23 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from LRF Outlook for Second Half of SW Monsoon Season: 2010, published by ncdc.mohfw.gov.in. The source is a 6-page publication. Source-evidenced topics include india meteorological department, seasonal temperatures, hot weather season, monthly rainfall, heatwave, gujarat, andhra pradesh, south peninsular india. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. Question types in the export: 8 list, 6 summary, 4 definition, 3 factual, 2 relationship. 20 of the 23 pairs (87.0%) ask explanatory questions; the remaining 3 are factual or table-based questions. 95.65% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
This dataset contains 23 extractive question-and-answer pairs derived from the India Meteorological Department's (IMD) outlook for the second half of the southwest monsoon season in 2010. The questions cover topics such as rainfall forecasts, heatwave definitions, and temperature outlooks for specific regions in India. Each answer is a direct excerpt from the source document, which spans six pages. The dataset includes metadata such as the location of the answer within the source document, ensuring traceability.
Browse more economy datasets, including other records from the same source when available.
Explore Economy datasetsamr3 - Question and Answer Dataset
Health · 5 rows
amr32 - Question and Answer Dataset
Health · 291 rows
amr46 - Question and Answer Dataset
Health · 114 rows
Book 1.indb - Question and Answer Dataset
Health · 107 rows
Annual Report 2015-16 by agriwelfare.gov.in - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 1K+ rows
Higher Education in India - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 1.5K+ rows
Gender Policy of NABARD - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 14 rows
ICAR Annual Report 2025-26 - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 1.1K+ rows
Use the API URL with your free DD token in notebooks, scripts, and pipelines.
https://www.desidata.in/api/datasets/ncdc-mohfw-gov-in-df1273e8e6e19ef488e7ce442fbc4c1d/downloadDataset downloads are free. For Python or API downloads, sign in once and create a free DD token; set it as DD_TOKEN or save it in your notebook's secrets. Requests are linked to your account so your download history and counts stay accurate.
# One-time install: pip install desidata
# Set DD_TOKEN in your environment first (create a free token in Profile & settings).
import desidata
df = desidata.load("ncdc-mohfw-gov-in-df1273e8e6e19ef488e7ce442fbc4c1d")
df.head()First 10 of 23 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_document | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What do the white-shaded areas within the land represent in the rainfall forecast map for March 2026? | no signal from the model | The probabilistic forecast of the spatial distribution of tercile rainfall categories (above normal, normal, and below normal) over the country for March 2026 is shown in Fig.4. The forecast suggests that normal to above-normal rainfall is likely over many parts of the country except northeast India and some parts of northwest and eastcentral India where the below normal rainfall is likely. The dotted areas in the map climatologically receive very less rainfall during March, and the white-shaded areas within the land represent no signal from the model. | 533 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | The dotted areas in the map climatologically receive very less rainfall during March, and the white-shaded areas within the land represent no signal from the model. | 3 | page=3,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the term 'heat wave' refer to in the context of weather forecasting? | a prolonged period of excessively hot weather (above certain threshold temperature value) | IMD has now prepared seasonal and monthly temperature forecast outlooks over the country for the upcoming hot weather season (March to May 2026) and for March 2026. The same are presented below in sections 2(a) and 2(b) respectively. Heat Wave over a location refers to a prolonged period of excessively hot weather (above certain threshold temperature value) over the loation. The heatwave outlook for the hot weather season (MAM) and for March 2026 over the country is presented in section 3. The monthly outlook for rainfall for March 2026 is presented in section 4. 2. (a) Seasonal Temperature Outlook for March to May (MAM) 2026 Fig.1a and Fig.1b show the probabilistic forecast of the maximum and minimum temperatures respectively, for the March to May (MAM) 2026 season. | 270 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | Heat Wave over a location refers to a prolonged period of excessively hot weather (above certain threshold temperature value) over the loation. | 2 | page=2,block=1 | ||
| What forecasting system does the India Meteorological Department use for seasonal temperature outlooks? | Multi-Model Ensemble (MME)–based forecasting system | Outlook for the Seasonal Temperatures during the Hot Weather Season (March to May) and Monthly Rainfall and Temperatures During March, 2026 1. Background Since 2016, the India Meteorological Department under the Ministry of Earth Sciences has been issuing seasonal temperature outlooks for the country covering both the hot weather and cold weather seasons. Simultaneously, IMD has been continuously enhancing the accuracy and reliability of its forecasting models. seasonal forecasts are generated using a newly developed Multi-Model Ensemble (MME)–based forecasting system. This approach integrates outputs from multiple coupled global climate models (CGCMs) developed by leading climate prediction and research centres worldwide, including IMD’s own Monsoon Mission Climate Forecast System (MMCFS) model, to improve forecast skill and robustness. | 523 | definition | 1.000 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | seasonal forecasts are generated using a newly developed Multi-Model Ensemble (MME)–based forecasting system. | 2 | |||
| What does the Multi-Model Ensemble (MME)–based forecasting system integrate? | outputs from multiple coupled global climate models (CGCMs) | Outlook for the Seasonal Temperatures during the Hot Weather Season (March to May) and Monthly Rainfall and Temperatures During March, 2026 1. Background Since 2016, the India Meteorological Department under the Ministry of Earth Sciences has been issuing seasonal temperature outlooks for the country covering both the hot weather and cold weather seasons. Simultaneously, IMD has been continuously enhancing the accuracy and reliability of its forecasting models. seasonal forecasts are generated using a newly developed Multi-Model Ensemble (MME)–based forecasting system. This approach integrates outputs from multiple coupled global climate models (CGCMs) developed by leading climate prediction and research centres worldwide, including IMD’s own Monsoon Mission Climate Forecast System (MMCFS) model, to improve forecast skill and robustness. | 601 | relationship | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | This approach integrates outputs from multiple coupled global climate models (CGCMs) developed by leading climate prediction and research centres worldwide, including IMD’s own Monsoon Mission Climate Forecast System (MMCFS) model, to improve forecast skill and robustness. | ||||
| What does Figure 4 illustrate about rainfall over India during March 2026? | Probability forecast of tercile categories* (below normal, normal, and above normal) | Fig3a. Probability forecast of heatwave events for the season March to May 2026. Fig3b. Probability forecast of heatwave events for March 2026. Fig.4. Probability forecast of tercile categories* (below normal, normal, and above normal) for the rainfall over India during March 2026. The figure illustrates the most likely categories as well as their probabilities. The dotted area shown in the map climatologically receives very less rainfall and the white-shaded areas within the land areas represent no signal from the model. (*Tercile categories have equal climatological probabilities, of 33.33% each). | 151 | summary | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | Fig.4. Probability forecast of tercile categories* (below normal, normal, and above normal) for the rainfall over India during March 2026. | 6 | page=6,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the dotted area on the rainfall probability forecast map indicate? | climatologically receives very less rainfall | Fig3a. Probability forecast of heatwave events for the season March to May 2026. Fig3b. Probability forecast of heatwave events for March 2026. Fig.4. Probability forecast of tercile categories* (below normal, normal, and above normal) for the rainfall over India during March 2026. The figure illustrates the most likely categories as well as their probabilities. The dotted area shown in the map climatologically receives very less rainfall and the white-shaded areas within the land areas represent no signal from the model. (*Tercile categories have equal climatological probabilities, of 33.33% each). | 398 | summary | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | The dotted area shown in the map climatologically receives very less rainfall and the white-shaded areas within the land areas represent no signal from the model. | 6 | page=6,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the white-shaded area within the land areas on the rainfall probability forecast map represent? | no signal from the model | Fig3a. Probability forecast of heatwave events for the season March to May 2026. Fig3b. Probability forecast of heatwave events for March 2026. Fig.4. Probability forecast of tercile categories* (below normal, normal, and above normal) for the rainfall over India during March 2026. The figure illustrates the most likely categories as well as their probabilities. The dotted area shown in the map climatologically receives very less rainfall and the white-shaded areas within the land areas represent no signal from the model. (*Tercile categories have equal climatological probabilities, of 33.33% each). | 502 | summary | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | The dotted area shown in the map climatologically receives very less rainfall and the white-shaded areas within the land areas represent no signal from the model. | 6 | page=6,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| Where are above-normal maximum temperatures very likely during the March to May 2026 season? | over most parts of the country, except over some parts of Northwest and central India | The probability forecast for maximum temperatures (Fig.1a) indicates that above-normal maximum temperatures are very likely over most parts of the country, except over some parts of Northwest and central India where normal or below-normal maximum temperatures are very likely.. The probability forecast for minimum temperatures (Fig.1b) indicates that during the season (MAM), above-normal minimum temperatures are very likely over most parts of the country except some parts of South Peninsular India and isolated regions of remaining parts of the country where normal to below normal minimum temperatures are likely. 2. (b) Monthly Temperature Outlook for March 2026 Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b show the forecast probabilities of the maximum and minimum temperatures, respectively, for March 2026. | 124 | summary | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | The probability forecast for maximum temperatures (Fig.1a) indicates that above-normal maximum temperatures are very likely over most parts of the country, except over some parts of Northwest and central India where normal or below-normal maximum temperatures are very likely.. | ||||
| Where are above-normal minimum temperatures very likely during the March to May 2026 season? | over most parts of the country except some parts of South Peninsular India and isolated regions of remaining parts of the country | The probability forecast for maximum temperatures (Fig.1a) indicates that above-normal maximum temperatures are very likely over most parts of the country, except over some parts of Northwest and central India where normal or below-normal maximum temperatures are very likely.. The probability forecast for minimum temperatures (Fig.1b) indicates that during the season (MAM), above-normal minimum temperatures are very likely over most parts of the country except some parts of South Peninsular India and isolated regions of remaining parts of the country where normal to below normal minimum temperatures are likely. 2. (b) Monthly Temperature Outlook for March 2026 Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b show the forecast probabilities of the maximum and minimum temperatures, respectively, for March 2026. | 427 | summary | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | The probability forecast for minimum temperatures (Fig.1b) indicates that during the season (MAM), above-normal minimum temperatures are very likely over most parts of the country except some parts of South Peninsular India and isolated regions of remaining parts of the country where normal to below normal minimum temperatures are likely. | ||||
| Where are monthly maximum temperatures likely to be normal to below normal during March 2026? | over many parts of India | During March 2026, monthly maximum temperatures are likely to be normal to below normal over many parts of India, except northeast India, adjoining east India and some parts of Western Himalayan region and central & Peninsular India, where above normal maximum temperatures are likely(Fig. 2a). | 88 | summary | 0.970 | https://ncdc.mohfw.gov.in/uploads/pdf/2.%20Outlook%20IMD%20March%20to%20May%202026.pdf | During March 2026, monthly maximum temperatures are likely to be normal to below normal over many parts of India, except northeast India, adjoining east India and some parts of Western Himalayan region and central & Peninsular India, where above normal maximum temperatures are likely(Fig. | 2 | page=2,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| page=2,block=1 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 2 |
| page=2,block=1 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 2 |
| page=2,block=1 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 2 |
| page=2,block=1 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |