| What do Standard Treatment Guidelines aim to represent? | expert consensus based on a review of current published scientific evidence of acceptable approaches to diagnosis, management or prevention of specific conditions. | Standard Treatment Guidelines in India have been developed for various diseases and ailments by clinical and professional bodies for the treatment in their respective areas. . STGs are meant to reflect expert consensus based on a review of current published scientific evidence of acceptable approaches to diagnosis, management or prevention of specific conditions. In addition to supporting rational decision- making, other important uses of STGs are: Provide standardized guidance to practitioners. Guiding allocation of resources for health care; and estimating cost of health services. Making specific decisions about what health care to reimburse, cover, or encourage and in evaluating the decisions, actions, or performance of the primary users of guidelines. | 202 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | STGs are meant to reflect expert consensus based on a review of current published scientific evidence of acceptable approaches to diagnosis, management or prevention of specific conditions. In addition to supporting rational decision- making, other important uses of STGs are: Provide standardized guidance to practitioners. | 1 | page=1,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What do the authors state about the book's intended purpose? | it makes no pretension to being anything more than an introduction to the important conditions | While it is hoped that the book may prove to be a concise and ready reference, it makes no pretension to being anything more than an introduction to the important conditions; in no sense is it put forward as a complete treatise. Readers are advised to check the most current information. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on his/her own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnosis, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. Col Rajvir Bhalwar Col AK Jindal, YSM Wg Cdr Rajesh Vaidya | 79 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | While it is hoped that the book may prove to be a concise and ready reference, it makes no pretension to being anything more than an introduction to the important conditions; in no sense is it put forward as a complete treatise. | 2 | page=2,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the definition of a Standard Treatment Guideline? | a systematically developed statement designed to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances | The conditions were identified by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India & WHO Country Office, India in consultation with Heads of Departments of various specialties in Armed Forces Medical College, Pune. As regards diseases covered under National Health Programmes, it was decided to provide an abridged version of the Programme to the readers which focuses on the diagnostic & treatment Standard Treatment Guideline has been defined as a systematically developed statement designed to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances | 459 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | As regards diseases covered under National Health Programmes, it was decided to provide an abridged version of the Programme to the readers which focuses on the diagnostic & treatment Standard Treatment Guideline has been defined as a systematically developed statement designed to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances |
| What was the intended goal of creating the guidelines by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare and WHO Country Office, India? | providing a protocol for the health care system to follow that will produce improved patient care and outcomes | expertise in developing and implementing STGs exists only in the various pockets of health sector i.e. either in specific diseases or for specific state or geographical or administrative boundaries but these were never shared or reviewed and discussed at a common platform. It was therefore felt by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India & WHO Country Office, India that guidelines needed to be prepared with the ultimate goal of providing a protocol for the health care system to follow that will produce improved patient care and outcomes. a study was undertaken in this regard. It was decided to initially identify 35 medical conditions for which no National Programme Guidelines exist & thereafter develop STGs on these select conditions. | 451 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | It was therefore felt by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India & WHO Country Office, India that guidelines needed to be prepared with the ultimate goal of providing a protocol for the health care system to follow that will produce improved patient care and outcomes. |
| Why is medicine characterized as not being an exact science? | Signs & Symptoms as well as responses to treatment vary from one patient to another | The Standard Treatment Guidelines in Part I have been prepared by authors based on their experience & after consulting standard textbooks in the varied specialties of medical sciences.Authors have attempted to put themselves in the shoes of a doctor working with scarce resources especially at the Primary & Secondary level of care while drafting these guidelines. To the extent possible, standard case definitions have been used in drafting diagnostic, treatment & therapeutic modalities for each disease at the specified levels of health care. it needs no emphasis that these are mere guidelines & do not attempt to take the place of textbooks. Medicine, unlike most physical sciences, is not an exact science. Signs & Symptoms as well as responses to treatment vary from one patient to another though the underlying disease pathology may be similar. | 713 | definition | 1.000 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | Medicine, unlike most physical sciences, is not an exact science. Signs & Symptoms as well as responses to treatment vary from one patient to another though the underlying disease pathology may be similar. |
| What problem can arise when multiple treatment options are available for medical conditions? | confusion and, in many cases, incorrect treatment. | Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) have existed for as long as the art of healing has existed. Traditional healers developed their standard set of cures and passed them from generation to generation by word of mouth or in writings. In modern medicine, there is a definite thinking that there may be more than one treatment modality available for many medical conditions. This leads to confusion and, in many cases, incorrect treatment. Doctors, nurses, pharmacists, community health workers, and other health care providers, at times, learn about all of the treatments that could be used, instead of focusing on the best treatment that should be used. Casual observation, as well as more systematic study of prescribing practices, frequently reveals a pattern of tremendous diversity among prescribers in the treatment of even the most common conditions. | 387 | relationship | 0.970 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | This leads to confusion and, in many cases, incorrect treatment. Doctors, nurses, pharmacists, community health workers, and other health care providers, at times, learn about all of the treatments that could be used, instead of focusing on the best treatment that should be used. |
| Who collaborated with the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare to conduct the costing exercise for disease management? | the WHO Country Office, India | Costing of the disease management process at all four levels of health care was another aspect which has been attempted. This exercise has probably been conducted for the first time in the country for the selected medical conditions. This part of the Project was exclusively undertaken by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare in collaboration with the WHO Country Office, India.Armed Forces Medical College merely provided the inputs to the CostAccountant appointed by the MOHFW for this pioneering task. The costing sheets prepared for each of the STGs form the concluding part of this document. This important part of this document would help in estimating standard cost of health services covered by STGs which could be used for the purpose of health insurance or any other provider payment mechanism followed in the country. | 351 | relationship | 0.970 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | This part of the Project was exclusively undertaken by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare in collaboration with the WHO Country Office, India.Armed Forces Medical College merely provided the inputs to the CostAccountant appointed by the MOHFW for this pioneering task. |
| Why are Standard Treatment Guidelines important for healthcare in developing countries? | so that maximum patients derive benefit from the scarce available resources. | Other information on diagnosis and advice to the patient may also be included. Referral criteria from a lower level facility to a higher one are also an important aspect of Standard Treatment Guidelines. Experience shows that even the shortest essential drug list or formulary list offers ample opportunity to misuse drugs by improper treatment of common problems. essential drug programmes are finding that the development of standard treatments is necessary for therapeutically effective and economically efficient use of drugs. Standard treatments are used at different points of the therapeutic process. They may be used to diagnose, decide on treatment and drug supply, and assist with adherence to the prescribed treatment. The formulation of Standard Treatment Guidelines is a necessity for developing countries so that maximum patients derive benefit from the scarce available resources. | 819 | relationship | 0.970 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | The formulation of Standard Treatment Guidelines is a necessity for developing countries so that maximum patients derive benefit from the scarce available resources. |
| Why do essential drug programmes require the development of standard treatments? | for therapeutically effective and economically efficient use of drugs. | Other information on diagnosis and advice to the patient may also be included. Referral criteria from a lower level facility to a higher one are also an important aspect of Standard Treatment Guidelines. Experience shows that even the shortest essential drug list or formulary list offers ample opportunity to misuse drugs by improper treatment of common problems. essential drug programmes are finding that the development of standard treatments is necessary for therapeutically effective and economically efficient use of drugs. Standard treatments are used at different points of the therapeutic process. They may be used to diagnose, decide on treatment and drug supply, and assist with adherence to the prescribed treatment. The formulation of Standard Treatment Guidelines is a necessity for developing countries so that maximum patients derive benefit from the scarce available resources. | 460 | relationship | 0.970 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | essential drug programmes are finding that the development of standard treatments is necessary for therapeutically effective and economically efficient use of drugs. Standard treatments are used at different points of the therapeutic process. |
| What aspect of the National Health Programmes is highlighted in the abridged version provided to readers? | the diagnostic & treatment Standard Treatment Guideline | The conditions were identified by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India & WHO Country Office, India in consultation with Heads of Departments of various specialties in Armed Forces Medical College, Pune. As regards diseases covered under National Health Programmes, it was decided to provide an abridged version of the Programme to the readers which focuses on the diagnostic & treatment Standard Treatment Guideline has been defined as a systematically developed statement designed to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances | 383 | summary | 0.970 | https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/guidelines/nrhm-guidelines/stg/introduction-stg.pdf | As regards diseases covered under National Health Programmes, it was decided to provide an abridged version of the Programme to the readers which focuses on the diagnostic & treatment Standard Treatment Guideline has been defined as a systematically developed statement designed to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances |