| What is the purpose of the National AMR Surveillance Network (NARS-Net)? | generating AMR surveillance data through a sentinel surveillance system | Under the National Programme on AMR Containment, National AMR Surveillance Network (NARS- Net) has been established which is a network of state medical college laboratories from across the country for generating AMR surveillance data through a sentinel surveillance system. NARS-Net currently includes surveillance of AMR in seven key priority pathogens responsible for the highest antibiotic resistance rates among bacteria that commonly cause human infections. These include Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas species, Acinetobacter species, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and Paratyphi. | 201 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | Under the National Programme on AMR Containment, National AMR Surveillance Network (NARS- Net) has been established which is a network of state medical college laboratories from across the country for generating AMR surveillance data through a sentinel surveillance system. | 12 | page=12,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is Antimicrobial resistance (AMR)? | a global health challenge that threatens the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to health for all | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge that threatens the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to health for all. WHO has declared AMR as one of the top 10 global public health threats. | 34 | definition | 0.980 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge that threatens the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to health for all. | 44 | page=44,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is Minocycline? | an alternate antimicrobial option to treat Acinetobacter infections | 24). Minocycline is an alternate antimicrobial option to treat Acinetobacter infections. Monitoring its resistance profile is also essential for the treatment of such infections. | 20 | definition | 0.980 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | Minocycline is an alternate antimicrobial option to treat Acinetobacter infections. | 43 | page=43,block=1 | 0.850 | valid |
| What does CLSI stand for? | Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute | Acronyms AMR Antimicrobial Resistance AST Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing BMD Broth Microdilution CLSI Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute CSV Comma delimited EQAS External Quality Assessment Scheme GLASS Global Antimicrobial Resistance and use Surveillance System IPD In-patient ICU Intensive Care Unit ID Identification IQC Internal Quality Control LIMS Laboratory Information Management System MRSA Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus NARS-Net National AMR Surveillance Network NFGNB Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli NCDC National Centre for Disease Control NRL National Reference Laboratory OPD Outpatient OSBF Other Sterile Body Fluids PA Pus aspirate R I S Resistant Intermediate Sensitive TMP/SMX Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole SOP Standard Operating Procedure VBA Virtual Basic Application VRE Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus species WHO World Health Organization | 108 | definition | 0.980 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | Acronyms AMR Antimicrobial Resistance AST Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing BMD Broth Microdilution CLSI Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute CSV Comma delimited EQAS External Quality Assessment Scheme GLASS Global Antimicrobial Resistance and use Surveillance System IPD In-patient ICU Intensive Care Unit ID Identification IQC Internal Quality Control LIMS Laboratory Information Management System MRSA Methicillin-Resistant S. |
| What does GLASS stand for? | Global Antimicrobial Resistance and use Surveillance System | Acronyms AMR Antimicrobial Resistance AST Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing BMD Broth Microdilution CLSI Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute CSV Comma delimited EQAS External Quality Assessment Scheme GLASS Global Antimicrobial Resistance and use Surveillance System IPD In-patient ICU Intensive Care Unit ID Identification IQC Internal Quality Control LIMS Laboratory Information Management System MRSA Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus NARS-Net National AMR Surveillance Network NFGNB Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli NCDC National Centre for Disease Control NRL National Reference Laboratory OPD Outpatient OSBF Other Sterile Body Fluids PA Pus aspirate R I S Resistant Intermediate Sensitive TMP/SMX Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole SOP Standard Operating Procedure VBA Virtual Basic Application VRE Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus species WHO World Health Organization | 216 | definition | 0.980 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | Acronyms AMR Antimicrobial Resistance AST Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing BMD Broth Microdilution CLSI Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute CSV Comma delimited EQAS External Quality Assessment Scheme GLASS Global Antimicrobial Resistance and use Surveillance System IPD In-patient ICU Intensive Care Unit ID Identification IQC Internal Quality Control LIMS Laboratory Information Management System MRSA Methicillin-Resistant S. |
| What does AST profile lists each organism and its AST result in? | numbers and percentage (%) RIS (Resistance, Intermediate, susceptible) to each antibiotic | Under examination, the completeness of demographical/clinical data and the antibiotic susceptibility profile are checked. AST profile lists each organism and its AST result in numbers and percentage (%) RIS (Resistance, Intermediate, susceptible) to each antibiotic. | 176 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | AST profile lists each organism and its AST result in numbers and percentage (%) RIS (Resistance, Intermediate, susceptible) to each antibiotic. | 15 | page=15,block=3 | 0.800 | valid |
| What happens if E. coli is detected in one culture and K. pneumoniae in another from the same patient? | both results have been included | if two blood cultures from the same patient yielded growth of E. coli, only the first AST profile was included in the report; if E. coli was detected in one culture and K. pneumoniae in the other, both results have been included. Both specimen data are included if E. coli is isolated from one blood culture and one urinary culture from the same patient. b. Priority Pathogens under surveillance in NARS- Net The AMR data collected under the NARS-Net for the year 2020 is from 29 tertiary health care facilities (medical colleges) in 24 states; following are the seven priority pathogens and five clinical samples included under AMR surveillance (Table 1). | 197 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | pneumoniae in the other, both results have been included. | 16 | page=16,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What happens if E. coli is isolated from one blood culture and one urinary culture from the same patient? | Both specimen data are included | if two blood cultures from the same patient yielded growth of E. coli, only the first AST profile was included in the report; if E. coli was detected in one culture and K. pneumoniae in the other, both results have been included. Both specimen data are included if E. coli is isolated from one blood culture and one urinary culture from the same patient. b. Priority Pathogens under surveillance in NARS- Net The AMR data collected under the NARS-Net for the year 2020 is from 29 tertiary health care facilities (medical colleges) in 24 states; following are the seven priority pathogens and five clinical samples included under AMR surveillance (Table 1). | 230 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | pneumoniae in the other, both results have been included. Both specimen data are included if E. | 16 | page=16,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What happens if two blood cultures from the same patient yield growth of E. coli? | only the first AST profile was included in the report | if two blood cultures from the same patient yielded growth of E. coli, only the first AST profile was included in the report; if E. coli was detected in one culture and K. pneumoniae in the other, both results have been included. Both specimen data are included if E. coli is isolated from one blood culture and one urinary culture from the same patient. b. Priority Pathogens under surveillance in NARS- Net The AMR data collected under the NARS-Net for the year 2020 is from 29 tertiary health care facilities (medical colleges) in 24 states; following are the seven priority pathogens and five clinical samples included under AMR surveillance (Table 1). | 71 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | coli, only the first AST profile was included in the report; if E. | 16 | page=16,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |
| What limitation could affect the AMR data quality? | lack of strict compliance to the internal quality control SoPs by some sites | The number of centres performing colistin BMD has increased compared to the previous year. During 2020, a virtual capacity-building program has been initiated to standardise bacteriology testing methods at the laboratories across the network using the ECHO platform. quarterly feedbacks on AMR data are provided to the network sites using a customised VBA tool (developed with support from CDC-India). Network laboratories have played an essential role in improving the patient demographic & AST data compliance. Most sites have also become stringent in conducting internal quality control of antibiotic discs as per recommendations under the programme. Certain limitations that could affect this data are lack of strict compliance to the internal quality control SoPs by some sites. Including data from greater | 706 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/amr36.pdf | Certain limitations that could affect this data are lack of strict compliance to the internal quality control SoPs by some sites. | 44 | page=44,block=2 | 0.700 |