694 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from First Report, published by fincomindia.nic.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 334 of the 694 pairs (48.1%) are explanatory questions and 360 restate a figure. 99.42% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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Strong coverage with minor gaps in documentation or freshness.
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First 10 of 694 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is one reason for the rise in the net interest burden on the general budget? | the creation of public debt for financing revenue expenditure which by its very nature cannot yield any direct return | One of the major causes for the rise in the net interest burden on the general budget is the poor returns on the major investments of Central and the State Governments. Another cause is the creation of public debt for financing revenue expenditure which by its very nature cannot yield any direct return. | 186 | definition | 1.000 | Another cause is the creation of public debt for financing revenue expenditure which by its very nature cannot yield any direct return. | 10 | page=10,block=12 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are the estimated parameter values used for in relation to Gujarat's economic structure? | used to project the excise duty revenue that would have accrued in 1984- 85 given the economic structure of Gujarat | Only 12 major States where prohibition policy has not been in force were included. The resulting estimated parameter values are used to project the excise duty revenue that would have accrued in 1984- 85 given the economic structure of Gujarat. This was projected for 1989-90 by multiplying the group-specific buoyancy of State excise duty with the rate of growth of SDP in Gujarat reckoned on the basis of the past trend. | 128 | definition | 1.000 | The resulting estimated parameter values are used to project the excise duty revenue that would have accrued in 1984- 85 given the economic structure of Gujarat. | 18 | page=18,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What kind of disaster was the Bhopal Gas Leak Tragedy? | an industrial disaster of unprecedented magnitude | Bhopal Gas Leak Tragedy 10.17 The Bhopal Gas Leak Tragedy was an industrial disaster of unprecedented magnitude. The massive escape of lethal gas caused widespread death and destruction. | 62 | definition | 1.000 | The Bhopal Gas Leak Tragedy was an industrial disaster of unprecedented magnitude. | 47 | page=47,block=10 | 0.850 | valid |
| What restriction was applied when estimating the combined tax function? | estimated with a further linear restriction that the State-wise dummy coefficients add up to unity | A.22 The combined tax function was estimated with a further linear restriction that the State-wise dummy coefficients add up to unity. This restriction, if it holds true, would not only improve the overall efficiency of the regression results but also would directly yield the relative tax effort indices. | 35 | definition | 1.000 | The combined tax function was estimated with a further linear restriction that the State-wise dummy coefficients add up to unity. | 106 | page=106,block=6 | 0.850 | valid |
| What supports the argument for assigning expenditure decisions to sub-national governments? | Decentralisation of the provision of public services | Also, the local and regional units of government could provide services within their respective jurisdictions and raise the resources needed to meet the costs from the residents under their jurisdictions and those who benefit from the services. In this way, there will be a linking of revenue-raising and expenditure decisions which can be expected to result in economy and responsibility in the management of public funds. Decentralisation of the provision of public services also satisfies the political aspirations of the peoples of different regions for autonomous action in matters mainly affecting their welfare. There is therefore a strong case for assignment of expenditure decisions in a wide range of activities to the sub- national governments or States, even in a quasi-federal set-up. 2. | 424 | definition | 1.000 | In this way, there will be a linking of revenue-raising and expenditure decisions which can be expected to result in economy and responsibility in the management of public funds. Decentralisation of the provision of public services also satisfies the political aspirations of the peoples of different regions for autonomous action in matters mainly affecting their welfare. | ||||
| What is the main responsibility of the Centre that impacts the financial stability of State Governments? | the maintenance of price stability | The Centre bears the larger responsibility in that it is primarily responsible for the maintenance of price stability without which the finances of the State Government, weak as they are individually, are thrown out of gear. | 83 | definition | 1.000 | The Centre bears the larger responsibility in that it is primarily responsible for the maintenance of price stability without which the finances of the State Government, weak as they are individually, are thrown out of gear. | 12 | page=12,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the process of assessing revenue receipts using norms require? | the estimation of revenue capacity, which in turn requires the estimation of taxable and non-tax revenue capacities | 3. As we have indicated in Chapter II, although the application of norms to both revenue receipts and expenditures is desirable,1989-90 being the last year of the Seventh Plan, a sudden departure from the approach adopted by the last Commission would tend to nullify the assumptions on the financing of the Plan and dislocate the planning process already initiated. Keeping this in view, and considering that our exercise for 1989- 90 provides an opportunity for working out a gradual transition to a more rigorous application of the normative approach, we have adopted the norms selectively in our assessment of revenue receipts and revenue expenditures of the Centre and of the States for the year 1989-90. 3. Normative assessment of revenue receipts involves the estimation of revenue capacity, which in turn requires the estimation of taxable and non-tax revenue capacities. | 762 | definition | 1.000 | Normative assessment of revenue receipts involves the estimation of revenue capacity, which in turn requires the estimation of taxable and non-tax revenue capacities. | 16 | page=16,block=4 | ||
| What does comparing normative estimates with trend estimates reveal about different States? | the magnitude of relative undertaxation and overtaxation in different States | In the case of States falling short of the targetted ARM through taxes, the difference subject to a maximum of 10per cent of the target was added to the estimated 1989-90 yield of ARM measures undertaken upto 1988-89. 3. The comparison of the normative estimates with trend estimates indicates the magnitude of relative undertaxation and overtaxation in different States. We find that in the case of some States, there is relatively substantial undertaxation and it would be too difficult for them to "catch up" in one year. To be realistic, and to mitigate the harshness arising from the sudden adoption of normative approach, we have moderated the normative estimates. in cases where the normative estimates are higher than the trend estimates, we have moderated the normative estimates by adding 50 per cent of the shortfall, subject to a maximum of 15 per cent of the trend estimates. | 294 | definition | 1.000 | The comparison of the normative estimates with trend estimates indicates the magnitude of relative undertaxation and overtaxation in different States. | 17 | page=17,block=1 | ||
| How were normative estimates for the States derived? | by judging relative performance on the basis of the covariance model | Tax Revenues 4. While in the case of the States, revenue receipts can be normatively assessed by making relative comparisons, in the case of the Central Government such comparisons are not possible. Given the vast differences in economic conditions between countries, international comparisons to arrive at normative tax- income ratios also would not be appropriate. 4. Although for the individual States the normative estimates have been derived by judging relative performance on the basis of the covariance model, given that these norms are behaviourial, the normative estimates for 1984-85 for the States as a whole approximate the actuals for the year. | 447 | definition | 1.000 | Although for the individual States the normative estimates have been derived by judging relative performance on the basis of the covariance model, given that these norms are behaviourial, the normative estimates for 1984-85 for the States as a whole approximate the actuals for the year. | 24 | page=24,block=6 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is considered consistent with the social purposes of public enterprises? | profit making by the public enterprises | 4. The vast investments made in the public enterprises by the Government of India should yield a reasonable return by way of interest and dividends. The public enterprises should generate surpluses and contribute to the mainstream of development. We view profit making by the public enterprises as quite consistent with their social purposes. In this context, we cannot but express our deep concern about the low returns on the huge investments made in public sector enterprises. We believe that financial profitability should be an important yard-stick for evaluating the enterprises. The public sector is required to be an engine of growth, rather than a drag on government resources. The present profile of the public sector which is marked by low, quite often negative, return is untenable. | 255 | definition | 1.000 | We view profit making by the public enterprises as quite consistent with their social purposes. | 25 | page=25,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
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| 8 |
| page=8,block=1 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 0.700 |
| valid |