| How is the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) derived? | as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births, reported under the SRS | The key statistics presented in this Bulletin on Maternal Mortality are as follows: • Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): This is derived as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births, reported under the SRS. • Maternal Mortality Rate: This is calculated as maternal deaths to women in the ages 15-49 per lakh of women in that age group, reported under SRS. • The life time risk is defined as the probability that at least one women of reproductive age(15-49) will die due to child birth or puerperium assuming that chance of death is uniformly distributed across the entire reproductive span and has been worked out using the following formula: | 134 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | The key statistics presented in this Bulletin on Maternal Mortality are as follows: • Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): This is derived as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births, reported under the SRS. | 2 | page=2,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does maternal mortality measure in a region? | reproductive health of women in the area | Maternal mortality in a region is a measure of reproductive health of women in the area. Many women in reproductive age-span die due to complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth or abortion. As per World Health Organization, “Maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes”. 2. One of the key indicators of maternal mortality is the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) which is defined as the number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. | 47 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | Maternal mortality in a region is a measure of reproductive health of women in the area. | 1 | page=1,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the life time risk measure? | the probability that at least one women of reproductive age(15-49) will die due to child birth or puerperium | The key statistics presented in this Bulletin on Maternal Mortality are as follows: • Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): This is derived as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births, reported under the SRS. • Maternal Mortality Rate: This is calculated as maternal deaths to women in the ages 15-49 per lakh of women in that age group, reported under SRS. • The life time risk is defined as the probability that at least one women of reproductive age(15-49) will die due to child birth or puerperium assuming that chance of death is uniformly distributed across the entire reproductive span and has been worked out using the following formula: | 405 | definition | 0.980 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | • The life time risk is defined as the probability that at least one women of reproductive age(15-49) will die due to child birth or puerperium assuming that chance of death is uniformly distributed across the entire reproductive span and has been worked out using the following formula: | 2 | page=2,block=2 |
| What is the Maternal Mortality Rate? | maternal deaths to women in the ages 15-49 per lakh of women in that age group, reported under SRS | The key statistics presented in this Bulletin on Maternal Mortality are as follows: • Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): This is derived as the proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births, reported under the SRS. • Maternal Mortality Rate: This is calculated as maternal deaths to women in the ages 15-49 per lakh of women in that age group, reported under SRS. • The life time risk is defined as the probability that at least one women of reproductive age(15-49) will die due to child birth or puerperium assuming that chance of death is uniformly distributed across the entire reproductive span and has been worked out using the following formula: | 270 | definition | 0.980 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | • Maternal Mortality Rate: This is calculated as maternal deaths to women in the ages 15-49 per lakh of women in that age group, reported under SRS. | 2 | page=2,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)? | the number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period | Maternal mortality in a region is a measure of reproductive health of women in the area. Many women in reproductive age-span die due to complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth or abortion. As per World Health Organization, “Maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes”. 2. One of the key indicators of maternal mortality is the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) which is defined as the number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. | 632 | definition | 0.980 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | One of the key indicators of maternal mortality is the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) which is defined as the number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. | 1 |
| How has India's Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) changed from 2014-2016 to 2016-18? | declined to 113 in 2016-18 from 122 in 2015-17 and 130 in 2014-2016 | 4. In order to understand the maternal mortality situation in the country better and to map the changes that have taken place, especially at the regional levels, States have been categorized into three groups namely, “Empowered Action Group” (EAG) States comprising Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh & Uttarakhand and Assam; “Southern” States which include Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu; and “Other” States covering the remaining States/UTs; as was done in the previous reports. It is heartening that the Maternal Mortality Ratio of India has declined to 113 in 2016-18 from 122 in 2015-17 and 130 in 2014-2016, as indicated in the graph below. 5. | 620 | summary | 0.970 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | It is heartening that the Maternal Mortality Ratio of India has declined to 113 in 2016-18 from 122 in 2015-17 and 130 in 2014-2016, as indicated in the graph below. | 2 | page=2,block=2 | 0.700 |
| What is done to improve the reliability of maternal mortality estimates when maternal deaths are rare events? | pooling the three years data to yield reliable estimates of maternal mortality | The maternal deaths being a rare event require prohibitively large sample size to provide robust estimates. In order to enhance the SRS sample size, the results have been derived by following the practice of pooling the three years data to yield reliable estimates of maternal mortality. Further, in order to take care of the undercount, mainly on account of out-migration as VA forms during the period were administered after the conduct of the SRS Half Yearly Surveys, the actual number of maternal deaths for each state has been multiplied by a ‘Correction Factor’. | 208 | summary | 0.970 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | In order to enhance the SRS sample size, the results have been derived by following the practice of pooling the three years data to yield reliable estimates of maternal mortality. | 2 | page=2,block=7 | 0.700 | valid |
| Which states are included in the 'Empowered Action Group' (EAG) category? | Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh & Uttarakhand and Assam | 4. In order to understand the maternal mortality situation in the country better and to map the changes that have taken place, especially at the regional levels, States have been categorized into three groups namely, “Empowered Action Group” (EAG) States comprising Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh & Uttarakhand and Assam; “Southern” States which include Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu; and “Other” States covering the remaining States/UTs; as was done in the previous reports. It is heartening that the Maternal Mortality Ratio of India has declined to 113 in 2016-18 from 122 in 2015-17 and 130 in 2014-2016, as indicated in the graph below. 5. | 266 | list | 0.820 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | In order to understand the maternal mortality situation in the country better and to map the changes that have taken place, especially at the regional levels, States have been categorized into three groups namely, “Empowered Action Group” (EAG) States comprising Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh & Uttarakhand and Assam; “Southern” States which include Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu; and “Other” States covering the remaining States/UTs; as was done in the previous reports. |
| What are some causes of maternal mortality? | complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth or abortion | Maternal mortality in a region is a measure of reproductive health of women in the area. Many women in reproductive age-span die due to complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth or abortion. As per World Health Organization, “Maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes”. 2. One of the key indicators of maternal mortality is the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) which is defined as the number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. | 136 | list | 0.780 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | Many women in reproductive age-span die due to complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth or abortion. | 1 | page=1,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the Sample Registration System (SRS) provide estimates for? | fertility and mortality | The target 3.1 of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) set by United Nations aims at reducing the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births. 3. The Office of the Registrar General, India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, apart from conducting Population Census and monitoring the implementation of Registration of Births and Deaths Act in the country, has been giving estimates on fertility and mortality using the Sample Registration System (SRS). SRS is the largest demographic sample survey in the country that among other indicators provide direct estimates of maternal mortality through a nationally representative sample. Verbal Autopsy (VA) instruments are administered for the deaths reported under the SRS on a regular basis to yield cause-specific mortality profile in the country. | 412 | list | 0.740 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/34781/download/38469/SRS_MMR_Bulletin_2016_2018.pdf | The Office of the Registrar General, India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, apart from conducting Population Census and monitoring the implementation of Registration of Births and Deaths Act in the country, has been giving estimates on fertility and mortality using the Sample Registration System (SRS). |