497 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from 1769332788 File614, published by ncdc.mohfw.gov.in. The source is a 77-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include viral hepatitis, hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv), hepatitis e virus (hev), india, surveillance, prevention. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 149 factual, 100 list, 98 table, 84 relationship, 41 definition, 34 summary, 14 comparison. 254 of the 497 pairs (51.1%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 243 are factual or table-based questions. 99.40% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 497 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from a 77-page publication by ncdc.mohfw.gov.in. It focuses on viral hepatitis, including types A, B, C, D, and E, with topics ranging from transmission modes to treatment guidelines. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability. Questions are categorized into factual, list, table, relationship, definition, summary, and comparison types, with explanatory questions making up 51.1% of the dataset. The dataset provides insights into surveillance, prevention, and treatment strategies for hepatitis in India.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("ncdc-mohfw-gov-in-f399819947ca7600f19e076b438bd1c5")
df.head()First 10 of 497 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is symptomatic acute HCV infection linked to in terms of spontaneous clearance? | associated with a higher rate of spontaneous clearance than asymptomatic infection | As a general rule, most patients who are destined to spontaneously clear HCV viremia do so within 12 weeks and usually no later than 20 weeks after the onset of signs or symptoms. Symptomatic acute HCV infection is associated with a higher rate of spontaneous clearance than asymptomatic infection. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C is based on the detection of both HCV antibodies and HCV RNA in the presence of signs of chronic hepatitis, either by elevated aminotransferases or by histopathology. | 215 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | Symptomatic acute HCV infection is associated with a higher rate of spontaneous clearance than asymptomatic infection. | 20 | page=20,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the current practice regarding the discontinuation of NA(s) therapy? | not common practice to date | primary non-response or virological breakthrough on therapy. NA(s) discontinuation is not common practice to date. However, NA(s) may be discontinued in some patients. | 86 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | NA(s) discontinuation is not common practice to date. | 41 | page=41,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the definition of a complete response in the context of treatment outcomes? | defined as sustained off-treatment virological response together with loss of HBsAg | Histological response is defined as decrease in necroinflammatory activity (by≥2 points in HAI or Ishak’s system) without worsening in fibrosis compared to pre-treatment histologicalfindings. Complete response is defined as sustained off-treatment virological response together with loss of HBsAg. How to monitor treatment and stopping points[Figure 7 and 8] 1) Finite therapy with PEG-IFN: In patients treated with PEG-IFN, full blood counts and serum ALT levels should be monitored monthly and TSH should be monitored every 3 months. | 213 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | Complete response is defined as sustained off-treatment virological response together with loss of HBsAg. | 41 | page=41,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the global impact of viral hepatitis, particularly in resource-poor countries? | a global public health problem, particularly in resource-poor countries | HDV can cause infection only in the presence of HBV infection; hence an individual protected against HBV, is also protected against HDV. Disease burden Viral hepatitis is a global public health problem, particularly in resource-poor countries. It is estimated that complications of HBV or HCV infection led to nearly 1.4 million deaths in the year 2010. | 171 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | Disease burden Viral hepatitis is a global public health problem, particularly in resource-poor countries. | 7 | page=7,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the plan for infrastructure under the IDSP in medical colleges? | no new infrastructure built up and existing infrastructure of the medical colleges under IDSP will be strengthened | There are no new infrastructure built up and existing infrastructure of the medical colleges under IDSP will be strengthened. Funds will be transfer to medical college after signing MOU Sample collection and transport • A nodal person will be identified in the medical college for implementation and monitoring of project • The samples will be collected by the technician under the project in the medical college. | 10 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | There are no new infrastructure built up and existing infrastructure of the medical colleges under IDSP will be strengthened. | 67 | page=67,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of serological tests in the context of HBV? | used to distinguish acute, self-limited infections from chronic HBV infections and to monitor vaccine-induced immunity | Hepatitis B HBV diagnosis is accomplished by testing for a series of serological markers of HBV and by additional testing to exclude alternative etiological agents such as hepatitis A and C viruses. Serological tests are used to distinguish acute, self-limited infections from chronic HBV infections and to monitor vaccine-induced immunity. | 221 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | Serological tests are used to distinguish acute, self-limited infections from chronic HBV infections and to monitor vaccine-induced immunity. | 24 | page=24,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What type of virus is Hepatitis B virus, and what is its genome structure? | a DNA virus with small, circular, 3200-bp sized genome that consists of four overlapping genes: S, C, P, and X | Its virion contains four capsid polypeptides, designated VP1 to VP4, which are cleaved posttranslationally from the polyprotein product of a 7500-nucleotide genome. Hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus with small, circular, 3200-bp sized genome that consists of four overlapping genes: S, C, P, and X. HBV is one of a family of animal viruses, hepadnaviridae (hepatotropic DNA viruses), and is classified as heapdna virus type 1. | 186 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | Hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus with small, circular, 3200-bp sized genome that consists of four overlapping genes: S, C, P, and X. | 10 | page=10,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are the key symptoms of acute liver failure? | altered sensorium and bleeding tendency (coagulopathy) | Majority of people with acute viral hepatitis recover spontaneously within a few weeks, without any residual consequences. However in some persons, the illness is complicated by occurrence of a severe form of the disease, known as acute liver failure (ALF), which is characterized by altered sensorium and bleeding tendency (coagulopathy). Patients with ALF have a high case-fatality rate, in the absence of liver transplantation, which is either inaccessible or non-affordable for a large majority of Indian population. Infection with HBV, HCV, or HDV may present as acute hepatitis some time. these viruses have the potential to cause persistent infection in a subset of those infected. Such infection may be associated with ongoing liver damage, which may progress to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer and can become life-threatening. | 284 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | However in some persons, the illness is complicated by occurrence of a severe form of the disease, known as acute liver failure (ALF), which is characterized by altered sensorium and bleeding tendency (coagulopathy). | 7 | |||
| What are the primary aims of preventive measures for infectious diseases? | reduction or elimination of transmission of the agent | For any disease condition, prevention is often better than cure from both public health and clinical perspectives. Prevention is even more important when a particular condition is very common, is difficult to treat, is associated with serious health-related or economic consequences, and if preventive measures are simple, safe and cost-effective. For infectious diseases, preventive measures are aimed primarily at reduction or elimination of transmission of the agent. This results not only in reduction of new cases, thereby reducing the overall disease burden, morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditure, but eventually also in a reduced pool of infectious persons, contributing by itself to a reduced risk of disease transmission. Preventive measures for an infectious disease depend on its modes of spread. Various hepatitis viruses differ in their modes of transmission (Table 12). | 416 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | For infectious diseases, preventive measures are aimed primarily at reduction or elimination of transmission of the agent. | 53 | |||
| What is acute liver failure in adults characterized by? | the development of severe acute liver injury with encephalopathy and impaired synthetic function (INR of ≥1.5) in a patient without cirrhosis or preexisting liver disease | Hepatitis A Virus Infection: Because the disease is usually self-limited, the treatment is supportive. No particular diet has had a major impact on outcomes of patients with acute hepatitis A. no specific diet is recommended. Patients rarely require hospitalization except for those who develop acute hepatic failure. Acute liver failure in adults refers to the development of severe acute liver injury with encephalopathy and impaired synthetic function (INR of ≥1.5) in a patient without cirrhosis or preexisting liver disease. While the time course that differentiates acute liver failure from chronic liver failure varies between reports, a commonly used cut-off is an illness duration of <26 weeks .Acute liver failure can be subcategorized based upon how long the patient has been ill and various cutoffs have been used. | 358 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/resource/1769332788_File614.pdf | Acute liver failure in adults refers to the development of severe acute liver injury with encephalopathy and impaired synthetic function (INR of ≥1.5) in a patient without cirrhosis or preexisting liver disease. |
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| page=7,block=2 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| page=53,block=2 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 34 |
| page=34,block=2 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |