765 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Impact of NHM on Health Systems Governance & Human Resources, published by niti.gov.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 557 of the 765 pairs (72.8%) are explanatory questions and 208 restate a figure. 99.74% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
Use the API URL with your free DD token in notebooks, scripts, and pipelines.
https://www.desidata.in/api/datasets/impact-of-nhm-on-health-systems-governance-and-human-resources-question-and/downloadDataset downloads are free. For Python or API downloads, sign in once and create a free DD token; set it as DD_TOKEN or save it in your notebook's secrets. Requests are linked to your account so your download history and counts stay accurate.
# One-time install: pip install desidata
# Set DD_TOKEN in your environment first (create a free token in Profile & settings).
import desidata
df = desidata.load("impact-of-nhm-on-health-systems-governance-and-human-resources-question-and")
df.head()Sign in with Google to download.
Strong coverage with minor gaps in documentation or freshness.
Multidimensional Poverty in India Since 2005-06 - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 93 rows
India National Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023 - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 207 rows
Sustainable Development Goals in the North Eastern Region Report 2023–24 - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 263 rows
Annual Report 2015-16 by agriwelfare.gov.in - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 1,013 rows
Higher Education in India - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 1,594 rows
Gender Policy of NABARD - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 14 rows
ICAR Annual Report 2025-26 - Question and Answer Dataset
Economy · 1,101 rows
First 10 of 765 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the role of the State Health Society? | one of the important institutional mechanism for efficient administration and supervising various program under NHM | The State Health Society is one of the important institutional mechanism for efficient administration and supervising various program under NHM. The SHS has governing body and executive body. | 28 | definition | 1.000 | The State Health Society is one of the important institutional mechanism for efficient administration and supervising various program under NHM. | 48 | page=48,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What concerns were raised about the planning, execution, and management of programs? | expressed about the lack of coordination in the planning, execution and management of programs | The directorate is responsible for the implementation of state funded diseases control and disease eradication programs, family welfare, school health and universal immunization programs. Serious concerns were expressed about the lack of coordination in the planning, execution and management of programs. In this regard, the SPMU was seen as a parallel structure created by the NHM which was given control over technical aspects of the management of various programs, which had earlier been the ambit of the directorate. | 210 | definition | 1.000 | Serious concerns were expressed about the lack of coordination in the planning, execution and management of programs. | 60 | page=60,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is defined as an instrument linking financing to pre-determined results with payment made after verification of delivery? | an instrument that links financing to pre-determined results, with payment made only upon verification that the agreed-upon results have actually been delivered | Results-Based Financing (RBF) is an instrument that links financing to pre-determined results, with payment made only upon verification that the agreed-upon results have actually been delivered. RBF can help improve both supply and demand side performance of health systems striving for responsive and effective public health service delivery. | 33 | definition | 1.000 | Results-Based Financing (RBF) is an instrument that links financing to pre-determined results, with payment made only upon verification that the agreed-upon results have actually been delivered. | 93 | page=93,block=13 | 0.850 | valid |
| What issues affect the effectiveness of training programs? | not based on need, follow-up and mentorship is absent in all training program | There is an urgent need to have uniform HR policy of NHM staff. Trainings are not based on need, follow-up and mentorship is absent in all training program. Trainings are not effective and efficient without follow up and mentorship. | 78 | definition | 1.000 | Trainings are not based on need, follow-up and mentorship is absent in all training program. | 168 | page=168,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What feature of a matrix organization contributes to role ambiguity at the managerial level? | a dual chain of command | directorate sets up its own organization for fast implementing of the project. In turn this weakens the directorate further. At Managerial level The researchers noted role ambiguity related to a dual chain of command characteristic of a matrix organization, at the CMO/CHDO level, which is the key stakeholder in district health management, in many cases, the CMOs office worked directly with NHM, and the directorate is by passed. MD NHM directly speaks to the CMO and control the function of CMOs. The common perception was that the money flows from the NHM and the power lies where the money comes from. These findings can be attributed to a lack of authority with directorate officials in NHM, work flow and fund flow with standardization of data reporting structure. | 193 | definition | 1.000 | At Managerial level The researchers noted role ambiguity related to a dual chain of command characteristic of a matrix organization, at the CMO/CHDO level, which is the key stakeholder in district health management, in many cases, the CMOs office worked directly with NHM, and the directorate is by passed. | 17 | page=17,block=0 | ||
| What type of mechanisms are missing in the NHM's fund allocation process? | flexible and need based mechanisms | We noted a lack of flexible and need based mechanisms for funds allocation catering to the requirements along with the performance based allocation NHM has provided financial power to the periphery through the District Health Society model. The societies are working well. we found an urgent need to invest in capacity building amongst stakeholders who are part of DHS for optimal involvement. It can also improve the coordination between the periphery and the center. | 19 | definition | 1.000 | We noted a lack of flexible and need based mechanisms for funds allocation catering to the requirements along with the performance based allocation NHM has provided financial power to the periphery through the District Health Society model. | 17 | page=17,block=13 | 0.700 | valid |
| Why is data considered useless in certain situations? | unless analyzed and used for decision making | Data, unless analyzed and used for decision making is useless. There is a significant lack of capabilities to make sense of data and analyze the data. This is because the existing officers and staff are not trained in public health and health statistics, and there is very limited or no health data experts hired in NHM. Even NHSRC has this weakness. This is a major hurdle in data based decision making. The need is to build a credible public health work-force who are apt at data analysis and interpretation. Other option is to outsource the data management functions. There is not state wise or national statistical and narrative report of NHM, which is highly desirable. | 6 | definition | 1.000 | Data, unless analyzed and used for decision making is useless. | 20 | page=20,block=3 | 0.700 | valid |
| What aspects are included in the concept of equity in the workplace? | ‘similar pay for similar work’, equal opportunities for career progression and appropriate allocation of work | Perception of equity amongst the employees is an important aspect of all three forms of organizational justice- procedural, distributive as well as interactive. Equity relates to ‘similar pay for similar work’, equal opportunities for career progression and appropriate allocation of work. While NHM had enabled decentralization, shifting the power to the district and state level through the PIP process, there were other issues related to collocation of two different types and levels of employees- jeopardizing the equity perceptions amongst the employees. These are given below. | 179 | definition | 1.000 | Equity relates to ‘similar pay for similar work’, equal opportunities for career progression and appropriate allocation of work. | 22 | page=22,block=1 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is a key element of good governance in HR policies? | Uniformity in implementation of HR policies | Establishing a well-resourced professional, efficient HRH cell at the state level Enhancement of HRH has been one of the significant improvements in the health system brought about by NHM. We suggest creating an efficient HRH cell at the state level with professionally trained HR personnel with authority to recruit, train and deploy HR for various cadres of health department. HRH as an integral part of HMIS Implementation of uniform and standard HRH platform should be an integral part of HMIS. The HRH system should enable tracking and mapping of HRH across the state. Recruitment, training, performance evaluation, transfers and other HR subsystems need to be managed through HMIS Uniform HR policy Uniformity in implementation of HR policies is an important aspect of good governance. NHM should ensure uniform policies across states such as for recruitment and regularization of NHM staff. | 705 | definition | 1.000 | Recruitment, training, performance evaluation, transfers and other HR subsystems need to be managed through HMIS Uniform HR policy Uniformity in implementation of HR policies is an important aspect of good governance. | 24 | page=24,block=2 | ||
| What strategy has NHM adopted to improve the resilience of India's health system? | mission mode of structure and operation | NHM with its mission mode of structure and operation has contributed significantly to strengthen the resilience of the health system in India. The focus on decentralization and empowerment of the frontline and developing a community connection through an effective cadre of ASHA workers has been vital for awareness and adaptiveness in the system. NHM has also focused on integration of subsystems by bringing diverse programs under single umbrella and by instituting mechanisms such as PIP and enhancing managerial capabilities. The above study reiterates the need of continuing NHM in the mission mode, albeit with increase in | 13 | definition | 1.000 | NHM with its mission mode of structure and operation has contributed significantly to strengthen the resilience of the health system in India. | 25 | page=25,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 0.700 |
| valid |