36 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from Cars, planes, trains: where do CO₂ emissions from transport come from? | Our World in Data, published by ourworldindata.org. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 19 of the 36 pairs (52.8%) are explanatory questions and 17 restate a figure. 91.67% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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df = desidata.load("cars-planes-trains-where-do-co-emissions-from-transport-come-from-question-and")
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Usable for analysis, but expect some cleaning before you rely on it.
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First 10 of 36 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What technological innovation is seen as a viable option to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles? | the rise of electric vehicles | In itsEnergy Technology Perspectivesreport, the International Energy Agency (IEA) expects global transport (measured in passenger kilometers) to double, car ownership rates to increase by 60%, and demand for passenger and freight aviation to triple by 2070.2Combined, these factors would result in a large increase in transport emissions. major technological innovations can help offset this rise in demand. As the world shifts towards lower-carbon electricity sources, the rise of electric vehicles offers a viable option to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles. This is reflected in the IEA’sEnergy Technology Perspectivereport, which outlines its “Sustainable Development Scenario” for reaching net-zero CO2 emissions from global energy by 2070. The visualization shows the pathways for the different elements of the transport sector in this optimistic scenario. | 470 | definition | 1.000 | As the world shifts towards lower-carbon electricity sources, the rise of electric vehicles offers a viable option to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What is required to offset emissions in the energy sector to reach net zero? | ‘negative emissions’ (e.g., the capture and storage of carbon from bioenergy ordirect air capture) | To reach net zero for the energy sector, these emissions would have to be offset by ‘negative emissions’ (e.g., the capture and storage of carbon from bioenergy ordirect air capture) from other parts of the energy system. In the IEA’s net-zero scenario, nearly two-thirds of the emissions reductions come from technologies that are not yet commercially available. As the IEA states, “Reducing CO2emissions in the transport sector over the next half-century will be a formidable task.”2 TheWorld Resource Institute’s Climate Data Explorerprovides datafrom CAIT on the breakdown of emissions by sector. In 2016, global CO2emissions (including land use) were 36.7 billion tonnes of CO2; emissions from transport were 7.9 billion tonnes of CO2. Transport, therefore, accounted for 7.9 / 36.7 = 21% of global emissions. | 84 | definition | 1.000 | To reach net zero for the energy sector, these emissions would have to be offset by ‘negative emissions’ (e.g., the capture and storage of carbon from bioenergy ordirect air capture) from other parts of the energy system. | p[11] | |||
| What is the primary source of emissions categorized as 'other transport'? | the movement of materials such as water, oil, and gas via pipelines | It emits just under one billion tonnes of CO2each year — around 2.5% of total global emissions[we look at air travel's role in climate change in more detail inanother article]. International shipping contributes a similar amount, at 10.6%. Rail travel and freight emit very little — only 1% of transport emissions. Other transport — mainly the movement of materials such as water, oil, and gas via pipelines — is responsible for 2.2%. Transport demand is expected to grow worldwide in the coming decades as the global population increases, incomes rise, and more people can afford cars, trains, and flights. | 340 | definition | 1.000 | Other transport — mainly the movement of materials such as water, oil, and gas via pipelines — is responsible for 2.2%. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What technological innovation is highlighted as a solution to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles? | the rise of electric vehicles | In itsEnergy Technology Perspectivesreport, the International Energy Agency (IEA) expects global transport (measured in passenger kilometers) to double, car ownership rates to increase by 60%, and demand for passenger and freight aviation to triple by 2070.2Combined, these factors would result in a large increase in transport emissions. major technological innovations can help offset this rise in demand. As the world shifts towards lower-carbon electricity sources, the rise of electric vehicles offers a viable option to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles. This is reflected in the IEA’sEnergy Technology Perspectivereport, which outlines its “Sustainable Development Scenario” for reaching net-zero CO2 emissions from global energy by 2070. The visualization shows the pathways for the different elements of the transport sector in this optimistic scenario. | 470 | definition | 1.000 | As the world shifts towards lower-carbon electricity sources, the rise of electric vehicles offers a viable option to reduce emissions from passenger vehicles. | p[0] | 0.700 | ||
| What would be necessary to offset emissions from the energy sector to reach net zero? | ‘negative emissions’ (e.g., the capture and storage of carbon from bioenergy ordirect air capture) | To reach net zero for the energy sector, these emissions would have to be offset by ‘negative emissions’ (e.g., the capture and storage of carbon from bioenergy ordirect air capture) from other parts of the energy system. In the IEA’s net-zero scenario, nearly two-thirds of the emissions reductions come from technologies that are not yet commercially available. As the IEA states, “Reducing CO2emissions in the transport sector over the next half-century will be a formidable task.”2 TheWorld Resource Institute’s Climate Data Explorerprovides datafrom CAIT on the breakdown of emissions by sector. In 2016, global CO2emissions (including land use) were 36.7 billion tonnes of CO2; emissions from transport were 7.9 billion tonnes of CO2. Transport, therefore, accounted for 7.9 / 36.7 = 21% of global emissions. | 84 | definition | 1.000 | To reach net zero for the energy sector, these emissions would have to be offset by ‘negative emissions’ (e.g., the capture and storage of carbon from bioenergy ordirect air capture) from other parts of the energy system. | p[11] | |||
| What challenges limit the use of hydrogen or batteries as fuel for planes, ships, and large trucks? | the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks | Other transport sectors will be much more difficult to decarbonize. In a paper published inScience, Steven Davis and colleagues looked at our options across sectors to reach a net-zero emissions energy system.3They highlighted long-distance road freight (large trucks), aviation, and shipping as particularly difficult to eliminate. The potential for hydrogen as a fuel or batteries to run planes, ships, and large trucks is limited by the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines. So, despite falling by three-quarters in the visualized scenario, emissions from these sub-sectors would still make transport the largest contributor to energy-related emissions in 2070. | 436 | relationship | 0.970 | The potential for hydrogen as a fuel or batteries to run planes, ships, and large trucks is limited by the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines. | p[11] | |||
| Under what conditions can visualizations and data from Our World in Data be used and reproduced? | provided the source and authors are credited | BibTeX citation All visualizations, data, and articles produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under theCreative Commons BY license. You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. The data produced by third parties and made available by Our World in Data is subject to the license terms from the original third-party authors. We will always indicate the original source of the data in our documentation, so you should always check the license of any such third-party data before use and redistribution. All ofour charts can be embeddedin any site. how can we expect the sector’s CO Transport accounts for around one-fifth of global CO₂ emissions. Three-quarters of this is from road transport. Our World in Data | 229 | relationship | 0.970 | You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. | p[22] | 0.700 | valid | |
| What factors are expected to drive the growth in transport demand worldwide? | the global population increases, incomes rise, and more people can afford cars, trains, and flights | It emits just under one billion tonnes of CO2each year — around 2.5% of total global emissions[we look at air travel's role in climate change in more detail inanother article]. International shipping contributes a similar amount, at 10.6%. Rail travel and freight emit very little — only 1% of transport emissions. Other transport — mainly the movement of materials such as water, oil, and gas via pipelines — is responsible for 2.2%. Transport demand is expected to grow worldwide in the coming decades as the global population increases, incomes rise, and more people can afford cars, trains, and flights. | 507 | relationship | 0.970 | Transport demand is expected to grow worldwide in the coming decades as the global population increases, incomes rise, and more people can afford cars, trains, and flights. | p[0] | 0.700 | valid | |
| Why is the potential for hydrogen or batteries as fuel for planes, ships, and large trucks limited? | the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines | Other transport sectors will be much more difficult to decarbonize. In a paper published inScience, Steven Davis and colleagues looked at our options across sectors to reach a net-zero emissions energy system.3They highlighted long-distance road freight (large trucks), aviation, and shipping as particularly difficult to eliminate. The potential for hydrogen as a fuel or batteries to run planes, ships, and large trucks is limited by the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines. So, despite falling by three-quarters in the visualized scenario, emissions from these sub-sectors would still make transport the largest contributor to energy-related emissions in 2070. | 436 | relationship | 0.970 | The potential for hydrogen as a fuel or batteries to run planes, ships, and large trucks is limited by the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines. | ||||
| Why is the potential for hydrogen or batteries as fuels limited in certain transport sectors? | the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines | Other transport sectors will be much more difficult to decarbonize. In a paper published inScience, Steven Davis and colleagues looked at our options across sectors to reach a net-zero emissions energy system.3They highlighted long-distance road freight (large trucks), aviation, and shipping as particularly difficult to eliminate. The potential for hydrogen as a fuel or batteries to run planes, ships, and large trucks is limited by the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines. So, despite falling by three-quarters in the visualized scenario, emissions from these sub-sectors would still make transport the largest contributor to energy-related emissions in 2070. | 436 | relationship | 0.970 | The potential for hydrogen as a fuel or batteries to run planes, ships, and large trucks is limited by the range and power required; the size and weight of batteries or hydrogen fuel tanks would bemuchlarger and heavier than current combustion engines. |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 0.700 |
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| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 0.700 |
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| p[11] |
| 0.700 |
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| p[11] |
| 0.700 |
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