| What are the components of full antenatal care? | at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days | Red – Worst five performing districts within the districts for a particular indicator C. * Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days D. ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother E. # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) F. ^ Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. | 114 | definition | 1.000 | * Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days D. | 21 | page=21,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What defines appropriate feeding practices for breastfed infants aged 6-8 months? | receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day | Red – Worst five performing districts within the districts for a particular indicator C. * Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days D. ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother E. # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) F. ^ Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. | 578 | definition | 1.000 | # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) F. |
| What defines appropriate feeding practices for breastfed children aged 9-23 months? | at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months | Red – Worst five performing districts within the districts for a particular indicator C. * Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days D. ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother E. # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) F. ^ Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. | 671 | definition | 1.000 | # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) F. |
| What measures under NHM have helped improve health indicators at the State level? | infrastructure strengthening under NHM, such as establishment of SNCUs, NBSUs and NBCCs | Ever since the inception of NHM in 2005, the State has shown a significant decline in IMR from 48. (2005) to 19 (2018), which is exceptionally lower than the national average of 32 (Annexure 2, Figure 1). NNMRl and Still Birth (per 1,000 live births) rates have also significantly declined from 30 and 19 (2005) to 13 and 7 (2018), respectively (Annexure 2, figure 4). Improvement in the indicators can be attributed to several interventions at the State level, including infrastructure strengthening under NHM, such as establishment of SNCUs, NBSUs and NBCCs (Annexure 1.4). The life expectancy at birth has also improved from 70 (2006-10) to 72. (2014-18) which is higher than the national average of 69.4 years (Annexure 2, Figure 3). | 472 | relationship | 0.970 | Improvement in the indicators can be attributed to several interventions at the State level, including infrastructure strengthening under NHM, such as establishment of SNCUs, NBSUs and NBCCs (Annexure 1.4). | 5 | page=5,block=6 | 0.700 | valid |
| What is used as the basis for determining breastfeeding practices for children? | Based on the youngest child living with the mother | Red – Worst five performing districts within the districts for a particular indicator C. * Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days D. ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother E. # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) F. ^ Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. | 259 | relationship | 0.970 | ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother E. | 21 | page=21,block=0 | 0.700 | valid |
| What was the purpose of using the 'vaccination card only' indicator in NFHS5? | to reduce the recall bias | Health Dossier 2021: Reflections on Key Health Indicators – Himachal Pradesh | 19 * NFHS5 replaced ‘Immunized’ (word) from NFHS4 to ‘Vaccinated’, Out of two Indicators with ‘either vaccination card or mother’s recall’ & ‘vaccination card only’ - ‘vaccination card only’ indicator was used to reduce the recall bias, among children whose vaccination card was shown to the interviewer, percentage vaccinated with BCG, measles-containing vaccine (MCV)/MR/MMR/Measles, and 3 doses each of polio (excluding polio vaccine given at birth) and DPT or penta vaccine ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) ^ Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. 13 Below -3 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard A. | 290 | relationship |
| How does the state's birth sex ratio compare to the national average? | higher than the national average (899) | Out of the 12 districts, only 1 district has a population between 10-20 lakhs, while the remaining 11 districts have a population less than 10 lakhs (Annexure 1. State profile). The State’s Sex ratio at birth (930 females for every 1000 males) is higher than the national average (899) (Annexure 1.2). It is estimated that 16% of the total population is in the age group of 10-19 years, 58% within 20 to 59 years; and 13% is 60 years and above (Figure 2). The crude birth rate has declined from 20.0 in 2005 to 15.7 in 2018, but the crude death rate has remained a constant of 6. (Annexure 2; figure2). The literacy rate increased from 76.5% in 2001 to 82.8% in 2011, with male & female literacy rates being 89.5% and 75.9%, respectively (Annexure 1.1). | 247 | comparison | 0.920 | The State’s Sex ratio at birth (930 females for every 1000 males) is higher than the national average (899) (Annexure 1.2). | 4 | page=4,block=4 | 0.700 | valid |
| How does the perception of illness among elderly men and women in the state compare to the national average? | below the national average of 31% | The illness (any deviation from the state of physical and mental well-being) perception among the elderly is reported as 30% for men and 27% for women, which are below the national average of 31% for each (Elderly in India 2016). d Basic Road Statistics 2019, MoRTH e Percentage of total length of roads in Himachal Pradesh f Percentage of total length of National Highways in the country g Percentage of total length of State Highways in the country h Gross Enrolment Rate (GER): Total enrolment in a specific level of education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the eligible official school-age population corresponding to the same level of education in a given school-year. | 162 | comparison | 0.920 | The illness (any deviation from the state of physical and mental well-being) perception among the elderly is reported as 30% for men and 27% for women, which are below the national average of 31% for each (Elderly in India 2016). | 4 | page=4,block=6 | 0.700 | valid |
| What term was replaced by 'Vaccinated' in NFHS5? | ‘Immunized’ | Health Dossier 2021: Reflections on Key Health Indicators – Himachal Pradesh | 19 * NFHS5 replaced ‘Immunized’ (word) from NFHS4 to ‘Vaccinated’, Out of two Indicators with ‘either vaccination card or mother’s recall’ & ‘vaccination card only’ - ‘vaccination card only’ indicator was used to reduce the recall bias, among children whose vaccination card was shown to the interviewer, percentage vaccinated with BCG, measles-containing vaccine (MCV)/MR/MMR/Measles, and 3 doses each of polio (excluding polio vaccine given at birth) and DPT or penta vaccine ** Based on the youngest child living with the mother # Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food groups not including the milk or milk products food group) ^ Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. 13 Below -3 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard A. | 100 | comparison | 0.840 |
| What does the sex ratio at birth measure? | Females/1000 Males | (Green – Good Performance, Red – Poor Performance) (District Wise Rural Urban Stats Not Available) S. No. States/Districts Data Source Sex Ratio At Birth (Females/1000 Males) Households with any usual member covered under a health insurance/ financing scheme (%) Women Literate 15-49 Age (%) Women Age 20-24 Years Married Before 18 (%) Any Method Used For Family Planning By Currently Married Women Age 15-49 years (%) | 155 | definition | 0.820 | States/Districts Data Source Sex Ratio At Birth (Females/1000 Males) Households with any usual member covered under a health insurance/ financing scheme (%) Women Literate 15-49 Age (%) Women Age 20-24 Years Married Before 18 (%) Any Method Used For Family Planning By Currently Married Women Age 15-49 years (%) | 20 | page=20,block=2 | 0.700 | valid |