590 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from (Railway Board), published by indianrailways.gov.in. The document is a comprehensive yearbook detailing the operations, developments, and achievements of Indian Railways. It covers key statistics, financial data, infrastructure projects, modernization efforts, passenger and freight operations, technical advancements, safety measures, cultural initiatives, and organizational achievements. It also highlights specific projects such as the Vande Bharat trainsets, electrification progress, freight corridor developments, and modernization of coaches. Additionally, it includes information on Railway Protection Force (RPF) operations, training programs, awards, and heritage activities. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 55 of the 590 pairs (9.3%) are explanatory questions and 535 restate a figure. 98.31% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("railway-board-question-and-answer-dataset")
df.head()First 10 of 590 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What type of system is Kavach described as? | a highly technology intensive system, which requires safety certification of the highest order | Measures to Avoid Collission: Kavach is an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system. Kavach is a highly technology intensive system, which requires safety certification of the highest order. Kavach aids the loco pilot in train running within specified speed limits by automatic application of brakes in case the loco pilot fails to do so and also help the train to run safely during inclement weather. | 117 | definition | 1.000 | Kavach is a highly technology intensive system, which requires safety certification of the highest order. | 58 | page=58,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What type of organization is Braithwaite & Co. Limited (BCL)? | a Schedule – B, ‘Mini Ratna – I’ Heavy Engineering CPSE under Ministry of Railways | Limited (BCL): Braithwaite & Co. Limited (BCL) is a Schedule – B, ‘Mini Ratna – I’ Heavy Engineering CPSE under Ministry of Railways. It is headquartered in Kolkata with 2 manufacturing units in and around Kolkata, office set-ups in Mumbai &Delhi and project sites across various states in India. | 50 | definition | 1.000 | Limited (BCL) is a Schedule – B, ‘Mini Ratna – I’ Heavy Engineering CPSE under Ministry of Railways. | 159 | page=159,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What does the Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme enable private parties to do? | procurement and operation of special purpose rakes by private parties for transportation of automobiles. | This also creates an avenue for end users to optimally utilize their rolling stock by transporting their commodities as well as commodities of third party. c. Automobiles Freight Train Operator (AFTO) Scheme: Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme permits procurement and operation of special purpose rakes by private parties for transportation of automobiles. d. Wagon Leasing Scheme (WLS): The Scheme introduced the concept of leasing of railway wagons on Indian Railways. The scheme aims at induction of rakes of general-purpose wagons; special purpose wagons approved under the above-mentioned schemes and wagons for containers movements through PPP route. e. Wagon Investment Scheme for Oil Sectors: In order to encourage petroleum industry for investing into BTPN wagons, a policy on Wagon | 258 | definition | 1.000 | Automobiles Freight Train Operator (AFTO) Scheme: Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme permits procurement and operation of special purpose rakes by private parties for transportation of automobiles. d. | 48 | page=48,block=1 | ||
| What is the function of the Mimic Indication Panel in the Train Management System? | to present detailed status of the system at a glance | CTC is planned for further proliferation on three more divisions based on the use cases from Tundla CTC. Train Management System: TMS provides real-time status of train positions, all train movements and a complete view of the section covered on a giant screen provided in the divisional control centre. Punctuality reports, rake and crew links, train graphs, and unusual occurrence reports are generated in the control office. The overall display panel, known as the ‘Mimic Indication Panel’, is designed to present detailed status of the system at a glance. It is expected that with the commissioning of TMS/ CTC projects, our controllers shall be able to efficiently manage train operations. Besides providing real time train | 506 | definition | 1.000 | The overall display panel, known as the ‘Mimic Indication Panel’, is designed to present detailed status of the system at a glance. | 84 | page=84,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the significance of telecommunication on Indian Railways? | an important role in train control, operation and safety on IR | Southern Railway, Mettuguda on South Central Railway, Gorakhpur on North Eastern Railway, Howrah on Eastern Railway, Byculla on Central Railway, Sabarmati on Western Railway, Kharagpur on South Eastern Railway and Ghaziabad on Northern Railway have been manufacturing items like Electric Point Machines, Tokenless Block Instrument, Double Line Block Instruments, Axle Counters, various types of Relays, etc. Year wise out-turn achieved by these S&T workshops is as under: Year wise Out-Turn of Signal and Telecommunication Workshop: Year Out Turn in ` Lakhs 2020-21 25,041.89 2021-22 31,300.00 2022-23 34,033.42 2023-24 45,771.00 2024-25 36,769. Telecommunication: Telecommunication plays an important role in train control, operation and safety on IR. Indian Railways has set up a state of the art, nationwide telecom network for meeting its communication needs. | 689 | definition | 1.000 | Telecommunication: Telecommunication plays an important role in train control, operation and safety on IR. | 86 | page=86,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What capability does HOG technology provide to trains? | draw power directly from overhead lines for onboard services | New Era of Green Technology - HOG power supply: Indian Railways continues its eco-friendly transition, with 2,001 electric locomotives equipped with Head-On Generation (HOG) systems as of 31st March 2025. This represents an impressive 93% of the total fleet of 2,158 three-phase coaching locomotives. HOG technology allows trains to draw power directly from overhead lines for onboard services, replacing noisy and polluting diesel generators. The result is cleaner operations, reduced carbon emissions, lower fuel consumption, and improved passenger comfort. Remote Diagnostic System: To enhance safety and reliability, Indian Railways is adopting collaborative IT-based solutions by equipping electric locomotives with onboard remote diagnostic systems. | 333 | definition | 1.000 | HOG technology allows trains to draw power directly from overhead lines for onboard services, replacing noisy and polluting diesel generators. | 95 | page=95,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is Passenger Business Indian Railways? | a commonly used mode of public transportation in the country | Passenger Business Indian Railways is a commonly used mode of public transportation in the country. During 2024-25, it carried 7,293 million passengers as against 6,905 million in 2023-24. | 38 | definition | 0.980 | Passenger Business Indian Railways is a commonly used mode of public transportation in the country. | 25 | page=25,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is Amrit Bharat Express? | a modern train designed on the LHB platform for push-pull operation with locomotives at both ends | The Amrit Bharat Express is a modern train designed on the LHB platform for push-pull operation with locomotives at both ends. It consists of Non AC LHB coaches like Second Class Seating, Sleeper, and SLRD, with a speed potential of 130 km/h. | 28 | definition | 0.980 | The Amrit Bharat Express is a modern train designed on the LHB platform for push-pull operation with locomotives at both ends. | 123 | page=123,block=7 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is Vande Bharat Sleeper? | a 16 car AC sleeper train, designed on the Vande Bharat platform for 160 km/h operation with a 17 ton axle load | The Vande Bharat Sleeper is a 16 car AC sleeper train, designed on the Vande Bharat platform for 160 km/h operation with a 17 ton axle load. It uses a 4 car basic unit with 50% powering for quick acceleration and has all propulsion equipment under slung. | 28 | definition | 0.980 | The Vande Bharat Sleeper is a 16 car AC sleeper train, designed on the Vande Bharat platform for 160 km/h operation with a 17 ton axle load. | 124 | page=124,block=8 | 0.850 | valid |
| What function do the M-UTS devices serve? | a portable ticketing solution for issuance of unreserved tickets | Indian Railways have launched beta version of RailOne app through which passenger can book unreserved ticket (Journey & Season), platform ticket, reserved tickets along with other facilities of train enquiry, PNR enquiry, TDR file, passenger complaints, order food etc. Mobile UTS (M-UTS): M-UTS is a portable ticketing solution for issuance of unreserved tickets. M-UTS devices (Android phone and Bluetooth printer) can easily be carried from one location to another. The battery on the phone and printer can last for 6 to 8 hours. The M-UTS application works in connected (GPRS or WiFi) mode. M-UTS has been deployed for dispensing parking tickets at Howrah station. It has also been further enhanced to facilitate passengers to make payment through scanning of UPI QR. Pilot project for booking of UTS tickets through M-UTS for halt stations has been undertaken over Southern Railway. | 299 | definition | 0.980 | Mobile UTS (M-UTS): M-UTS is a portable ticketing solution for issuance of unreserved tickets. | 32 | page=32,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.700 |
| valid |