| What was the Fourth Finance Commission not specifically asked to consider? | not specifically asked to take into consideration the requirements of the Fourth Plan | This recommendation was however, not accepted by the government of India. The Fourth Finance Commission was not specifically asked to take into consideration the requirements of the Fourth Plan. While it did not consider itself precluded from recommending Plan grants, it did not do so, because it considered it desirable that the Planning Commission, having been specifically constituted for this purpose, should have unhampered authority in this domain. | 108 | definition | 1.000 | The Fourth Finance Commission was not specifically asked to take into consideration the requirements of the Fourth Plan. | 59 | page=59,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What issue is described as a 'ticking time bomb' related to the public sector? | the ballooning of pension liabilities of the public sector, a 'ticking time bomb', as some would say | Among them is the dysfunctional assignment of tax powers between the Centre and the States and the fragmentation of the base of income tax and excise duties. Another is the ballooning of pension liabilities of the public sector, a 'ticking time bomb', as some would say. The former may need a change in the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution and the latter, some viable scheme of pension funding. | 169 | definition | 1.000 | Another is the ballooning of pension liabilities of the public sector, a 'ticking time bomb', as some would say. | 116 | page=116,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the intended role of the Finance Commission in addressing revenue and expenditure imbalances? | to redress the imbalances in the revenues and expenditure of the Union and the State Governments | The Finance Commission is a unique arrangement envisaged by the framers of the Constitution to redress the imbalances in the revenues and expenditure of the Union and the State Governments arising out of a mismatch between the powers to raise revenues and the functional responsibilities of the governments. The Finance Commission is mandated to 'achieve this through approximate tax~sharing between the Centre and the States and through grants~in~aidto the States which are in need of such assistance. The Finance Commission is also required to recommend the inter~se allocation among States of their share in the Central taxes. The last decade has been a witness to Constitutional amendments effected with a view to strengthen the finances of the Municipalities and panchayats, the third tier of the Government at the local level. | 92 | definition | 1.000 | The Finance Commission is a unique arrangement envisaged by the framers of the Constitution to redress the imbalances in the revenues and expenditure of the Union and the State Governments arising out of a mismatch between the powers to raise revenues and the functional responsibilities of the governments. |
| What topic is addressed in Chapter I Part XII of the Constitution? | the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them | (i) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under Chapter I Part XII of the Constitution and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds; (ii) the principles which should govern the grants-in-aid of the revenues of the States out of the consolidated Fund of India and the sums to be paid to the States which are in need of assistance by way of grants-in-aid of their revenues under article 275 of the Constitution for purposes other than those specified in the provisions to clause (1) of the article; and (iii) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats and Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State. 5. | 4 | definition | 1.000 | (i) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under Chapter I Part XII of the Constitution and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds; (ii) the principles which should govern the grants-in-aid of the revenues of the States out of the consolidated Fund of India and the sums to be paid to the States which are in need of assistance by way of grants-in-aid of their revenues under article 275 of the Constitution for purposes other than those specified in the provisions to |
| What does the term 'net proceeds' mean in the context of taxes or duties? | the proceeds thereof reduced by the cost of collection | under that clause shall be exercisable by the President by order and any order made by the President under this clause shall have effect subject to any provision so made by Parliament: Provided that after a Finance Commission has been constituted no order shall be made under this clause by the President except after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission. Article 279. Calculation of 'net proceeds', etc. (1) In the foregoing provisions of this Chapter, 'net proceeds' means in relation to any tax or duty the proceeds thereof reduced by the cost of collection, and for the purposes of those 7 Subs. by the North eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971 (81 of 1971). Sec. 71, for 'Part A' (w.e.f. 21-1-1972). 8 Ins. by the Constitution (Twenty-second Amendment) Act, 1969, Sec. 3. | 527 | definition | 1.000 | (1) In the foregoing provisions of this Chapter, 'net proceeds' means in relation to any tax or duty the proceeds thereof reduced by the cost of collection, and for the purposes of those 7 Subs. | 13 | page=13,block=63 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the definition of a 'Gram Sabha'? | a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level | Articles Relevant to Panchayats (b) 'Gram Sabha' means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level; (c) 'intermediate level' means a level between the village and district levels specified by the Governor of a State by public notification to be the intermediate level for the purposes of this Part; (d) 'Panchayat' means an institution (by whatever name called) of self-government constituted under article 243B, for the rural areas; (e) 'Panchayat area' means the territorial area of a Panchayat; (I) 'population' means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published; (g) 'village' means a village specified by the Governor by public notification to be a village for the purposes of this Part and includes a group of villages so specified. | 55 | definition | 1.000 | Articles Relevant to Panchayats (b) 'Gram Sabha' means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level; (c) 'intermediate level' means a level between the village and district levels specified by the Governor of a State by public notification to be the intermediate level for the purposes of this Part; (d) 'Panchayat' means an institution (by whatever name called) of self-government constituted under article 243B, for the rural areas; (e) 'Panchayat area' means the territorial area of a Panchayat; |
| What does the term 'intermediate level' mean in relation to Panchayats? | a level between the village and district levels specified by the Governor of a State by public notification to be the intermediate level | Articles Relevant to Panchayats (b) 'Gram Sabha' means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level; (c) 'intermediate level' means a level between the village and district levels specified by the Governor of a State by public notification to be the intermediate level for the purposes of this Part; (d) 'Panchayat' means an institution (by whatever name called) of self-government constituted under article 243B, for the rural areas; (e) 'Panchayat area' means the territorial area of a Panchayat; (I) 'population' means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published; (g) 'village' means a village specified by the Governor by public notification to be a village for the purposes of this Part and includes a group of villages so specified. | 232 | definition | 1.000 | Articles Relevant to Panchayats (b) 'Gram Sabha' means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level; (c) 'intermediate level' means a level between the village and district levels specified by the Governor of a State by public notification to be the intermediate level for the purposes of this Part; (d) 'Panchayat' means an institution (by whatever name called) of self-government constituted under article 243B, for the rural areas; (e) 'Panchayat area' means the territorial area of a Panchayat; |
| What is the meaning of 'Municipality' as per article 243Q? | an institution of self- government constituted under article 243Q | Articles Relevant to Municipalities (a) 'Committee' means a Committee constituted under article 243Sj (c) 'Metropolitan area' means an area having a population of ten lakhs or more, comprised in one or more districts and consisting of two or more Municipalities or Panchayats or other contiguous areas, specified by the Governor by public notification to be Metropolitan area for the purposes of this Part; (d) 'Municipal area' means the territorial area of a Municipality as is notified by the Governor; (e) 'Municipality' means an institution of self- government constituted under article 243Q; (f) to 'Panchayat' means a Panchayat constituted under article 243B; (g) 'population' means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published. | 530 | definition | 1.000 | Articles Relevant to Municipalities (a) 'Committee' means a Committee constituted under article 243Sj (c) 'Metropolitan area' means an area having a population of ten lakhs or more, comprised in one or more districts and consisting of two or more Municipalities or Panchayats or other contiguous areas, specified by the Governor by public notification to be Metropolitan area for the purposes of this Part; (d) 'Municipal area' means the territorial area of a Municipality as is notified by the Governor; (e) 'Municipality' means an institution of self- government constituted under article 243Q; |
| What does 'the Commission' mean in the context of the Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951? | the Finance Commission constituted by the President pursuant to clause (1) of article 280 of the Constitution | Statutory Provisions The Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 to determine the qualifications reqUlslte for appointment as members of the Finance Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected, and to prescribe their powers. This Act may be called the Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 (Act XXXIII of 1951). In this Act, 'the Commission' means the Finance Commission constituted by the President pursuant to clause (1) of article 280 of the Constitution. (3) Qualifications for appointment as, and the manner of selection of members of, the Commission- . | 396 | definition | 1.000 | In this Act, 'the Commission' means the Finance Commission constituted by the President pursuant to clause (1) of article 280 of the Constitution. | 28 | page=28,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the purpose of grants-in-aid after accounting for other revenue devolution methods? | residuary assistance to the States | We have also made allowance for the various factors by which the computation of budgetary needs has to be adjusted and have treated grants-in-aid as residuary assistance to the States after taking into account devolution of revenue in other forms.' (para 63) 'Our predecessors thought that, while considering the eligibility of a State for a grant-in-aid and the amount of such aid, due weight should be given to tax effort, so that the States, which raise adequate resources through taxation, are not penalised and no premium is put upon lack of self- help. The principle of tax effort is unexceptionable, but, as they themselves admitted, 'it is only in clear cases of inadequate taxation' that it should affect the quantum of assistance which the States may be | 149 | definition | 1.000 | We have also made allowance for the various factors by which the computation of budgetary needs has to be adjusted and have treated grants-in-aid as residuary assistance to the States after taking into account devolution of revenue in other forms.' (para 63) 'Our predecessors thought that, while considering the eligibility of a State for a grant-in-aid and the amount of such aid, due weight should be given to tax effort, so that the States, which raise adequate resources through taxation, are not penalised and no premium is put upon lack of self- help. |