109 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Chapter 13 page 1, published by agritech.tnau.ac.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 83 of the 109 pairs (76.1%) are explanatory questions and 26 restate a figure. 99.08% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
Use the API URL with your free DD token in notebooks, scripts, and pipelines.
https://www.desidata.in/api/datasets/prunus-species-and-phytochemicals-question-and-answer-dataset/downloadDataset downloads are free. For Python or API downloads, sign in once and create a free DD token; set it as DD_TOKEN or save it in your notebook's secrets. Requests are linked to your account so your download history and counts stay accurate.
# One-time install: pip install desidata
# Set DD_TOKEN in your environment first (create a free token in Profile & settings).
import desidata
df = desidata.load("prunus-species-and-phytochemicals-question-and-answer-dataset")
df.head()Sign in with Google to download.
Usable for analysis, but expect some cleaning before you rely on it.
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First 10 of 109 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What role do conjugated double bonds play in carotenoids? | not only responsible for the colour of carotenoids, but also are main determinants of their antioxidant properties | Besides being precursors of vitamin A, some benefits of carotenoids have been associated with their antioxidant properties (Bendich, 1993). The conjugated double bonds are not only responsible for the colour of carotenoids, but also are main determinants of their antioxidant properties. Carotenoids have been shown to react with singlet oxygen and peroxyl radicals (Stahl and Sies, 1997). | 172 | definition | 1.000 | The conjugated double bonds are not only responsible for the colour of carotenoids, but also are main determinants of their antioxidant properties. | 5 | page=5,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What type of compounds are Ellagitannins (ETs) classified as? | a subgroup of tannins (Hemmer, 2008) | Ellagitannins (ETs) are a subgroup of tannins (Hemmer, 2008). Structurally they contain at least two galloyl units C–C coupled to each other, but lack glycosidically- linked catechin units (Khanbabaee and van Ree, 2001). | 24 | definition | 1.000 | Ellagitannins (ETs) are a subgroup of tannins (Hemmer, 2008). | 10 | page=10,block=3 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is briefly summarized about selected Prunus species? | a short summary of nutraceutical properties of selected Prunus species | Many of the phytochemical categories present in Prunus species, including carotenoids, vitamins, phenolics and others may play a role as nutraceuticals through the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, Alzheimer, metabolic syndrome and others (Sun et al., 2002; Jiang and Dusting, 2003; Kottova et al., 2004; Heo and Lee, 2005; Chen et al., 2007; Chen and Blumberg, 2008b). The following is a short summary of nutraceutical properties of selected Prunus species. Almond extracts have been characterized for their effects against cancer and cardiovascular disease. | 416 | definition | 1.000 | The following is a short summary of nutraceutical properties of selected Prunus species. | 10 | page=10,block=3 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the effect linked to in plum and peach fruit? | associated with the phytochemical content (Yang and Gallaher, 2005) | The effect was associated with the phytochemical content (Yang and Gallaher, 2005). More recently, chlorogenic acid and neo-chlorogenic acid in plum and peach fruit have been identified as bioactive | 15 | definition | 1.000 | The effect was associated with the phytochemical content (Yang and Gallaher, 2005). | 10 | page=10,block=7 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the origin of the term 'drupe'? | the latin word druppa which means overripe olive | The fruit of these species is botanically defined as a drupe (Brady, 1993). This name is derived from the latin word druppa which means overripe olive. Drupes mostly develop from flowers with superior ovaries having a single carpel. The fruits usually have a clear ventral suture, do not retain floral residues next to the pedicel, and are characterized by a membranous exocarp, with an outer fleshy mesocarp consisting mainly of parenchyma cells (Romani and Jennings, 1971). The mesocarp surrounds a shell (the pit or stone) of hardened endocarp with a seed inside and due to this, Prunus species are also referred to as “stone fruit”. Unlike almonds, in which the consumed portion is the seed within the pit, the edible part in most stone fruits includes the mesocarp, and eventually the exocarp. | 102 | definition | 1.000 | This name is derived from the latin word druppa which means overripe olive. | 1 | page=1,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is the origin of the term 'anthocyanins'? | anthos which means flower, and kyanos which means blue | Anthocyanins Their name derives from anthos which means flower, and kyanos which means blue (Kong et al., 2003). Anthocyanins are the most widespread of the flavonoid pigments. As they confer red, blue, and purple colours to plant tissues they largely contribute to the visual quality of fruits (Mazza, 1995). Anthocyanin is actually a name | 37 | definition | 1.000 | Anthocyanins Their name derives from anthos which means flower, and kyanos which means blue (Kong et al., 2003). | 8 | page=8,block=6 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is Studying plant phytochemicals? | not an easy endeavour, especially for carotenoids and phenolics which include thousands of different compounds, commonly present at relatively low concentrations | Studying plant phytochemicals is not an easy endeavour, especially for carotenoids and phenolics which include thousands of different compounds, commonly present at relatively low concentrations. In the last 20 years, the improvement in analytical techniques (mostly based on HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry detection) has allowed rapid progress in the identification and quantification and overall study of fruit phytochemicals with special emphasis on those showing bioactivity. | 33 | definition | 0.980 | Studying plant phytochemicals is not an easy endeavour, especially for carotenoids and phenolics which include thousands of different compounds, commonly present at relatively low concentrations. | 2 | page=2,block=6 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are Black plum varieties? | among fruits with the highest antioxidant capacity, and are very rich in phenolic compounds, while apricots are high in carotenoids | Most Prunus fruits and seeds are commonly used for processing, including jam production, canning, drying or roasting and are regularly consumed year round. Black plum varieties are among fruits with the highest antioxidant capacity, and are very rich in phenolic compounds, while apricots are high in carotenoids. Cherries and almonds are also rich in phenolics and have an Oxygen Radical Absorbing Capacity (ORAC) similar to that found in strawberry or raspberry (which are commonly recognized due to their richness in antioxidants; cf. | 181 | definition | 0.980 | Black plum varieties are among fruits with the highest antioxidant capacity, and are very rich in phenolic compounds, while apricots are high in carotenoids. | 3 | page=3,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are Carotenoids? | responsible for the distinctive yellow and orange colours of the pulp and peel of most Prunus species | They also provide protection against photo-oxidation. Carotenoids are responsible for the distinctive yellow and orange colours of the pulp and peel of most Prunus species. They are liposoluble terpenoids due to their relatively long (40 C) hydrocarbon structure (Sandmann, 2001). | 70 | definition | 0.980 | Carotenoids are responsible for the distinctive yellow and orange colours of the pulp and peel of most Prunus species. | 4 | page=4,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is Vitamin C? | an essential nutrient for humans and a small number of other mammalian species (Hancock and Viola, 2005) | Vitamin C is an essential nutrient for humans and a small number of other mammalian species (Hancock and Viola, 2005). Ascorbic acid plays an important role in hydroxylation reactions, (e.g. | 13 | definition | 0.980 | Vitamin C is an essential nutrient for humans and a small number of other mammalian species (Hancock and Viola, 2005). | 6 | page=6,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
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