99 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Microsoft Word - Diagnosis of nutritional disorders.doc, published by agritech.tnau.ac.in. The source is a 11-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include nutritional disorders, micronutrients, macronutrients, hidden hunger, chlorosis, necrosis, scorching, ammonium toxicity. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 56 factual, 13 relationship, 13 summary, 7 list, 6 definition, 4 comparison. 43 of the 99 pairs (43.4%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 56 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 99 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from a publication on plant nutritional disorders by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. It covers definitions, symptoms, and relationships between nutrient deficiencies and plant health. The dataset includes detailed descriptions of disorders like chlorosis, necrosis, and hidden hunger, as well as sampling guidelines for nutrient analysis in various crops. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability to the original material.
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df = desidata.load("agritech-tnau-ac-in-661f0376044c2ce6351522d9fd16141c")
df.head()First 10 of 99 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What does the term 'bronzing' mean in the context of plant disorders? | development of bronze or copper colour on the tissue | Some common terms are, bronzing (development of bronze or copper colour on the tissue), chlorosis (loss of chlorophyll resulting in loss of green colour leading to pale yellow tissues), decline (onset of general weakness as indicated by loss of vigour, poor growth and low productivity), die-back (collapse of the growing tip affecting the younger leaves), firing (burning of tissue accompanied with dark brown or reddish brown colour), lesion (a localised wound of the leaf/stem tissue accompanied with loss of normal colour), necrosis (death of tissue), scorching (burning of the tissue accompanied with light brown colour resulting from faulty spray, salt injury etc.) Some crops are more sensitive than others to the deficiency of a micronutrient and it can be inferred that the critical concentration of a nutrient is not same for all the crops. | 33 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | Some common terms are, bronzing (development of bronze or copper colour on the tissue), chlorosis (loss of chlorophyll resulting in loss of green colour leading to pale yellow tissues), decline (onset of general weakness as indicated by loss of vigour, poor growth and low productivity), die-back (collapse of the growing tip affecting the younger leaves), firing (burning of tissue accompanied with dark brown or reddish brown colour), lesion (a localised wound of the leaf/stem tissue accompanied with loss of normal colour), necrosis (death of tissue), scorching (burning of the tissue | 1 | page=1,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the term 'chlorosis' mean in the context of plant disorders? | loss of chlorophyll resulting in loss of green colour leading to pale yellow tissues | Some common terms are, bronzing (development of bronze or copper colour on the tissue), chlorosis (loss of chlorophyll resulting in loss of green colour leading to pale yellow tissues), decline (onset of general weakness as indicated by loss of vigour, poor growth and low productivity), die-back (collapse of the growing tip affecting the younger leaves), firing (burning of tissue accompanied with dark brown or reddish brown colour), lesion (a localised wound of the leaf/stem tissue accompanied with loss of normal colour), necrosis (death of tissue), scorching (burning of the tissue accompanied with light brown colour resulting from faulty spray, salt injury etc.) Some crops are more sensitive than others to the deficiency of a micronutrient and it can be inferred that the critical concentration of a nutrient is not same for all the crops. | 99 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | Some common terms are, bronzing (development of bronze or copper colour on the tissue), chlorosis (loss of chlorophyll resulting in loss of green colour leading to pale yellow tissues), decline (onset of general weakness as indicated by loss of vigour, poor growth and low productivity), die-back (collapse of the growing tip affecting the younger leaves), firing (burning of tissue accompanied with dark brown or reddish brown colour), lesion (a localised wound of the leaf/stem tissue accompanied with loss of normal colour), necrosis (death of tissue), scorching (burning of the tissue | ||||
| What are nutritional disorders in plants? | physiological disorders in the plants that affect productivity as well as the quality of fruits | Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003 Nutritional disorders are basically physiological disorders in the plants that affect productivity as well as the quality of fruits. Disturbance in the plant metabolic activities resulting from an excess or deficit of environmental variables like temperature, light, aeration and nutritional imbalances result in disorders. In fruit crops, the deficiency of micronutrients causes many more disorders than that of macronutrients. Nutritional disorders have become widespread with diminishing use of organic manures, adoption of high density planting, use of root stocks for dwarfing, disease and salt tolerance, unbalanced NPK fertiliser application and extension of horticulture to marginal lands. To get high quality fruit and yields, micronutrient deficiencies have to be detected before visual symptoms are expressed. | 93 | definition | 0.980 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003 Nutritional disorders are basically physiological disorders in the plants that affect productivity as well as the quality of fruits. | ||||
| How can aluminum and copper affect plant growth and development? | their toxic effect on root development and function | Toxicity symptoms Visual symptoms of toxicity may not always be the direct effect of the element in excess on the plant, but the effect of the excess element on one or more other elements. an excessive level of potassium (K) in the plant can result in either a magnesium (Mg) and/or calcium (Ca) deficiency, excess phosphorus (P) can result in a zinc (Zn) deficiency, and excess Zn in an iron (Fe) deficiency. These effects would compare to elements, such as boron (B), chlorine (Cl), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn), which create visual symptoms that are the direct effect of an excess of that element present in the plant. Some elements, such as aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) can affect plant growth and development due to their toxic effect on root development and function. | 725 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | Some elements, such as aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) can affect plant growth and development due to their toxic effect on root development and function. | 2 | page=2,block=0 | 0.700 | |
| What can high nitrogen levels in plants lead to? | sensitive to moisture stress and easily susceptible to insect and disease infestations | particularly the use of plant analyses and / or tissue tests if the cause for visual disorders is to be correctly identified. Other effects A nutrient element insufficiency (deficiency or excess) can make the plant sensitive to climatic stress, and/or be easily subjected to insect and disease infestations. A high nitrogen (N) level in the plant can make the plant sensitive to moisture stress and easily susceptible to insect and disease infestations. If ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) is the primary source of nitrogen (N), symptoms of NH4 toxicity, fruit disorders, and the decay of conductive tissues may occur. Some fungus diseases are more likely to occur on plants that are marginally deficient in a particular element, an example being the occurrence of powdery mildew on leaves of greenhouse-grown cucumber when magnesium (Mg) is not fully sufficient. | 366 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | A high nitrogen (N) level in the plant can make the plant sensitive to moisture stress and easily susceptible to insect and disease infestations. | 3 | |||
| What can make plants sensitive to climatic stress and prone to insect and disease infestations? | A nutrient element insufficiency (deficiency or excess) | particularly the use of plant analyses and / or tissue tests if the cause for visual disorders is to be correctly identified. Other effects A nutrient element insufficiency (deficiency or excess) can make the plant sensitive to climatic stress, and/or be easily subjected to insect and disease infestations. A high nitrogen (N) level in the plant can make the plant sensitive to moisture stress and easily susceptible to insect and disease infestations. If ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) is the primary source of nitrogen (N), symptoms of NH4 toxicity, fruit disorders, and the decay of conductive tissues may occur. Some fungus diseases are more likely to occur on plants that are marginally deficient in a particular element, an example being the occurrence of powdery mildew on leaves of greenhouse-grown cucumber when magnesium (Mg) is not fully sufficient. | 140 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | Other effects A nutrient element insufficiency (deficiency or excess) can make the plant sensitive to climatic stress, and/or be easily subjected to insect and disease infestations. | ||||
| What can phosphorus excess interfere with in plants? | the normal Ca nutrition, with typical Ca deficiency symptoms occurring | Blossom-end rot of fruit and Mg deficiency symptoms may also occur. Phosphorus (P) Deficiency Plant growth will be slow and stunted, and the older leaves will have a purple coloration, particularly on the underside. Excess Phosphorus excess will not have a direct effect on the plant, but may show visual deficiencies of Zn, Fe and Mn. High P may also interfere with the normal Ca nutrition, with typical Ca deficiency symptoms occurring. Potassium (K) Deficiency On the older leaves, the edges will look burned, a symptom known as scorch. Plants will easily lodge and be sensitive to disease infestation. Fruit and seed production will be impaired and of poor quality. Excess Plants will exhibit typical Mg, and possibly Ca deficiency symptoms due to a cation imbalance. Calcium (Ca) Deficiency The growing tips of roots and leaves will turn brown and die. | 367 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | High P may also interfere with the normal Ca nutrition, with typical Ca deficiency symptoms occurring. | 3 | page=3,block=0 | ||
| What can visual symptoms of nutrient insufficiency help identify? | the source of the insufficiency | The susceptibility or tolerance rating of crops to nutrient deficiencies shows considerable variation due to wider hereditary variability within a crop species. Further, terms such as low, moderate or high are very relative and should be used with caution. Diagnostic plant symptoms of nutrient element insufficiencies When a nutrient element insufficiency (deficiency and/or toxicity) occurs, visual symptoms may or may not appear, although normal plant development will be slowed. When visual symptoms do occur, such symptoms can frequently be used to identify the source of the insufficiency. | 563 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | When visual symptoms do occur, such symptoms can frequently be used to identify the source of the insufficiency. | 1 | page=1,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What causes disturbances in plant metabolic activities leading to disorders? | an excess or deficit of environmental variables like temperature, light, aeration and nutritional imbalances | Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003 Nutritional disorders are basically physiological disorders in the plants that affect productivity as well as the quality of fruits. Disturbance in the plant metabolic activities resulting from an excess or deficit of environmental variables like temperature, light, aeration and nutritional imbalances result in disorders. In fruit crops, the deficiency of micronutrients causes many more disorders than that of macronutrients. Nutritional disorders have become widespread with diminishing use of organic manures, adoption of high density planting, use of root stocks for dwarfing, disease and salt tolerance, unbalanced NPK fertiliser application and extension of horticulture to marginal lands. To get high quality fruit and yields, micronutrient deficiencies have to be detected before visual symptoms are expressed. | 251 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | Disturbance in the plant metabolic activities resulting from an excess or deficit of environmental variables like temperature, light, aeration and nutritional imbalances result in disorders. | ||||
| What causes variation in the susceptibility or tolerance of crops to nutrient deficiencies? | wider hereditary variability within a crop species | The susceptibility or tolerance rating of crops to nutrient deficiencies shows considerable variation due to wider hereditary variability within a crop species. Further, terms such as low, moderate or high are very relative and should be used with caution. Diagnostic plant symptoms of nutrient element insufficiencies When a nutrient element insufficiency (deficiency and/or toxicity) occurs, visual symptoms may or may not appear, although normal plant development will be slowed. When visual symptoms do occur, such symptoms can frequently be used to identify the source of the insufficiency. | 109 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/pdf/Diagnosis%20of%20nutritional%20disorders.pdf | The susceptibility or tolerance rating of crops to nutrient deficiencies shows considerable variation due to wider hereditary variability within a crop species. | 1 | page=1,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
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