502 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Beginners Guide Book, published by icmr.gov.in. The source is a 106-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include systematic reviews, meta-analysis, icmr publication, anju sinha, geetha r. menon, denny john, public health, social science researchers. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 148 table, 124 factual, 83 definition, 82 list, 38 summary, 17 relationship, 10 comparison. 230 of the 502 pairs (45.8%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 272 are factual or table-based questions. 99.60% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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# One-time install: pip install desidata
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("www-icmr-gov-in-0a4e5d862cf012d6b84d389b4086ae0d")
df.head()First 10 of 502 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What assumption is the fixed effects model based on in meta-analysis? | based on the assumption that a single common (or ‘fixed’) effect underlies every study in the Meta-Analysis | The next step is to analyze the data using either of the two approaches the Fixed effect method and the Random effect method. The Fixed effects model is based on the assumption that a single common (or ‘fixed’) effect underlies every study in the Meta-Analysis. This approach is usually applied when I2 is small. | 153 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | The Fixed effects model is based on the assumption that a single common (or ‘fixed’) effect underlies every study in the Meta-Analysis. | 81 | page=81,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What does the vertical line represent in a forest plot? | the line of no effect which could be at 1 for depicting ORs or RRs and 0 when depicting continuous measurements | For the summary measure, the confidence interval is the width of the diamond. The vertical line is the line of no effect which could be at 1 for depicting ORs or RRs and 0 when depicting continuous measurements. If the boxes with whiskers and diamond lie away from the vertical line then the outcome is statistically significant. | 99 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | The vertical line is the line of no effect which could be at 1 for depicting ORs or RRs and 0 when depicting continuous measurements. | 83 | page=83,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the definition of a search string? | a combination of keywords, truncation symbols, and Boolean operators that is entered into the search box of a library database or search engine | Construct search strategy string To retrieve the most relevant search results, a search string needs to be constructed. A search string is a combination of keywords, truncation symbols, and Boolean operators that is entered into the search box of a library database or search engine. For eg: A systematic review to analyse long-term continence disturbance after lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure was carried out. | 139 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | A search string is a combination of keywords, truncation symbols, and Boolean operators that is entered into the search box of a library database or search engine. | 41 | page=41,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the final step in the process described? | the interpretation of the results, discussion of issues such as clinical applicability and writing of the manuscript for publication | The last step is the interpretation of the results, discussion of issues such as clinical applicability and writing of the manuscript for publication. To ensure that a systematic review is useful to the users, a transparent, complete and accurate account of why, what and how the review was done must be reported. | 17 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | The last step is the interpretation of the results, discussion of issues such as clinical applicability and writing of the manuscript for publication. | 84 | page=84,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the funnel plot used to display? | a scatter plot of effect estimate against a measure of precision (or study size) | The funnel plot is a scatter plot of effect estimate against a measure of precision (or study size). Mathematically, it plots the effect estimates of the studies against their standard errors. | 19 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | The funnel plot is a scatter plot of effect estimate against a measure of precision (or study size). | 80 | page=80,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the primary purpose of funnel plots? | used primarily as a visual aid for detecting bias or heterogeneity based on the level of asymmetry | Mathematically, it plots the effect estimates of the studies against their standard errors. Funnel plots are used primarily as a visual aid for detecting bias or heterogeneity based on the level of asymmetry. A symmetric funnel shape plot indicates increasing scatter with decreasing precision (Figure 7). | 109 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | Funnel plots are used primarily as a visual aid for detecting bias or heterogeneity based on the level of asymmetry. | 80 | page=80,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of a Plain Language Summary? | a short, easy-to-read summary of a published systematic review | A Plain Language Summary (PLS) is a short, easy-to-read summary of a published systematic review. The main aim of the PLS is to provide information to a patient, carer, or practitioner on the key points of scientific evidence from a systematic review without getting into the clinical and synthesis details. | 34 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | A Plain Language Summary (PLS) is a short, easy-to-read summary of a published systematic review. | 94 | page=94,block=16 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of the Abstrackr software? | used for screening of systematic reviews, citation and to upload your abstracts | Abstrackr, SRDR Plus and OpenMeta Brown School of Public Health introduced softwares like Abstrackr, SRDR Plus and OpenMeta for systematic review and Meta-Analysis related work. Abstrackr software is used for screening of systematic reviews, citation and to upload your abstracts. SRDR (The Systematic Review Data Repository) Plus is a tool for extracting, managing and archiving data whereas OpenMeta is an open source platform to implement Meta-Analysis. | 200 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | Abstrackr software is used for screening of systematic reviews, citation and to upload your abstracts. | 87 | page=87,block=6 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of the package robumeta? | used to conduct robust variance estimation (RVE) Meta-regression using both large and small sample RVE estimators using various weighting schemes | The package Meta provides trim-and-fill method to evaluate bias, fixed and random effect Meta-Analysis, cumulative Meta-Analysis, meta regression, leave-one-out Meta-Analysis, subgroup Meta-Analysis and various graphical plots such as funnel, forest, Galbraith, baujaut, L’Abbe and bubble plot. The package robumeta is used to conduct robust variance estimation (RVE) Meta-regression using both large and small sample RVE estimators using various weighting schemes. These methods are distribution free and provide valid point estimates, standard errors and hypothesis tests even when the degree and structure of dependence between effect sizes are unknown. | 319 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | The package robumeta is used to conduct robust variance estimation (RVE) Meta-regression using both large and small sample RVE estimators using various weighting schemes. | 91 | page=91,block=4 | 0.850 | |
| What serves as a guide for conducting a systematic review? | a guide for a well written systematic review | A review protocol is a guide for a well written systematic review. It explains the rationale for conducting the systematic review, states the hypothesis and outlines the methodology to be used. | 21 | definition | 1.000 | https://www.icmr.gov.in/icmrobject/custom_data/pdf/downloadable-books/BEGINNERS_GUIDE_FINAL_BOOK.pdf | A review protocol is a guide for a well written systematic review. | 23 | page=23,block=3 | 0.850 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
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