1775 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from India State, published by fsi.nic.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 424 of the 1775 pairs (23.9%) are explanatory questions and 1351 restate a figure. 99.04% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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# One-time install: pip install desidata
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import desidata
df = desidata.load("india-state-of-forest-report-2023-question-and-answer-dataset")
df.head()Sign in with Google to download.
Strong coverage with minor gaps in documentation or freshness.
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First 10 of 1,775 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What does the term niche describe in a habitat? | the role or job of a species in a habitat | These resources include renewable (reproducible) and non- renewable (non-reproducible, mined) resources, although many resources can be included in both, depending on region or specific conditions. Niche Niche is the role or job of a species in a habitat. The word niche comes from the French word nicher, which means “to nest.” An ecological niche describes how a species interacts with, and lives in, its habitat. | 213 | definition | 1.000 | Niche Niche is the role or job of a species in a habitat. | 28 | page=28,block=13 | 0.850 | valid |
| What does stratification involve in terms of area division? | the division of the area into more homogenous units | Soil organic matter It is the organic component of soil containing small plant residues, small living soil organism and decomposed organic matter. Stratification Stratification is the division of the area into more homogenous units. The purpose of stratification is to increase precision of estimates. | 180 | definition | 1.000 | Stratification Stratification is the division of the area into more homogenous units. | 29 | page=29,block=9 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are volume equations used for in forestry? | the mathematical equation which provide estimates of individual tree volumes based on easily measureable characteristics of trees like tree diameter, height, or others | Very Dense Forest Lands with forest cover having a canopy density of 70 per cent and above. Volume equations Volume equation are the mathematical equation which provide estimates of individual tree volumes based on easily measureable characteristics of trees like tree diameter, height, or others. WFS The Web Feature Service (WFS) is an interface specified by the Open GIS Consortium (OGC) that allows for the exchange of geographic data across the Web. | 129 | definition | 1.000 | Volume equations Volume equation are the mathematical equation which provide estimates of individual tree volumes based on easily measureable characteristics of trees like tree diameter, height, or others. | 30 | page=30,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the global effort aimed at restoring deforested and degraded lands called? | a global effort to bring under restoration 150 million hectares of the world’s deforested and degraded lands by 2020, and 350 million hectares by 2030 | 8. Bonn Challenge Bonn Challenge is a global effort to bring under restoration 150 million hectares of the world’s deforested and degraded lands by 2020, and 350 million hectares by 2030. India has made commitment of bringing 26 million ha under this initiative to restore degraded landscapes. | 36 | definition | 1.000 | Bonn Challenge Bonn Challenge is a global effort to bring under restoration 150 million hectares of the world’s deforested and degraded lands by 2020, and 350 million hectares by 2030. | 49 | page=49,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What type of disaster are forest fires considered in India? | one of the national disasters in India requiring holistic approach to mitigate and control | Forest fires are one of the national disasters in India requiring holistic approach to mitigate and control. FSI contributes in a big way in this direction, by undertaking regular assessment, and issuing alerts to the State Forest Departments, as given below: • Assessment of fire prone forest areas What You Find in this Report 1.9 | 17 | definition | 1.000 | Forest fires are one of the national disasters in India requiring holistic approach to mitigate and control. | 57 | page=57,block=11 | 0.850 | valid |
| What characteristic allows mangrove species to tolerate saltwater while requiring freshwater? | considered facultative halophytes, meaning they can tolerate saltwater ecologically while requiring freshwater physiologically | These plants thrive in areas with high rainfall, typically ranging from 2,100 to 6,400 mm (Kathiresan and Qasim, 2005)1. Mangrove species are considered facultative halophytes, meaning they can tolerate saltwater ecologically while requiring freshwater physiologically. To survive in waterlogged soils, high salinity, and the frequent challenges of cyclonic storms and tidal surges, mangrove species have developed various adaptations in their morphology, anatomy, and physiology. | 142 | definition | 1.000 | Mangrove species are considered facultative halophytes, meaning they can tolerate saltwater ecologically while requiring freshwater physiologically. | 121 | page=121,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of the MISHTI program? | a government-led initiative with an aim of increasing the mangrove cover along the coastline and on salt-pans along the country | Considering the above, and in line with the UN Decade of Ecosystem Restoration 2021–2030, Government of India has recently announced MISHTI program. MISHTI is a government-led initiative with an aim of increasing the mangrove cover along the coastline and on salt-pans along the country. MISHTI envisages to comprehensively explore the possible area for development of Mangroves covering approximately 540 km2 spreading across 11 States and 2 Union Territories during five years commencing FY 2023-24 onwards. | 159 | definition | 1.000 | MISHTI is a government-led initiative with an aim of increasing the mangrove cover along the coastline and on salt-pans along the country. | 127 | page=127,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the basis of the design used for forest inventory grids? | based on country wide uniform grids of size 5 km x 5 km | As pointed out earlier, FSI switched over to a distance based grid sampling design from district based design in 2016. The design is based on country wide uniform grids of size 5 km x 5 km. Each grid is marked serially with 1 to 5 number for forest inventory and 1 to 10 for TOF inventory. | 133 | definition | 1.000 | The design is based on country wide uniform grids of size 5 km x 5 km. | 189 | page=189,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the basis for the current estimates of TOF-rural? | based on 42,972 sampled plots of TOF-rural, inventoried during 2016 to 2022 | For this, only rural TOF plots have been taken into consideration. The present estimates are based on 42,972 sampled plots of TOF-rural, inventoried during 2016 to 2022. Out of these plots, about 40,042 plots have atleast one tree of size 5 cm dbh and above. | 93 | definition | 1.000 | The present estimates are based on 42,972 sampled plots of TOF-rural, inventoried during 2016 to 2022. | 240 | page=240,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What function do India’s forests serve in relation to carbon? | a net sink of corbon | Forest Survey of India vi India’s forests support the livelihoods of about 17% of the global human population and 18% of the world’s total livestock. Since ancient times, India has been managing its forest in a sustatinable manner with people’s participation. Due to meticulous planing and pro-active Goverment policies, the country has managed to manitain an upward trend in extent of forest cover. As per Global Forest Resource Assessment (GFRA, 2020) published by FAO, India is ranked amongst the top 10 countries of the world, in terms of forest area and holds 3rd postion for highest annual net gain in forest cover between 2010-2020. Accordingly, India’s forests act as a net sink of corbon. This shows the commitment of our country towards climate change mitigation and adaptaion. | 676 | definition | 1.000 | Accordingly, India’s forests act as a net sink of corbon. | 7 | page=7,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
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