| What are excessive behaviors related to somatic symptoms defined by? | Disproportionate and persistent thoughts about the seriousness of one’s symptoms | Excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviours related to the somatic symptoms or associated health concerns as manifested by at least one of the following: 1. Disproportionate and persistent thoughts about the seriousness of one’s symptoms 2. Persistently high level of anxiety about health or symptoms 3. Excessive time and energy devoted to these symptoms or health concerns C. | 157 | definition | 1.000 | Excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviours related to the somatic symptoms or associated health concerns as manifested by at least one of the following: 1. Disproportionate and persistent thoughts about the seriousness of one’s symptoms 2. | 1 | page=1,block=9 | 0.700 | valid |
| What defines a severe level of somatic symptom severity? | Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) | Although only one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (typically more than 6 months) A persistent course is characterized by severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) Severity: Mild – only one of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Moderate – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Severe – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) Following list include the commonest symptoms 1. Pain symptoms at multiple sites (such as abdominal, back, chest, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, extremity, head, joint, rectal) is often present 2. Gastrointestinal sensations (pain, belching, regurgitation, vomiting, nausea) 3. | 424 | definition | 1.000 | Although only one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (typically more than 6 months) A persistent course is characterized by severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) Severity: Mild – only one of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Moderate – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Severe – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) Following list include the |
| What characterizes a persistent course of somatic symptoms? | severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) | Although only one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (typically more than 6 months) A persistent course is characterized by severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) Severity: Mild – only one of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Moderate – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Severe – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) Following list include the commonest symptoms 1. Pain symptoms at multiple sites (such as abdominal, back, chest, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, extremity, head, joint, rectal) is often present 2. Gastrointestinal sensations (pain, belching, regurgitation, vomiting, nausea) 3. | 183 | definition | 1.000 | Although only one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (typically more than 6 months) A persistent course is characterized by severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) Severity: Mild – only one of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Moderate – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Severe – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) Following list include the |
| What is the repeated subjective experience described in the context of somatization disorder? | physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease | Repeated subjective experience of physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease Bodily complaints are often the most common reason for consultation with health professionals ∙ Repeated request for investigations – despite negative findings and reassurance ∙ Doctor shopping and not satisfied with repeated reassurance | 34 | definition | 1.000 | Repeated subjective experience of physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease Bodily complaints are often the most common reason for consultation with health professionals ∙ Repeated request for investigations – despite negative findings and reassurance ∙ Doctor shopping and not satisfied with repeated reassurance | 1 | page=1,block=23 | 0.700 | valid |
| What characterizes a severe level of somatic symptom severity? | Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) | Although only one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (typically more than 6 months) A persistent course is characterized by severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) Severity: Mild – only one of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Moderate – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Severe – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) Following list include the commonest symptoms 1. Pain symptoms at multiple sites (such as abdominal, back, chest, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, extremity, head, joint, rectal) is often present 2. Gastrointestinal sensations (pain, belching, regurgitation, vomiting, nausea) 3. | 424 | definition | 1.000 | Although only one somatic symptom may not be continuously present, the state of being symptomatic is persistent (typically more than 6 months) A persistent course is characterized by severe symptoms, marked impairment, and long duration (more than 6 months) Severity: Mild – only one of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Moderate – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B is fulfilled Severe – Two or more of the symptoms specified in criterion B are fulfilled, plus there are multiple somatic symptoms (or one very severe somatic symptom) Following list include the |
| What characterizes the subjective experience of somatization disorder? | physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease | Repeated subjective experience of physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease Bodily complaints are often the most common reason for consultation with health professionals ∙ Repeated request for investigations – despite negative findings and reassurance ∙ Doctor shopping and not satisfied with repeated reassurance | 34 | definition | 1.000 | Repeated subjective experience of physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease Bodily complaints are often the most common reason for consultation with health professionals ∙ Repeated request for investigations – despite negative findings and reassurance ∙ Doctor shopping and not satisfied with repeated reassurance | 1 | page=1,block=23 | 0.700 | valid |
| What types of psychoeducation are recommended for managing comorbid psychiatric illness in secondary care? | focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms | Comorbid psychiatric illness SECONDARY CARE ∙ Investigations – to rule out any medical illnesses that might explain the symptoms ∙ Complete history with behavioural observation ∙ Use 2nd line medications – SSRIs (Escitalopram 10-20 mg, Sertraline 50-100 mg, Fluoxetine 20 mg) and SNRIs (Venlafaxine 75 – 150 mg, Duloxetine 30- 60 mg) ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (might be required if poor response to single medication) ∙ Brief counselling ∙ Psycho education – focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms ∙ Relaxation training, regular exercise, yoga and meditation TERTIARY CARE ∙ Inpatient care if needed ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (when required) ∙ Add on second and third line medications – Duloxetine, Mirtazapine, anticonvulsants ( Lamotrigine, Pregabalin). | 479 | definition | 1.000 | Comorbid psychiatric illness SECONDARY CARE ∙ Investigations – to rule out any medical illnesses that might explain the symptoms ∙ Complete history with behavioural observation ∙ Use 2nd line medications – SSRIs (Escitalopram 10-20 mg, Sertraline 50-100 mg, Fluoxetine 20 mg) and SNRIs (Venlafaxine 75 – 150 mg, Duloxetine 30- 60 mg) ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (might be required if poor response to single medication) ∙ Brief counselling ∙ Psycho education – focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms ∙ Relaxation training, regular exercise, yoga and |
| What is the purpose of psychoeducation in managing comorbid psychiatric illness? | focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms | Comorbid psychiatric illness SECONDARY CARE ∙ Investigations – to rule out any medical illnesses that might explain the symptoms ∙ Complete history with behavioural observation ∙ Use 2nd line medications – SSRIs (Escitalopram 10-20 mg, Sertraline 50-100 mg, Fluoxetine 20 mg) and SNRIs (Venlafaxine 75 – 150 mg, Duloxetine 30- 60 mg) ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (might be required if poor response to single medication) ∙ Brief counselling ∙ Psycho education – focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms ∙ Relaxation training, regular exercise, yoga and meditation TERTIARY CARE ∙ Inpatient care if needed ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (when required) ∙ Add on second and third line medications – Duloxetine, Mirtazapine, anticonvulsants ( Lamotrigine, Pregabalin). | 479 | definition | 1.000 | Comorbid psychiatric illness SECONDARY CARE ∙ Investigations – to rule out any medical illnesses that might explain the symptoms ∙ Complete history with behavioural observation ∙ Use 2nd line medications – SSRIs (Escitalopram 10-20 mg, Sertraline 50-100 mg, Fluoxetine 20 mg) and SNRIs (Venlafaxine 75 – 150 mg, Duloxetine 30- 60 mg) ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (might be required if poor response to single medication) ∙ Brief counselling ∙ Psycho education – focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms ∙ Relaxation training, regular exercise, yoga and |
| What is notable about the behavior of individuals who repeatedly request medical investigations? | despite negative findings and reassurance | Repeated subjective experience of physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease Bodily complaints are often the most common reason for consultation with health professionals ∙ Repeated request for investigations – despite negative findings and reassurance ∙ Doctor shopping and not satisfied with repeated reassurance | 247 | relationship | 0.970 | Repeated subjective experience of physical symptoms which are not explained by any recognizable physical disease Bodily complaints are often the most common reason for consultation with health professionals ∙ Repeated request for investigations – despite negative findings and reassurance ∙ Doctor shopping and not satisfied with repeated reassurance | 1 | page=1,block=23 | 0.700 | valid |
| When might a combination of two psychotropic medications be required? | if poor response to single medication | Comorbid psychiatric illness SECONDARY CARE ∙ Investigations – to rule out any medical illnesses that might explain the symptoms ∙ Complete history with behavioural observation ∙ Use 2nd line medications – SSRIs (Escitalopram 10-20 mg, Sertraline 50-100 mg, Fluoxetine 20 mg) and SNRIs (Venlafaxine 75 – 150 mg, Duloxetine 30- 60 mg) ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (might be required if poor response to single medication) ∙ Brief counselling ∙ Psycho education – focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms ∙ Relaxation training, regular exercise, yoga and meditation TERTIARY CARE ∙ Inpatient care if needed ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (when required) ∙ Add on second and third line medications – Duloxetine, Mirtazapine, anticonvulsants ( Lamotrigine, Pregabalin). | 399 | relationship | 0.970 | Comorbid psychiatric illness SECONDARY CARE ∙ Investigations – to rule out any medical illnesses that might explain the symptoms ∙ Complete history with behavioural observation ∙ Use 2nd line medications – SSRIs (Escitalopram 10-20 mg, Sertraline 50-100 mg, Fluoxetine 20 mg) and SNRIs (Venlafaxine 75 – 150 mg, Duloxetine 30- 60 mg) ∙ Combination of two psychotropic medications (might be required if poor response to single medication) ∙ Brief counselling ∙ Psycho education – focusing on relationship between stress and physical symptoms ∙ Relaxation training, regular exercise, yoga and |