25 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) ACUTE GASTROINTESTINAL BLEED IN ADULTS- PART A, published by icmr.gov.in. The source is a 1-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include acute gastrointestinal bleed, icd-10-k92.2, hematemesis, upper gi bleed, lower gi bleed, precipitants, aspirin, nsaids. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 10 factual, 9 list, 4 definition, 2 relationship. 15 of the 25 pairs (60.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 10 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 25 question-and-answer pairs derived from the ICMR Standard Treatment Workflow (STW) for acute gastrointestinal bleeding in adults. The source document provides detailed guidance on diagnosis, treatment, and management of conditions such as upper and lower GI bleeds, including specific medication dosages, diagnostic tests, and risk factors. The dataset includes factual, list-based, definition, and relationship questions, with answers directly extracted from the source material. Topics covered include symptoms, treatment protocols, and abbreviations related to gastrointestinal bleeding.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("www-icmr-gov-in-1065fc5d2cb21d64f84e64ea81bd2cbf")
df.head()First 10 of 25 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What history might be relevant for a patient with epigastric pain? | H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets | H/o - alcohol intake/ jaundice/ blood transfusion O/E - jaundice/ ascites/ splenomegaly H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets If lower GI Bleed: H/o fever/ diarrhea Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) Etiology H/o bleeding per rectum with concomitant yellow stools Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | 88 | relationship | 0.970 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | H/o - alcohol intake/ jaundice/ blood transfusion O/E - jaundice/ ascites/ splenomegaly H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets If lower GI Bleed: H/o fever/ diarrhea Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) Etiology H/o bleeding per rectum with concomitant yellow stools Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | 1 | page=1,block=81 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the abbreviation HCV stand for? | Hepatitis C virus | Blood transfusion Give packed RBC/ whole blood if Hb <7 g/dL (or Hb <9 g/dL in case pre-existing heart disease) Patient may need ICU care depending on the overall general condition. If patient is in altered sensorium and bleeding actively secure airway Continue resuscitation (As detailed above) All cases of acute GI Bleed must undergo endoscopy within 24 hours of initial stabilisation. Patients with active ongoing bleed may require an earlier endoscopy. Appropriate informed consent to be taken prior to endoscopy. HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 524 | definition | 0.900 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 1 | page=1,block=96 | 0.700 | |
| What does the abbreviation INR stand for? | International normalized ratio | Blood transfusion Give packed RBC/ whole blood if Hb <7 g/dL (or Hb <9 g/dL in case pre-existing heart disease) Patient may need ICU care depending on the overall general condition. If patient is in altered sensorium and bleeding actively secure airway Continue resuscitation (As detailed above) All cases of acute GI Bleed must undergo endoscopy within 24 hours of initial stabilisation. Patients with active ongoing bleed may require an earlier endoscopy. Appropriate informed consent to be taken prior to endoscopy. HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 547 | definition | 0.900 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 1 | page=1,block=96 | 0.700 | |
| What does the abbreviation NSAID stand for? | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | Blood transfusion Give packed RBC/ whole blood if Hb <7 g/dL (or Hb <9 g/dL in case pre-existing heart disease) Patient may need ICU care depending on the overall general condition. If patient is in altered sensorium and bleeding actively secure airway Continue resuscitation (As detailed above) All cases of acute GI Bleed must undergo endoscopy within 24 hours of initial stabilisation. Patients with active ongoing bleed may require an earlier endoscopy. Appropriate informed consent to be taken prior to endoscopy. HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 601 | definition | 0.900 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 1 | page=1,block=96 | 0.700 | |
| What does the abbreviation PPIs stand for? | Proton pump inhibitors | Blood transfusion Give packed RBC/ whole blood if Hb <7 g/dL (or Hb <9 g/dL in case pre-existing heart disease) Patient may need ICU care depending on the overall general condition. If patient is in altered sensorium and bleeding actively secure airway Continue resuscitation (As detailed above) All cases of acute GI Bleed must undergo endoscopy within 24 hours of initial stabilisation. Patients with active ongoing bleed may require an earlier endoscopy. Appropriate informed consent to be taken prior to endoscopy. HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 644 | definition | 0.900 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | HCV: Hepatitis C virus INR: International normalized ratio NG: Nasogastric NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors PTL: Platelet count RBC: Red blood cell TLC: Total leukocyte count | 1 | page=1,block=96 | 0.700 | |
| What condition is associated with yellow stools and bleeding per rectum? | Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | H/o - alcohol intake/ jaundice/ blood transfusion O/E - jaundice/ ascites/ splenomegaly H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets If lower GI Bleed: H/o fever/ diarrhea Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) Etiology H/o bleeding per rectum with concomitant yellow stools Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | 298 | relationship | 0.890 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | H/o - alcohol intake/ jaundice/ blood transfusion O/E - jaundice/ ascites/ splenomegaly H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets If lower GI Bleed: H/o fever/ diarrhea Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) Etiology H/o bleeding per rectum with concomitant yellow stools Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | 1 | page=1,block=81 | 0.700 | valid |
| What antibiotics are recommended for lower GI bleed with fever? | Inj Ceftriaxone I.V. 1 g 12 hourly x 3-5 days OR Inj Cefotaxime I.V. 1 g 8 hourly X 3-5 days | Octreotide 50 μg stat I.V. followed by 50 μg/ hr infusion X 3-5 days PPIs Vasoconstrictors Suspected variceal bleed Antibiotics Antibiotics All patients Lower GI bleed with fever * Avoid Terlipressin in patients with suspected heart disease or peripheral vascular disease. if patient is on Terlipressin examine for signs of peripheral/ cardiac ischemia regularly Inj Ceftriaxone I.V. 1 g 12 hourly x 3-5 days OR Inj Cefotaxime I.V. 1 g 8 hourly X 3-5 days Inj Ceftriaxone 2g I.V. 12 hourly AND Inj Metronidazole 500 mg I.V. 8 hourly Bleeding per rectum (Hematochezia) Black tarry stools (Melena) Blood in nasogastric tube (NG) (Active GI bleed) Hemoglobin, platelets, TLC, PTL, INR Blood grouping and cross matching to arrange blood | 363 | list | 0.820 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | if patient is on Terlipressin examine for signs of peripheral/ cardiac ischemia regularly Inj Ceftriaxone I.V. 1 g 12 hourly x 3-5 days OR Inj Cefotaxime I.V. 1 g 8 hourly X 3-5 days Inj Ceftriaxone 2g I.V. | 1 | page=1,block=6 | ||
| What are some co-morbid conditions to assess in cases of GI bleed? | Cardiovascular disease/ renal disease/ malignancy | Assess for History and examination Points towards Upper GI bleed Lower/Upper GI bleed Site of bleed Hematemesis/ blood in NG tube/ melena Fresh blood per rectum/ maroon stools Rapid blood loss Rate of blood loss Large volume hematemesis/ fresh blood/ frequent melena/ postural giddiness/ breathlessness/ hypotension Stop all precipitants Precipitants Aspirin/ NSAIDs/ antiplatelets/ anticoagulants Assess functional status Co-morbid conditions Cardiovascular disease/ renal disease/ malignancy Diagnosis Class of drugs Administration regimen Inj. Pantoprazole or Esomeprazole 80 mg I.V. stat, followed by 40 mg 12 hourly; if I.V. not available, give oral Pantoprazole/ Esomeprazole. Stop if variceal bleed is documented Inj Terlipressin* 2 mg I.V. stat, followed by Terlipressin 1 mg 6 hourly X 3-5 days OR Inj. Somatostatin 250 μg I.V. stat, followed by 250 μg/ hr infusion X 3-5 days OR Inj. | 444 | list | 0.820 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | Assess for History and examination Points towards Upper GI bleed Lower/Upper GI bleed Site of bleed Hematemesis/ blood in NG tube/ melena Fresh blood per rectum/ maroon stools Rapid blood loss Rate of blood loss Large volume hematemesis/ fresh blood/ frequent melena/ postural giddiness/ breathlessness/ hypotension Stop all precipitants Precipitants Aspirin/ NSAIDs/ antiplatelets/ anticoagulants Assess functional status Co-morbid conditions Cardiovascular disease/ renal disease/ malignancy Diagnosis Class of drugs Administration regimen Inj. | ||||
| What are some potential causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding? | Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) | H/o - alcohol intake/ jaundice/ blood transfusion O/E - jaundice/ ascites/ splenomegaly H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets If lower GI Bleed: H/o fever/ diarrhea Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) Etiology H/o bleeding per rectum with concomitant yellow stools Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | 176 | list | 0.820 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | H/o - alcohol intake/ jaundice/ blood transfusion O/E - jaundice/ ascites/ splenomegaly H/o epigastric pain/ NSAID intake/ antiplatelets If lower GI Bleed: H/o fever/ diarrhea Variceal bleed Ulcer bleed Infective causes (eg: Typhoid) Etiology H/o bleeding per rectum with concomitant yellow stools Hemorrhoids/ rectal lesion | 1 | page=1,block=81 | 0.700 | valid |
| What are some tests classified as desirable for assessing GI bleed? | Prothrombin time/ INR, liver function tests, blood urea and creatinine, HBsAg, Anti HCV | Desirable Tests: Prothrombin time/ INR, liver function tests, blood urea and creatinine, HBsAg, Anti HCV ultrasound abdomen X 5 days Systolic BP <90 mmHg H/O Syncope Altered sensorium Oxygen saturation <90% Age >60 years and/ or significant co-morbid conditions ASSESS FOR HIGH RISK (Classify as high risk if any of these are present) Pulse rate >100/min Refer all high risk cases after initial resuscitation Start supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min in high risk cases and those in shock Place a NG tube and perform lavage Stop antiplatelets and anticoagulants. If H/o recent myocardial infarction or stent placed, consult a cardiologist | 17 | list | 0.820 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/uploads/STWs/1726567564_gastrointestinal_bleed_part_a.pdf | Desirable Tests: Prothrombin time/ INR, liver function tests, blood urea and creatinine, HBsAg, Anti HCV ultrasound abdomen X 5 days Systolic BP <90 mmHg H/O Syncope Altered sensorium Oxygen saturation <90% Age >60 years and/ or significant co-morbid conditions ASSESS FOR HIGH RISK (Classify as high risk if any of these are present) Pulse rate >100/min Refer all high risk cases after initial resuscitation Start supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min in high risk cases and those in shock Place a NG tube and perform lavage Stop antiplatelets and anticoagulants. |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| valid |
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| 0.700 |
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| page=1,block=6 |
| 0.700 |
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| page=1,block=45 |
| 0.700 |
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