95 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from 78851955051561442143, published by ncdc.mohfw.gov.in. The source is a 49-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include influenza virus, real time rt pcr, specimen collection, biosafety measures, seasonal influenza infection, pcr lab, lab testing, quality assurance. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 25 factual, 24 list, 24 relationship, 9 definition, 8 summary, 4 table, 1 comparison. 66 of the 95 pairs (69.5%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 29 are factual or table-based questions. 100.00% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 95 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from a 49-page publication by ncdc.mohfw.gov.in. It focuses on influenza virus characteristics, diagnostic methods, biosafety measures, and laboratory protocols. Each answer is a verbatim excerpt from the source document, ensuring traceability. The dataset includes various question types, such as definitions, relationships, and summaries, with 69.5% of questions being explanatory. It provides insights into influenza testing practices, including specimen handling, biosafety levels, and diagnostic tools.
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("ncdc-mohfw-gov-in-e204b8c53447d5f5ecd1faf3ddf76b7d")
df.head()First 10 of 95 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What type of virus is the influenza virus? | an enveloped, segmented RNA virus which belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae | Influenza virus is an enveloped, segmented RNA virus which belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae. There are three serotypes of influenza virus namely, Influenza virus A, B and C. | 19 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | Influenza virus is an enveloped, segmented RNA virus which belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae. | 2 | page=2,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What do some multiplex molecular assays identify and differentiate? | influenza viral nucleic acids and distinguish influenza virus infection from other respiratory viruses | Some multiplex molecular assays are available that can detect influenza viral nucleic acids and distinguish influenza virus infection from other respiratory viruses. | 62 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | Some multiplex molecular assays are available that can detect influenza viral nucleic acids and distinguish influenza virus infection from other respiratory viruses. | 10 | page=10,block=7 | 0.700 | valid |
| What type of container is used as the primary container for sample collection in seasonal influenza testing? | Sample collection vials or tubes (leak proof and autoclavable) | Sample collection vials or tubes (leak proof and autoclavable) containing 1-3ml viral transport media (with protein stabilizer) as primary container Sample storage: Refrigerator (4-8C) for storage up to 48 hours, Deep freezer (-70C) for longer storage (back up sample for future testing should be kept at -70C) Sample transport: Absorbent cotton, tissue paper, waste newspaper for wrapping primary container. Secondary container to hold primary container i.e. bigger tube or sealed plastic bag. | 0 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | Sample collection vials or tubes (leak proof and autoclavable) containing 1-3ml viral transport media (with protein stabilizer) as primary container Sample storage: Refrigerator (4-8C) for storage up to 48 hours, Deep freezer (-70C) for longer storage (back up sample for future testing should be kept at -70C) Sample transport: Absorbent cotton, tissue paper, waste newspaper for wrapping primary container. | 28 | page=28,block=1 | 0.700 | |
| What type of diagnostic tests may only require dipping a swab tip into the test kit or pipetting specimens and reagents? | Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Tests (RIDTs) | when dealing with small quantities or low concentration of culture or other materials and Class III bio safety cabinets when using or manipulating large quantities or high concentration of cultures or other materials) should be considered. BSL facility Tests/ procedures that should be performed Remarks BSL-2 practices without Class II BSC Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Tests (RIDTs) which are point of care tests may require just the dipping of swab tip into the test kit or pipetting specimens and reagents (not generating aerosols). | 341 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | BSL facility Tests/ procedures that should be performed Remarks BSL-2 practices without Class II BSC Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Tests (RIDTs) which are point of care tests may require just the dipping of swab tip into the test kit or pipetting specimens and reagents (not generating aerosols). | 6 | page=6,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What happens when there is leakage in the respirator? | loss of negative pressure in the respirator due to air entering through the gaps in the seal | If no leakage, negative pressure will make respirator cling to your face. Leakage will result in loss of negative pressure in the respirator due to air entering through the gaps in the seal | 97 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | Leakage will result in loss of negative pressure in the respirator due to air entering through the gaps in the seal | 42 | page=42,block=0 | 0.800 | valid |
| Why are Infections in humans and fowls known to occur? | the interspecies transmission and reassortment of influenza A viruses | Influenza viral infections, caused by different antigenic subtypes, can occur naturally in swine, horses, mink, seals and many domestic and wild avian species. Infections in humans and fowls are known to occur due to the interspecies transmission and reassortment of influenza A viruses. Many pandemics in the past like in 1918, 1957 and 1968, have occurred due to human influenza viruses which were found to be closely related to avian influenza viruses. | 217 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | Infections in humans and fowls are known to occur due to the interspecies transmission and reassortment of influenza A viruses. | 2 | page=2,block=4 | 0.800 | valid |
| Under what conditions can human and animal samples be processed in the same institution? | if separate working rooms under stringent condition are assigned for animal and human specimens | The validity of laboratory test is dependent on proper sample collection and handling which if done inappropriately can lead to incorrect diagnostic results. Human and animal samples should never be processed in the same laboratory. they could be processed in the same institution, if separate working rooms under stringent condition are assigned for animal and human specimens. The recommended procedures for collection, storage and transportation of human clinical samples for laboratory diagnosis of influenza are described in Guidelines for Collection, Storage and transportation of Human Clinical samples for Laboratory Diagnosis of Influenza. 3.2. Biosafety measures 3.2.1. | 282 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | they could be processed in the same institution, if separate working rooms under stringent condition are assigned for animal and human specimens. | 3 | page=3,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What causes loss of negative pressure in the respirator? | air entering through the gaps in the seal | If leakage is felt, adjust the position and /or tension straps. Retest the seal Repeat the steps until the respirator is secured properly Step5b) Negative seal check Inhale deeply. If no leakage, negative pressure will make respirator cling to your face. Leakage will result in loss of negative pressure in the respirator due to air entering through the gaps in the seal | 329 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | Leakage will result in loss of negative pressure in the respirator due to air entering through the gaps in the seal | 42 | page=42,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What condition must be met for human and animal samples to be processed in the same institution? | if separate working rooms under stringent condition are assigned for animal and human specimens | The validity of laboratory test is dependent on proper sample collection and handling which if done inappropriately can lead to incorrect diagnostic results. Human and animal samples should never be processed in the same laboratory. they could be processed in the same institution, if separate working rooms under stringent condition are assigned for animal and human specimens. The recommended procedures for collection, storage and transportation of human clinical samples for laboratory diagnosis of influenza are described in Guidelines for Collection, Storage and transportation of Human Clinical samples for Laboratory Diagnosis of Influenza. 3.2. Biosafety measures 3.2.1. | 282 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | they could be processed in the same institution, if separate working rooms under stringent condition are assigned for animal and human specimens. | 3 | page=3,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What determines the containment level required for laboratory facilities handling specific agents or materials? | risk assessment as per the WHO biosafety guidelines | All laboratory facilities commensurate with each laboratory’s function and the recommended containment level for the agents or materials being handled, based on risk assessment as per the WHO biosafety guidelines. The Laboratory levels for influenza testing should be either BSL2 or BSL3 depending on the risk hazard. 3.3. | 161 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/78851955051561442143.pdf | All laboratory facilities commensurate with each laboratory’s function and the recommended containment level for the agents or materials being handled, based on risk assessment as per the WHO biosafety guidelines. | 5 | page=5,block=11 | 0.700 | valid |
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| valid |