| What is the South Madras Division's enumeration attributed to? | the result of the attitude of many -Muslims in recent years | South Madras Diviaion enumerated- is the result of the attitude of many -Muslims in recent years. The Moplas of 7,864 Malabar speak 1,500 only Malayalam as their mother- .54 tongue. | 37 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | South Madras Diviaion enumerated- is the result of the attitude of many -Muslims in recent years. | 56 | page=56,block=76 | 0.850 | valid |
| What was the linguistic composition of Dhanbad in 1931, and what controversy is it associated with? | a Hindj majority area even in 1931 and the language controversy between Bihar and West Bengal ts centred mainly round Man- bhum Sadr | Dhanbad was a Hindj majority area even in 1931 and the language controversy between Bihar and West Bengal ts centred mainly round Man- bhum Sadr. I have analysed the figures for each census tract in Manbhum Sadr. | 12 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | Dhanbad was a Hindj majority area even in 1931 and the language controversy between Bihar and West Bengal ts centred mainly round Man- bhum Sadr. | 43 | page=43,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| How was mother-tongue defined in the instructions to enumerators for the 1951 Census? | the language spoken by a person from the cradle | Instructions to Enumerators.-Two out of the fourteen questions of the 1951 Census Ques- tionnaire related to languages. These two ques- tions wore as follows :- (i) What is your mother tongue ~ (ii) What ot,her Indian language do you commonly speak? In the Instructions issued to enumerators in this regard, mother-tongue was defined as the language spoken by a person from the cradle. The Enu- meratorlf w~re. however, directed, in case of ~nfants and deai-mutes, to ascertain and record the mother-tongue of the mother. Thp. | 337 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | These two ques- tions wore as follows :- (i) What is your mother tongue ~ (ii) What ot,her Indian language do you commonly speak? In the Instructions issued to enumerators in this regard, mother-tongue was defined as the language spoken by a person from the cradle. | 76 | page=76,block=30 | 0.700 | valid |
| What did the answers to the question on bilingualism concern? | daily use, and not knowledge, of diffe- rent Indian languages | The percentage of bi-lingualisID in tills group was high. It ranged between 36 per cent in the case of Tamil speakers, and 49 per cent in the case of speakers of Bengali. The distinguishing feature of this group was that Hindi outclassed in im- portance any other language as the language in ~1 T.Al3Lln which speakers of Tamil, Puniabi, English, Malayalam and Bengali were bi-,lingual. The answers to the question on bi-lingualism concerned daily use, and not knowledge, of diffe- rent Indian languages. Only one subsidiary langu- age was to be recorded. | 442 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | The answers to the question on bi-lingualism concerned daily use, and not knowledge, of diffe- rent Indian languages. | 63 | page=63,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is Bhili generally considered a dialect of? | the principal language of the distriot, either Marathi or Gujarati | There was some discussion after the 1921 census about the utility of the language statistics re. corded at the census, particularJy as the language figures extracted at the 1921 census showed wide divergence in some cases from the figures compiled by the Linguistic Survey. In respect of the main languages, and particularly the areas where the main languages were predominant, however, the census figures have always bebn very reliable. In respect of dialects, like Bhili, the probabilities of dj:ff'erences would be greater, since enumerators are not grammarians or philo~ logical experts. Bhili, the sixth language on t.he list, is generally a dialect of the principal language of the distriot, either Marathi or Gujarati. 1n the case of the tiny new district of the Dangs, formed in 1948, a controversy arose regarding the language spoken by the Adivasis of the area. | 658 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | Bhili, the sixth language on t.he list, is generally a dialect of the principal language of the distriot, either Marathi or Gujarati. | 60 |
| What is a characteristic feature of Gondi and other tribal languages in the State? | Gondi has no script or litera- ture. | 6. Marathi, the other regional language of th,e State, has slightly lost its position since 1931, the proportion of Marathi speakers in the popula- tion being 1 per cent less at this census than that in 1931. 7. The proportion of speakers of Gondi, the language of the principal tribe of the State, has fallen by 1'2 per cent since 1931. Like all other tribal languages, Gondi has no script or litera- ture. The diminution in the proportion of speakers of Gondi is typical of many other tribal languages. | 371 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | Like all other tribal languages, Gondi has no script or litera- ture. The diminution in the proportion of speakers of Gondi is typical of many other tribal languages. | 72 | page=72,block=13 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is noted about the Kharia language in terms of its composition? | a Iargl3 admixture of' Hindi (or rather Bihari) | The proportion of persons speaking Santali in fact has gone up sinoe 1931 when it was 4.1 per cent to 4.4 per cent in 1951. Mahali and Karmali which are practically sub-diakcts of Santali would seem to be fast dis- appearing. Other minor dialects, such as, Asuri, Turi, Kora. Birhor and Agaria dialects have also declined very considerably since 1931. Korwa is alao on the decline, but there has been an increase in the return for Birjia, though the numbers involved are quite small. Kharia has a Iargl3 admixture of' Hindi (or rather Bihari), and it was regarded as a dying language even 50 years ago, but though there has been, undoubtedly, some decline in the number of persons speaking Kharia Binoo 1931, the total. 1951 figure for Kltaria is tho same as in 1931. | 495 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | Kharia has a Iargl3 admixture of' Hindi (or rather Bihari), and it was regarded as a dying language even 50 years ago, but though there has been, undoubtedly, some decline in the number of persons speaking Kharia Binoo 1931, the total. | 41 |
| What is one requirement for a language to be included as a tribal language in the Constitution? | they are known to be spoken as the mother-tongue, by the members of Scheduled Tribes as specified In the Constitution (Scheduled Tripes) Order, I950 | are distinguished from others by two facts = First, they are known to be spoken as the mother-tongue, by the members of Scheduled Tribes as specified In the Constitution (Scheduled Tripes) Order, I950 ; and Secondly, the number of speakers of the language (or dialect) exceeds one lakh. These languages have been arranged in order of the number of speakers. Column 2 of the table gives the total number of speakers and Column 3 gives the number of speakers in each Zone. 7. TABLE III-OTHER INDIAN LANGUAGES (OR DIALECTS) WITH SPEAKERS NUMBERING A LAKH AND OVER.-The names of twenty-four such languages (or dialects) have been returned. They are shown in this table in the same manner as in Table II. 8. TABLE IV-OTHER INDIAN LANGUAGES (OR DIALECTS) WITH SPEAKERS NUMBERING LESS THAN A LAKH.-There are seven hundred and twenty languages (or dialects) which are included in this table. | 52 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | are distinguished from others by two facts = First, they are known to be spoken as the mother-tongue, by the members of Scheduled Tribes as specified In the Constitution (Scheduled Tripes) Order, I950 ; and Secondly, the number of speakers of the language (or dialect) exceeds one lakh. |
| What is the nature of Grierson's classification of languages? | a highly technical classification with which the common people are altogether unfamiliar | The main cause for decrease is the assimilation of the settlers. Other languages are spoken by an insignificant - number of people and call for no comments. 8. Mother-tongues foreign to the State. Mention has alrcady been made of the mother-tongues foreign to the state returned in this census and how several of them have shown an increase. The figuros give information about the number and nationality of immigrants and visitors to the state who have not yet become merged in the resident population. 9. Grierson's Classification of mother-tongues. Subsichary Table 7.4 exhibits the languages returned in this censuS according t::> Grierdon's classification of languages into family and sub- famjIy, branch and sub-branch, group and sub- group. This is a highly technical classification with which the common people are altogether unfamiliar. | 755 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | This is a highly technical classification with which the common people are altogether unfamiliar. | 37 | page=37,block=11 |
| What is the origin of the term 'Are' used in Telugu areas? | presumably a corruption for Arya | Are, presumably a corruption for Arya, is the term by which all l\farathi castes are generally referred to in Telugu areas. The Inkaris or the Nethakanis are Marathi weavers also settled in the same tracts. Charmewari has been returned from Marathi areas as the mother-tongue of immigrant weavers coming from Telugu districts. The mo- ther-tongue of the weavers from Gujarat, who are found all over the State, passes under diverse names, Khatri, Patkari, Patwegiri, etc. The mother-tongue of Yerukalas, Kaikadis and Kora- vas are presumably one and the Sanl.e dialect of a. dravidian origin. But the Yerukalas have taken to an increasing extent to Telugu, the Kaikadis .to Marathi and the Koravas to Kannada. This assimilation of different languages in different de- g"':_ees is the cause for their mother-tongue being sometimes treated as distinct from each other. | 5 | definition | 1.000 | https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31295/download/34476/23902_1951_LA.pdf | Are, presumably a corruption for Arya, is the term by which all l\farathi castes are generally referred to in Telugu areas. | 77 | page=77,block=6 |