849 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from the Economic Survey 2025-26, published by the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. The source analyses India's economic performance and policy measures against global trends, covering domestic and global growth, fiscal and monetary policy, sectoral performance across manufacturing, services and agriculture, trade and investment including exports, imports and FDI, infrastructure, employment and skilling, innovation, sustainability and climate finance, education reform, and human capital. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the Survey prints. Each row carries the passage the answer sits in, the character offset of the answer within that passage, the exact source quote, the page number and the location inside the document, so any row can be checked against the original PDF. 175 of the 849 pairs (20.6%) are explanatory questions — definitions, cause-and-effect relationships, summaries, comparisons and lists — and 674 restate a figure or a table cell. 99.76% of rows pass the corpus quality gate with zero blocking findings. Coverage note: the Survey is long enough that 63.5% of it was read closely (325 of 512 parts). The dataset therefore reflects a sample spread evenly across the document rather than the whole of it. 8,468 of 13,514 text blocks and 84 of 286 tables were used.
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https://www.desidata.in/api/datasets/economic-survey-2025-26-question-answer-dataset/downloadDataset downloads are free. For Python or API downloads, sign in once and create a free DD token; set it as DD_TOKEN or save it in your notebook's secrets. Requests are linked to your account so your download history and counts stay accurate.
# One-time install: pip install desidata
# Set DD_TOKEN in your environment first (create a free token in Profile & settings).
import desidata
df = desidata.load("economic-survey-2025-26-question-answer-dataset")
df.head()First 10 of 849 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What milestone was achieved in September 2025 regarding unique investors? | the crossing of the 12-crore mark for unique investors in September 2025, with nearly a fourth of them being women | Findings from SEBI’s Investor Survey 2025 further underscores this transformation, as nearly 63 per cent of the households surveyed are aware of at least one securities market product.65 3.73 During FY26 (till December 2025), 235 lakh of demat accounts were added, pushing the total count beyond 21.6 crore. A key milestone was the crossing of the 12-crore mark for unique investors in September 2025, with nearly a fourth of them being women. The mutual fund industry also expanded, with 5.9 crore unique investors as at the end of December 2025, of which 3.5 crore (as of November 2025) were from non-tier-I and tier-II cities, underscoring the diffusion of financial participation beyond traditional urban centres. | 328 | definition | 1.000 | A key milestone was the crossing of the 12-crore mark for unique investors in September 2025, with nearly a fourth of them being women. | 168 | page=168,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is described as having significant potential for export growth and international leverage for India? | a low-hanging fruit with immense export potential | India must explore all opportunities to increase its export earnings to pay for the import needs of a growing economy. Agricultural exports are a low-hanging fruit with immense export potential. Importantly, they carry international leverage for India. | 144 | definition | 1.000 | Agricultural exports are a low-hanging fruit with immense export potential. | 208 | page=208,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the nominal effective exchange rate used for in the regression analysis? | the exchange rate variable of interest for the regression which analyses net total trade and net merchandise trade | Economic Survey 2025-26 192 192 Where ln Yt refers to BoP variables such as net total trade, net merchandise trade, net services trade and net capital balance. The nominal effective exchange rate (NEER) is the exchange rate variable of interest for the regression which analyses net total trade and net merchandise trade. For the regression which analyses services trade, the relevant exchange rate variable is Rupee denominated in US dollar terms.110 Finally, the regression which analyses the financial channel uses net capital balance as the dependent variable and a debt-weighted exchange rate (DWER) is used as the exchange rate variable. | 206 | definition | 1.000 | The nominal effective exchange rate (NEER) is the exchange rate variable of interest for the regression which analyses net total trade and net merchandise trade. | 243 | page=243,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What was a significant aspect of managing protection in the production system? | the careful treatment of protection in different parts of the production system | Export performance thus acted as a practical test of whether capabilities were genuinely being built. An equally important feature was the careful treatment of protection in different parts of the production system. Policymakers were generally cautious about extending strong protection to upstream producers of basic materials and intermediate goods, such as steel, petrochemicals or industrial fibres, when these inputs were widely used across downstream manufacturing.113 High protection in these upstream sectors risked raising costs for a much larger set of firms engaged in export-oriented production. | 135 | definition | 1.000 | An equally important feature was the careful treatment of protection in different parts of the production system. | 246 | page=246,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What happens when nitrogen is no longer artificially inexpensive? | no longer artificially cheap, farmers begin to substitute towards phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, restoring nutrient balance | Soil, Water and Yield Effects The primary benefit of this transition is agronomic. When nitrogen is no longer artificially cheap, farmers begin to substitute towards phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, restoring nutrient balance. Soil carbon levels improve, microbial activity increases, and root systems develop more effectively. | 100 | definition | 1.000 | When nitrogen is no longer artificially cheap, farmers begin to substitute towards phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, restoring nutrient balance. | 291 | page=291,block=0 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the estimated revenue for video subscriptions in 2024? | estimated at ₹9,200 crore in 2024 | Segment-wise, audio-visual and film services remain central, with India among the world’s largest content producers, and revenues are increasingly driven by digital distribution. Video subscription revenues are estimated at ₹9,200 crore in 2024. Broadcasting and advertising have shifted decisively from linear TV to OTT and mobile platforms, with digital advertising growing faster than traditional formats. | 211 | definition | 1.000 | Video subscription revenues are estimated at ₹9,200 crore in 2024. | 338 | page=338,block=11 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the global standing of the Indian pharmaceutical industry by volume? | the world’s third-largest by volume, meeting approximately 20 per cent of global generics demand, with exports to 191 countries in FY25 | Pharmaceuticals 8.32. The Indian pharmaceutical industry is the world’s third-largest by volume, meeting approximately 20 per cent of global generics demand, with exports to 191 countries in FY25. Over 50 per cent of these exports are directed to highly regulated | 60 | definition | 1.000 | The Indian pharmaceutical industry is the world’s third-largest by volume, meeting approximately 20 per cent of global generics demand, with exports to 191 countries in FY25. | 358 | page=358,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
| What are the features of the portal designed for resolving payment disputes for MSMEs? | designed for accessibility, featuring an end-to-end digital process that is faster and more cost-effective than traditional channels | This early, dialogue-based resolution mechanism allows MSMEs to recover delayed payments without undermining business relationships. The portal is designed for accessibility, featuring an end-to-end digital process that is faster and more cost-effective than traditional channels. Its low-cost structure, multi- layered resolution mechanism (combining negotiation, conciliation, and arbitration), and 24X7 availability in multiple languages make dispute resolution economically viable even for very small claims. | 147 | definition | 1.000 | The portal is designed for accessibility, featuring an end-to-end digital process that is faster and more cost-effective than traditional channels. | 379 | page=379,block=5 | 0.850 | valid |
| What type of organization is Kochi Metro Rail Limited? | a joint venture between the Government of India and the Government of Kerala | The project is institutionalised through a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) incorporated in 2021, with the Government of Kerala holding 74 per cent equity and Kochi Metro Rail Limited (KMRL) holding the remaining 26 per cent. KMRL itself is a joint venture between the Government of India and the Government of Kerala.18 The project entails a planned network of 15 routes covering approximately 78 km, connecting 10 islands through 38 modern terminals and jetties. | 238 | definition | 1.000 | KMRL itself is a joint venture between the Government of India and the Government of Kerala. | 408 | page=408,block=12 | 0.850 | valid |
| What is the purpose of the Namami Gange Programme? | a comprehensive river-conservation initiative aimed at rejuvenating the Ganga basin | *Note: FHTC- Functional Household Tap Connection Water Resources Management Sector 9.51 The Namami Gange Programme is a comprehensive river-conservation initiative aimed at rejuvenating the Ganga basin. It focuses on ensuring clean (Nirmal Dhara) and continuous (Aviral Dhara) flow, restoring natural habitats, reviving biodiversity, and promoting sustainable water governance through integrated infrastructure and community participation. | 118 | definition | 1.000 | The Namami Gange Programme is a comprehensive river-conservation initiative aimed at rejuvenating the Ganga basin. | 422 | page=422,block=4 | 0.850 | valid |
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