35 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Grape Powdery Mildew, published by agritech.tnau.ac.in. The source is a 4-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include powdery mildew, erysiphe necator, grape vines, new mexico, fungicides, chasmothecia, ascospores, conidia. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 11 list, 10 factual, 10 relationship, 3 definition, 1 summary. 25 of the 35 pairs (71.4%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 10 are factual or table-based questions. 97.14% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 35 extractive question-and-answer pairs focused on grape powdery mildew, derived from a 4-page publication by agritech.tnau.ac.in. The questions cover topics such as symptoms, cultural practices, fungicide modes of action, and lifecycle details of the fungus Erysiphe necator. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability to the original material. The dataset includes explanatory, factual, and list-based questions, with a majority aimed at providing detailed explanations.
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https://www.desidata.in/api/datasets/agritech-tnau-ac-in-67d50cc1bba9d8d2014f1fd2025520dc/downloadDataset downloads are free. For Python or API downloads, sign in once and create a free DD token; set it as DD_TOKEN or save it in your notebook's secrets. Requests are linked to your account so your download history and counts stay accurate.
# One-time install: pip install desidata
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("agritech-tnau-ac-in-67d50cc1bba9d8d2014f1fd2025520dc")
df.head()First 10 of 35 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the purpose of the powdery mildew index model? | to determine appropriate treatment intervals because frequency will depend upon weather conditions and choice of fungicide. | A powdery mildew index (PMI) model may be used to determine appropriate treatment intervals because frequency will depend upon weather conditions and choice of fungicide. For more information on calcu lating PMI, please see the University of California’s Agriculture and Natural Resources statewide integrat ed pest management program at | 47 | definition | 1.000 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | A powdery mildew index (PMI) model may be used to determine appropriate treatment intervals because frequency will depend upon weather conditions and choice of fungicide. For more information on calcu lating PMI, please see the University of California’s Agriculture and Natural Resources statewide integrat ed pest management program at | 1 | page=1,block=8 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is No endorsement? | intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned | Brand names appearing in publications are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. Persons using such products assume responsibility for their use in ac cordance with current label directions of the manufacturer. | 102 | definition | 0.980 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. | 2 | page=2,block=6 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the effect of selectively pruning overcrowded plantings and removing leaves? | increase light pen etration and the circulation of air; this also decreases relative humidity infection. | Selectively pruning overcrowded plantings and removing leaves are rec ommended cultural practices to increase light pen etration and the circulation of air; this also decreases relative humidity infection. Do not compost infected plant debris. Avoid nitrogen fertilizer applications in the late summer to limit the production of succulent tissue. Water early in the morning to let the tissue and soil dry as quickly as possible. Avoid overhead watering to reduce relative humidity. Fungicides may be used for managing powdery mildew. For best results, fungicide treatments should begin before the overwintering fungus can infect new growth. The first few treatments are the most important and should be applied at appropriate in tervals, starting at bud break or early shoot growth. | 101 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | Selectively pruning overcrowded plantings and removing leaves are rec ommended cultural practices to increase light pen etration and the circulation of air; this also decreases relative humidity infection. Do not compost infected plant debris. | ||||
| Why is good airflow important for managing powdery mildew? | canopies at these locations will dry faster | humidity). Low light also favors disease development. For this reason, powdery mildew infections are often found in dense canopies where low light conditions and low air circulation prevail. Management Planting locations with good airflow are preferable; canopies at these locations will dry faster. There are also several different management practices that can help reduce or prevent powdery mildew. Such prac tices increase light penetration and reduce relative humidity in the plant canopy. Do not crowd the plants together when planting or training vines. A high canopy designed with air ventilation in mind will be preferable to a canopy that has low ventila tion and high leaf density. Airflow and ventilation will discourage mildew growth. | 255 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | Management Planting locations with good airflow are preferable; canopies at these locations will dry faster. | 1 | page=1,block=8 | 0.700 | valid |
| Why is rotating fungicides with different modes of action important? | in resistance management (delaying or preventing the development of fungicide resistance in pathogens) | See Table 1 for fungicides currently registered for use on grapes to help man age powdery mildew in New Mexico. This table lists fungicides by modes of action. Rotating fungicides with dif ferent modes of action is important in resistance management (delaying or preventing the development of fungicide resistance in pathogens). | 225 | relationship | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | Rotating fungicides with dif ferent modes of action is important in resistance management (delaying or preventing the development of fungicide resistance in pathogens). | 2 | page=2,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What are the symptoms of powdery mildew on grape vines? | a dusty white-gray or greenish-white coating on leaf surfaces or other above-ground plant parts | To find more resources for your business, home, or family, visit the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences on the World Wide Web at aces.nmsu.edu Grape Powdery Mildew Guide H-329 Bernd Maier and Natalie Goldberg1 Cooperative Extension Service • College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences This publication is scheduled to be updated and reissued 6/15. Symptoms Powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Erysiphe necator (syn. Uncinula necator), is one of the most prevalent and easily recognized plant diseases afflict ing grape vines in New Mexico. It appears as a dusty white-gray or greenish-white coating on leaf surfaces or other above-ground plant parts. The disease is most commonly observed on the upper surfaces of leaves (Figure 1), but can also affect the lower leaf surface, young stems, buds (Figure 2), flowers, canes, and young fruit. | 599 | summary | 0.970 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | It appears as a dusty white-gray or greenish-white coating on leaf surfaces or other above-ground plant parts. | 1 | |||
| What type of spores does the fungus produce during the growing season? | conidia (asexual spores) | During the growing season, the fungus produces conidia (asexual spores) that increase the severity of the disease on infected plants and may spread the fungus from one plant to another. | 47 | definition | 0.940 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | During the growing season, the fungus produces conidia (asexual spores) that increase the severity of the disease on infected plants and may spread the fungus from one plant to another. | 1 | page=1,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| How are ascospores spread to susceptible plants? | shoot up into the air currents and are wind-blown to susceptible plants | Severely infected leaves may exhibit mottling or deformity, including leaf curling and withering. Infected fruit turn grayish-white at first and ultimately exhibit a brown russeted appear ance. Infected fruit may crack, shrivel, or drop from clusters (Figure 3). Life Cycle The powdery mildew fungus overwinters as hyphae inside dormant buds, or as chasmothecia (spore- bearing structures) in bark or on canes, leftover fruit, and leaves on the ground. When hyphae from dormant buds serve as the primary inoculum, the new tissue is infected when the bud breaks dormancy. When chasmothecia provide the primary inoculum, plants are infected in the spring when ascospores (sexual spores) are released from the overwintering structures. Ascospores shoot up into the air currents and are wind-blown to susceptible plants, where new infections begin. | 744 | relationship | 0.930 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | Ascospores shoot up into the air currents and are wind-blown to susceptible plants, where new infections begin. | 1 | page=1,block=0 | ||
| What is the purpose of avoiding overhead watering? | to reduce relative humidity | Selectively pruning overcrowded plantings and removing leaves are rec ommended cultural practices to increase light pen etration and the circulation of air; this also decreases relative humidity infection. Do not compost infected plant debris. Avoid nitrogen fertilizer applications in the late summer to limit the production of succulent tissue. Water early in the morning to let the tissue and soil dry as quickly as possible. Avoid overhead watering to reduce relative humidity. Fungicides may be used for managing powdery mildew. For best results, fungicide treatments should begin before the overwintering fungus can infect new growth. The first few treatments are the most important and should be applied at appropriate in tervals, starting at bud break or early shoot growth. | 453 | relationship | 0.890 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf | Avoid overhead watering to reduce relative humidity. | 1 | page=1,block=8 | 0.700 | valid |
| Which biological agent has an unknown mode of action and is associated with the trade name Actinovate? | Streptomyces lydicus | Mode of Action Common Name Trade Name Multi-site activity (continued) mancozeb + copper hydroxide Mankocide sulfur Kumulus DF Sulfur Dust Liquid Sulfur Six Microthiol Disperss Sulfur 6L THAT Flowable Sulfur Thiolux Jet potassium salts of fatty acids + sulfur 3-in-1 sprays Biologicals (mode of action unknown) Streptomyces lydicus Actinovate Bacillus pumilus Ballard Plus Sonata Bacillus subtilis Serenade ASO Serenade Max Unknown mode of action hydrogen dioxide Oxidate StorOx potassium bicarbonate Amicarb 100 Milstop Foliar Fungicide petrolium oil BioCover MLT Brandt Saf-T-Side Purespray Green Suffoil-X neem oil 70% Neem Oil Bonide Bon-Neem Concern FTE Green Light Neem Concentrate Triact 70 Triology phosphonates Fosphite Fungi-phite Rampart potassium salts of fatty acids M-Pede plant extracts Regalia SC Host plant defense induction Harpin protein Messenger Products with Mixed Modes of Action Common Name Trade Name Strobilurin + sterol inhibitor trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole Adament 50 WG Multi-site activity + sterol inhibitor mancozeb + myclobutanil Clevis Strobilurin + carboxamide pyraclostrobin + boscalid Pristine | 310 | relationship | 0.890 | https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/pdf/tech_bulletin/Grape%20Powdery%20Mildew.pdf |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 1 |
| page=1,block=8 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| page=1,block=0 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| Mode of Action Common Name Trade Name Multi-site activity (continued) mancozeb + copper hydroxide Mankocide sulfur Kumulus DF Sulfur Dust Liquid Sulfur Six Microthiol Disperss Sulfur 6L THAT Flowable Sulfur Thiolux Jet potassium salts of fatty acids + sulfur 3-in-1 sprays Biologicals (mode of action unknown) Streptomyces lydicus Actinovate Bacillus pumilus Ballard Plus Sonata Bacillus subtilis Serenade ASO Serenade Max Unknown mode of action hydrogen dioxide Oxidate StorOx potassium bicarbonate Amicarb 100 Milstop Foliar Fungicide petrolium oil BioCover MLT Brandt Saf-T-Side Purespray Green |
| 4 |
| page=4,block=5 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |