EconomyEnglish7.1/10 · BronzeCSV file availableUpdated 10 Oct 2026

ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 - Question and Answer Dataset

Name: ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 - Question and Answer Dataset
Creator: icmr.gov.in
Keywords: Economy, question-answering, extractive-qa, diabetes-mellitus-type-1, standard-treatment-workflow-stw, icd-10-e10, diabetic-ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, insulin-administration, glargine, detemir

#question-answering#extractive-qa#diabetes-mellitus-type-1#standard-treatment-workflow-stw#icd-10-e10#diabetic-ketoacidosis#hyperglycemia#hypoglycemia#insulin-administration#glargine#detemir

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About this dataset

10 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1, published by icmr.gov.in. The source is a 1-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include diabetes mellitus type 1, standard treatment workflow (stw), icd-10-e10, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, insulin administration, glargine. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 5 factual, 4 list, 1 definition. 5 of the 10 pairs (50.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 5 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.

Preview

First 10 of 10 rows

Sample rows from ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 - Question and Answer Dataset
question	answer	context	answer_start	question_type	knowledge_quality_score	source_document	source_quote	source_page	source_location	confidence	validation_status
What does SMBG stand for?	Self-monitoring of blood glucose	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	76	definition	0.900	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	1	page=1,block=53	0.700	valid
What are the symptoms and signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?	Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage)	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj. glucagon 1 mg s.c./ i.m.	496	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj.
What dietary components should be avoided in a balanced diet for diabetes management?	Simple sugars and excessive fats	Pre-meal and post-meal glucose level 2.Carbohydrates in the meal 3.Excercise pattern NUTRITION ∙ Calories should be appropriate to the expected body weight, pubertal status, activity ∙ Balanced diet including all food groups ∙ Simple sugars and excessive fats to be avoided ∙ Meals/snacks to be individualized and reflect insulin schedule (usually 3 meals, 2 snacks) REGULAR EXERCISE ∙ Beneficial and should be encouraged EDUCATION ∙ Emphasize diabetes related education to patient and caregivers COMPLICATIONS & COMORBIDITIES (5 YEARS AFTER DIAGNOSIS, THEN ANNUALLY) • Fundus examination (Retinopathy) • Foot examination (Neuropathy) • Urine albumin/creatinine ratio • Other investigations (S-creatinine, TSH), lipid profile EVERY THREE MONTHS • Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) • Target: <7% (should be individualized)	227	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Pre-meal and post-meal glucose level 2.Carbohydrates in the meal 3.Excercise pattern NUTRITION ∙ Calories should be appropriate to the expected body weight, pubertal status, activity ∙ Balanced diet including all food groups ∙ Simple sugars and excessive fats to be avoided ∙ Meals/snacks to be individualized and reflect insulin schedule (usually 3 meals, 2 snacks) REGULAR EXERCISE ∙ Beneficial and should be encouraged EDUCATION ∙ Emphasize diabetes related education to patient and caregivers COMPLICATIONS & COMORBIDITIES (5 YEARS AFTER DIAGNOSIS, THEN ANNUALLY) • Fundus examination
When should blood glucose be checked under SMBG?	before each meal and at bedtime	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	184	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	1	page=1,block=53
Which types of insulin are mentioned for basal administration?	glargine or detemir or NPH	Uncontrolled hyperglycemia For education of patient & family For insulin injection techniques/ SBGM/ identifying hypoglycemia s/s Recurrent hypoglycemia Severe diabetic ketoacidosis (altered sensorium, rapid breathing) Chronic diabetes specific complications Insulin administration (0.25 to 1.0U/kg depending on age and pubertal status) ∙ Basal: glargine or detemir or NPH 40-50% of daily requirement ∙Bolus: regular or rapid acting 50% of daily requirement/3 injections before each meal Insulin doses can be adjusted depending upon 1.	346	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Uncontrolled hyperglycemia For education of patient & family For insulin injection techniques/ SBGM/ identifying hypoglycemia s/s Recurrent hypoglycemia Severe diabetic ketoacidosis (altered sensorium, rapid breathing) Chronic diabetes specific complications Insulin administration (0.25 to 1.0U/kg depending on age and pubertal status) ∙ Basal: glargine or detemir or NPH 40-50% of daily requirement ∙Bolus: regular or rapid acting 50% of daily requirement/3 injections before each meal Insulin doses can be adjusted depending upon 1.
How often should extra regular insulin be administered during sickness or infection?	every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose)	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj. glucagon 1 mg s.c./ i.m.	261	factual	0.570	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage)
What is the HbA1c level that confirms a diabetes diagnosis?	HbA1c ≥ 6.5%	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	83	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	1	page=1,block=32	0.700	valid
What is the threshold for post-glucose levels to confirm diabetes?	post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	59	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	1	page=1,block=32	0.700	valid
What percentage of Type 1 diabetes patients show moderate to large urine or blood ketones?	moderate-large (in > 50%)	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	215	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	1	page=1,block=32	0.700	valid
What should be done if glucose levels exceed 250 mg% during sickness or infection?	check for urine ketones	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj. glucagon 1 mg s.c./ i.m.	62	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c.

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Details

Category: Economy
Language: English
Format: CSV
Rows: 10
File size: 13.4 KB
Licence: Not specified
Source: icmr.gov.in
DesiData Scale™: 7.1 / 10 · Bronze

Preview

First 10 of 10 rows

Sample rows from ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 - Question and Answer Dataset
question	answer	context	answer_start	question_type	knowledge_quality_score	source_document	source_quote	source_page	source_location	confidence	validation_status
What does SMBG stand for?	Self-monitoring of blood glucose	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	76	definition	0.900	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	1	page=1,block=53	0.700	valid
What are the symptoms and signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?	Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage)	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj. glucagon 1 mg s.c./ i.m.	496	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj.
What dietary components should be avoided in a balanced diet for diabetes management?	Simple sugars and excessive fats	Pre-meal and post-meal glucose level 2.Carbohydrates in the meal 3.Excercise pattern NUTRITION ∙ Calories should be appropriate to the expected body weight, pubertal status, activity ∙ Balanced diet including all food groups ∙ Simple sugars and excessive fats to be avoided ∙ Meals/snacks to be individualized and reflect insulin schedule (usually 3 meals, 2 snacks) REGULAR EXERCISE ∙ Beneficial and should be encouraged EDUCATION ∙ Emphasize diabetes related education to patient and caregivers COMPLICATIONS & COMORBIDITIES (5 YEARS AFTER DIAGNOSIS, THEN ANNUALLY) • Fundus examination (Retinopathy) • Foot examination (Neuropathy) • Urine albumin/creatinine ratio • Other investigations (S-creatinine, TSH), lipid profile EVERY THREE MONTHS • Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) • Target: <7% (should be individualized)	227	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Pre-meal and post-meal glucose level 2.Carbohydrates in the meal 3.Excercise pattern NUTRITION ∙ Calories should be appropriate to the expected body weight, pubertal status, activity ∙ Balanced diet including all food groups ∙ Simple sugars and excessive fats to be avoided ∙ Meals/snacks to be individualized and reflect insulin schedule (usually 3 meals, 2 snacks) REGULAR EXERCISE ∙ Beneficial and should be encouraged EDUCATION ∙ Emphasize diabetes related education to patient and caregivers COMPLICATIONS & COMORBIDITIES (5 YEARS AFTER DIAGNOSIS, THEN ANNUALLY) • Fundus examination
When should blood glucose be checked under SMBG?	before each meal and at bedtime	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	184	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Basal and bolus regimen BP: Blood pressure DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis SBMG: Self-monitoring of blood glucose TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone tTG: Tissue transglutaminase SMBG ∙ Check before each meal and at bedtime ∙ Should be checked more frequently in case A1c is not controlled, frequent hypoglycemia ∙ Glucose at midnight (12.00-2.00 am) occasionally to rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia ∙ Ketones should be checked if blood glucose is > 250 mg/dl TARGET ∙ Pre-meal 80-130 mg% ∙ 2 hours post-meal: 120-180 mg%	1	page=1,block=53
Which types of insulin are mentioned for basal administration?	glargine or detemir or NPH	Uncontrolled hyperglycemia For education of patient & family For insulin injection techniques/ SBGM/ identifying hypoglycemia s/s Recurrent hypoglycemia Severe diabetic ketoacidosis (altered sensorium, rapid breathing) Chronic diabetes specific complications Insulin administration (0.25 to 1.0U/kg depending on age and pubertal status) ∙ Basal: glargine or detemir or NPH 40-50% of daily requirement ∙Bolus: regular or rapid acting 50% of daily requirement/3 injections before each meal Insulin doses can be adjusted depending upon 1.	346	list	0.820	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	Uncontrolled hyperglycemia For education of patient & family For insulin injection techniques/ SBGM/ identifying hypoglycemia s/s Recurrent hypoglycemia Severe diabetic ketoacidosis (altered sensorium, rapid breathing) Chronic diabetes specific complications Insulin administration (0.25 to 1.0U/kg depending on age and pubertal status) ∙ Basal: glargine or detemir or NPH 40-50% of daily requirement ∙Bolus: regular or rapid acting 50% of daily requirement/3 injections before each meal Insulin doses can be adjusted depending upon 1.
How often should extra regular insulin be administered during sickness or infection?	every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose)	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj. glucagon 1 mg s.c./ i.m.	261	factual	0.570	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage)
What is the HbA1c level that confirms a diabetes diagnosis?	HbA1c ≥ 6.5%	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	83	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	1	page=1,block=32	0.700	valid
What is the threshold for post-glucose levels to confirm diabetes?	post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	59	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	1	page=1,block=32	0.700	valid
What percentage of Type 1 diabetes patients show moderate to large urine or blood ketones?	moderate-large (in > 50%)	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	215	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	• Diagnosis of diabetes: Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg%; post-glucose ≥ 200 mg%; HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (all to be re-confirmed); random glucose ≥ 200 mg% with symptoms • Characteristic of T1 diabetes; urine/blood ketones: moderate-large (in > 50%) • Continuous requirement of insulin since diagnosis HbA1c, creatinine, hemoglobin, TSH, tTG (tissue transglutaminase) antibody, lipid profile	1	page=1,block=32	0.700	valid
What should be done if glucose levels exceed 250 mg% during sickness or infection?	check for urine ketones	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c. every 6 hourly (10-15% of total daily insulin dose) • If glucose not falling, excess vomiting, low urine output, high or rising ketone, admit the patient DKA MANAGEMENT • As per STW on Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) • Symptoms and signs: Sweating, hunger, tremors, irritability, weakness, drowsiness / seizures / unconsciousness (late stage) • Diagnosis: Mild / moderate: glucose <70 mg% with or without symptoms • Severe hypoglycemia: coma / seizures / inability to treat oneself • Treatment: If glucose <70 mg% take 3 tsf glucose powder or sugar; if severe: caregiver should give inj. glucagon 1 mg s.c./ i.m.	62	factual	0.490	https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567249_diabetes_mellitus_type_1.pdf	IN CASE OF SICKNESS / INFECTION • Measure glucose frequently, check for urine ketones if glucose >250 mg% • Drink plenty of fluids, monitor urine output • Eat small light meals 4-5 times/day • In addition to usual insulin doses, take extra regular insulin s.c.

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