2229 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from 11th FC Digitised, published by fincomindia.nic.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 900 of the 2229 pairs (40.4%) are explanatory questions and 1329 restate a figure. 99.33% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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First 10 of 2,229 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is described as a 'ticking time bomb' related to public sector financial liabilities? | the ballooning of pension liabilities of the public sector, a “ticking time bomb”, as some would say | fragmentation of the base of income tax and excise duties. Another is the ballooning of pension liabilities of the public sector, a “ticking time bomb”, as some would say. The former may need a change in the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution and the latter, some viable scheme of pension funding. | 70 | definition | 1.000 | Another is the ballooning of pension liabilities of the public sector, a “ticking time bomb”, as some would say. | 23 | page=23,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What accompanied the decline to 3.7 per cent in 1998-99? | a price stability not seen before | It fell in 1998-99 to 3.7 per cent. Alongside there was a price stability not seen before. But the fiscal side already contained seeds of instability. | 56 | definition | 1.000 | Alongside there was a price stability not seen before. | 28 | page=28,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are some taxes that States can levy but are underutilized? | a few other taxes which the States can levy but remain unexploited or under exploited | 3.45 There are a few other taxes which the States can levy but remain unexploited or under exploited. Taxation of agricultural incomes is one of them and profession tax is another. | 15 | definition | 1.000 | There are a few other taxes which the States can levy but remain unexploited or under exploited. | 34 | page=34,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of the computed ratio in measuring fiscal discipline? | used to measure the improvement in the index of fiscal discipline in a reference period in comparison to a base period | For working out this index, we have adopted the improvement in the ratio of own revenue receipts of a State to its total revenue expenditure related to a similar ratio for all States as a criterion for measurement. The ratio so computed is used to measure the improvement in the index of fiscal discipline in a reference period in comparison to a base period. For the base period, we have taken the average for the three-year period from 1990- 91 to 1992-93. | 240 | definition | 1.000 | The ratio so computed is used to measure the improvement in the index of fiscal discipline in a reference period in comparison to a base period. | 64 | page=64,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is comparable to the situation in Bihar regarding per capita NPRE for low-income states? | the case with a few other low income States | For instance, in Bihar the per capita NPRE for the year 2000-01 works out to less than 60 per cent of the average of the general category States. Similar is the case with a few other low income States. Even with the State’s share in Central taxes recommended by the Commission, the per capita revenue capacity of Bihar remains at well below the group average for the year 2000-01. | 157 | definition | 1.000 | Similar is the case with a few other low income States. | 127 | page=127,block=6 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the relationship between Union Territories and the Central Government? | not part of the Central Government | Union Territories are not part of the Central Government. These are separate entities. | 22 | definition | 1.000 | Union Territories are not part of the Central Government. | 174 | page=174,block=28 | 0.850 | valid |
| What criteria were used to evaluate the financial needs of the States? | made on the basis of past trends as well as certain norms considered desirable for equity and efficiency | In order to ascertain whether any State would require grants-in-aid of revenues to meet their budget gap after taking into account the enhanced devolution of income tax and Union excise duties, the Commission looked into the forecast of revenues and expenditures furnished by the States as well as those of the Centre to make a preliminary assessment of their finances. The assessment was made on the basis of past trends as well as certain norms considered desirable for equity and efficiency. The memoranda received from many of the State governments also urge us to follow the normative approach in our assessment of the revenue gaps of the States. | 389 | definition | 1.000 | The assessment was made on the basis of past trends as well as certain norms considered desirable for equity and efficiency. | 303 | page=303,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What does the RBI analysis define the structural deficit as? | the discretionary policy actions of an expansionary fiscal stance of the government | 2. According to an analysis carried out in the RBI, factors influencing the budget outcomes in India are mainly structural, and not cyclical. Structural deficit, defined as a product of “the discretionary policy actions of an expansionary fiscal stance of the government” measured as a proportion of GDP registered an increase during the 1980s accounting for more than 100 per cent of the FD of the Centre in the late eighties. Following the reforms initiated in the wake of the balance of payments crisis of 1991, the structural deficit went down, yet accounted for over 86 per cent of the FD. Structural factors were found to be dominant in the case of the States also7 . 2. | 187 | definition | 1.000 | Structural deficit, defined as a product of “the discretionary policy actions of an expansionary fiscal stance of the government” measured as a proportion of GDP registered an increase during the 1980s accounting for more than 100 per cent of the FD of the Centre in the late eighties. | 16 | page=16,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is a critical institution in the fiscal arena of a federal economy? | the structure of federal fiscal relations particularly the system of intergovernmental fiscal transfers | Tax enforcement may be enfeebled not only by the inadequacy of administrative resources but also the shortcomings of the legal system in bringing tax offenders speedily to book. The inadequacy of autonomy and accountability of management of public enterprises may be as responsible for the poor return from public investments as pricing policies that affect their financial results. Deficiencies of the system of budgeting and public expenditure management and absence of a binding budget constraint on governments also constitute another source of structural weakness of the government finances in the country. 2. Among the institutions that play a vital role in the fiscal arena of a federal economy, a critical one is the structure of federal fiscal relations particularly the system of intergovernmental fiscal transfers. | 721 | definition | 1.000 | Among the institutions that play a vital role in the fiscal arena of a federal economy, a critical one is the structure of federal fiscal relations particularly the system of intergovernmental fiscal transfers. | 18 | page=18,block=5 | ||
| What role does the Finance Commission play in India’s fiscal federalism? | the task of mediating the flow of federal revenues to the States to a constitutional body like the Finance Commission | The mandate to entrust the task of mediating the flow of federal revenues to the States to a constitutional body like the Finance Commission appointed by the President, is a unique feature of India’s fiscal federalism. It is fair to say that the institution of the Finance Commission has served the country well, testified by the fact that the Finance Commission’s recommendations relating to fiscal transfers are generally accepted and rarely have been departed from. deficiencies have surfaced in the working of the transfer system in the last fifty years, which, unless properly remedied, can impede the reforms required to restore budgetary balance on an enduring basis and can even debilitate both the economy and the polity grievously. | 23 | definition | 1.000 | The mandate to entrust the task of mediating the flow of federal revenues to the States to a constitutional body like the Finance Commission appointed by the President, is a unique feature of India’s fiscal federalism. | 18 | page=18,block=5 | 0.700 |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| valid |