1862 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from 15th FC Vol I Digitised, published by fincomindia.nic.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 1316 of the 1862 pairs (70.7%) are explanatory questions and 546 restate a figure. 98.44% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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First 10 of 1,862 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What role does the nation play in vaccine production? | a global leader in the scale and speed of vaccine production | Researchers around the world, including in India, are developing more than 150 vaccines and several of them are in advanced stages for trials of safety and effectiveness. Our nation is a global leader in the scale and speed of vaccine production. While uncertainties are high, it is likely that a vaccine will be developed in the finite future. | 185 | definition | 1.000 | Our nation is a global leader in the scale and speed of vaccine production. | 20 | page=20,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What area is the focus of attention in the rural economy? | the rural economy, where we have focused on agriculture and the maintenance of rural roads | Both these sectors face unprecedented challenges with the pandemic and are both public goods with huge multiplier benefits for human capital and growth. Second is the rural economy, where we have focused on agriculture and the maintenance of rural roads. The rural economy plays a significant role in the country as it encompasses two-thirds of the country's population, 70 per cent of the total workforce and 46 per cent of national income. | 163 | definition | 1.000 | Second is the rural economy, where we have focused on agriculture and the maintenance of rural roads. | 31 | page=31,block=6 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is identified as an important requirement for transfers? | the need for stability and predictability in transfers | 6.40 Another important lesson is the need for stability and predictability in transfers. Hence, the three principles of need, equity and efficiency ought to be carefully balanced in assigning weightages within the formula. | 33 | definition | 1.000 | Another important lesson is the need for stability and predictability in transfers. | 177 | page=177,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of the basic grant for gram panchayats and municipalities? | intended to be used to improve the status of specified basic civic services | For duly constituted gram panchayats, the ratio between the unconditional basic grant and conditional performance grant was 90:10 and for municipalities the ratio was 80:20. The basic grant was intended to be used to improve the status of specified basic civic services. The performance grant was based on revenue improvement, with the criteria (including the quantum of incentive to be given) left to be determined by State Governments. | 194 | definition | 1.000 | The basic grant was intended to be used to improve the status of specified basic civic services. | 192 | page=192,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the basis for awarding the performance grant to local governments? | based on revenue improvement, with the criteria (including the quantum of incentive to be given) left to be determined by State Governments | The basic grant was intended to be used to improve the status of specified basic civic services. The performance grant was based on revenue improvement, with the criteria (including the quantum of incentive to be given) left to be determined by State Governments. In order to be eligible for performance grants, the local governments would have to show an increase in own source of revenue and also submit audited annual accounts. | 123 | definition | 1.000 | The performance grant was based on revenue improvement, with the criteria (including the quantum of incentive to be given) left to be determined by State Governments. | 192 | page=192,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the primary role of the Finance Commission? | to allocate revenues across levels of government | In this spirit, and in this time, we seek not only to fulfil the traditional mandate of the Finance Commission to allocate revenues across levels of government, but also to put in place and reinforce the structures, habits and building blocks to increase our adaptability as a nation, a Union of States, and a partner in a more sustainable global trajectory for human development. | 111 | definition | 1.000 | In this spirit, and in this time, we seek not only to fulfil the traditional mandate of the Finance Commission to allocate revenues across levels of government, but also to put in place and reinforce the structures, habits and building blocks to increase our adaptability as a nation, a Union of States, and a partner in a more sustainable global trajectory for human development. | 20 | page=20,block=5 | 0.700 | valid |
| What concept is fundamental to a reliable fiscal policy framework? | the concept of an anchor | A credible and transparently measured fiscal policy framework is one that is rule-based, with clearly delineated affordances to ensure resilience in the face of change. We must be firm, but flexibly so, to avoid fragility. 1. Central to a credible framework is the concept of an anchor, which ties down the final goal of policy and helps the expectations of economic agents adjust accordingly. By acting as a constraint on policy discretion, an anchor dis-incentivises time inconsistencies, including pressures from diverse special interest groups. Central to resilience, however, is the ability to adjust that anchor in specific ways in exceptional circumstances. | 261 | definition | 1.000 | Central to a credible framework is the concept of an anchor, which ties down the final goal of policy and helps the expectations of economic agents adjust accordingly. | 26 | page=26,block=5 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is considered a key safeguard against negative outcomes during difficult periods? | bounded flexibility, a bit more play than required in normal times | As we have often seen, many a ship has been set entirely adrift and dashed on the rocks by storms that snapped their anchor ropes; thus, bounded flexibility, a bit more play than required in normal times, is needed and is an important buffer against this outcome. 1. Fiscal uncertainty is now at an all-time high amid the pandemic. Nominal GDP and government revenues are already contracting in 2020-21, and placing distinct upward pressure on Union and State fiscal and debt positions. This upward pressure is unavoidable, at a time when growth destruction must be mitigated and income support extended. This is reason to consider flexibility. These are extraordinary times. 1. Yet, we believe that in the medium term, fiscal policies must be embedded in caution rather than exuberance, in restraint rather than profligacy. | 137 | definition | 1.000 | As we have often seen, many a ship has been set entirely adrift and dashed on the rocks by storms that snapped their anchor ropes; thus, bounded flexibility, a bit more play than required in normal times, is needed and is an important buffer against this outcome. | 26 | |||
| What should fiscal policies be embedded in during the medium term? | caution rather than exuberance, in restraint rather than profligacy | As we have often seen, many a ship has been set entirely adrift and dashed on the rocks by storms that snapped their anchor ropes; thus, bounded flexibility, a bit more play than required in normal times, is needed and is an important buffer against this outcome. 1. Fiscal uncertainty is now at an all-time high amid the pandemic. Nominal GDP and government revenues are already contracting in 2020-21, and placing distinct upward pressure on Union and State fiscal and debt positions. This upward pressure is unavoidable, at a time when growth destruction must be mitigated and income support extended. This is reason to consider flexibility. These are extraordinary times. 1. Yet, we believe that in the medium term, fiscal policies must be embedded in caution rather than exuberance, in restraint rather than profligacy. | 756 | definition | 1.000 | Yet, we believe that in the medium term, fiscal policies must be embedded in caution rather than exuberance, in restraint rather than profligacy. | 26 | page=26,block=5 | 0.700 | valid |
| What new approach has been taken regarding fiscal support for States and local governments? | a new stance of rewarding outcomes | We have also, as we discuss further below, adopted a new stance of rewarding outcomes, while maintaining the level of fiscal support for States and local governments, and to innovate in achieving them. Throughout the report, we have emphasised outcomes, with States free to choose inputs suited to local context. This is an important re-orientation that opens up lots of possibilities for innovation but also creates new demands on the systems for measuring and attributing outcomes. 1. Our forecast assumes a gradual return to a trend real GDP growth of around 7 per cent; we do assume scarring effects for workers and businesses to look less severe than feared. At the same time, the Commission was cognisant of the need to account for the uncertainties and risks in both directions following the unprecedented global shock. | 51 | definition | 1.000 | We have also, as we discuss further below, adopted a new stance of rewarding outcomes, while maintaining the level of fiscal support for States and local governments, and to innovate in achieving them. | 27 | page=27,block=5 | 0.700 |
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| page=26,block=5 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| valid |