | 96 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | They keep the water on the field so it has time to infiltrate. | 15 | page=15,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the goal of strip cropping with perennial crops? | make the runoff less destructive and hence prevent soil erosion | possible. It is generally easy to show positive effects of watershed management in the first one or two years. Unfortunately many projects are not followed up and it is hard to tell if they have been successful in the long run. The water harvesting structures need maintenance and if there is no technical expertise for supervision it can be hard for the villagers to manage the maintenance themselves (Kerr, 2002). These are methods for watershed management for improved water availability and use that are practiced in South India: 2.3. Cropping systems Strip cropping with perennial crops means that the annual crop will be combined with perennial crops in a strip pattern on the field. This method can make the runoff less destructive and hence prevent soil erosion. Diverse cropping has the same effect, but here trees and/or shrubs are surrounding the annual crops as a protection. 2.3. | 706 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | This method can make the runoff less destructive and hence prevent soil erosion. | 15 | page=15,block=2 |
| What type of organization is Hand in Hand? | a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) with its head quarters in Tamil Nadu | 2 BACKGROUND In this chapter some background information about the organization Hand in Hand, climate conditions, rainwater harvesting structures and crops are described. 2. Hand in Hand Hand in Hand (Hand in Hand) is a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) with its head quarters in Tamil Nadu, but they are also active in Pondicherry (India), South Africa and Afghanistan. Hand in Hand is a nonprofit NGO supported by Swedish investors. Even if they are non-governmental they work together with the local governments so they can learn from each other and avoid parallel work. | 218 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | Hand in Hand Hand in Hand (Hand in Hand) is a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) with its head quarters in Tamil Nadu, but they are also active in Pondicherry (India), South Africa and Afghanistan. | 13 | page=13,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is Tamil Nadu? | the second largest state after Kerala when it comes to coconut production | 2.4.6 Coconut India is the number one coconut producer in the world. Tamil Nadu is the second largest state after Kerala when it comes to coconut production. The two states are responsible for 90% of India´s coconut yield. | 83 | definition | 0.980 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/water%20management.pdf | Tamil Nadu is the second largest state after Kerala when it comes to coconut production. | 19 | page=19,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |