257 extractive question-and-answer pairs built from the source document, published by desagri.gov.in. Every answer is a verbatim span of text the source prints, and each row carries the passage it sits in, its offset in that passage, the source quote, the page and the location in the document, so any row can be checked against the original. 162 of the 257 pairs (63.0%) are explanatory questions and 95 restate a figure. 98.44% of rows pass the corpus quality gate.
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First 10 of 257 rows
| question | answer | context | answer_start | question_type | knowledge_quality_score | source_quote | source_page | source_location | confidence | validation_status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What does the seasonal component aim to identify? | an attempt to identify these variations that are regularly associated with the seasons of the year | ** Significant at 5 per cent level of significanc Seasonal variation in wholesale prices and arrivals of prices index Seasonal movements are periodic and regular in time series with periods less than one year. The seasonal component is an attempt to identify these variations that are regularly associated with the seasons of the year. In the present study, only monthly seasonal indices were constructed to know the intra- year movements in prices and arrivals. | 236 | definition | 1.000 | The seasonal component is an attempt to identify these variations that are regularly associated with the seasons of the year. | 21 | page=21,block=2 | 0.850 | valid |
| What kind of institution is IARI-Assam intended to be? | a Post-Graduate Institute of higher learning in Agricultural Education | Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Minister, Shri Radha Mohan Singh said that IARI-Assam would be a Post-Graduate Institute of higher learning in Agricultural Education and it would have all the hallmark identities of IARI in New Delhi including all sectors of agriculture like | 95 | definition | 1.000 | Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Minister, Shri Radha Mohan Singh said that IARI-Assam would be a Post-Graduate Institute of higher learning in Agricultural Education and it would have all the hallmark identities of IARI in New Delhi including all sectors of agriculture like | 5 | page=5,block=13 | 0.700 | valid |
| What scheme provides farmers with the lowest premium and covers various risks? | Prime Minister’s Fasal Bima Yojana | In the last three year, several initiatives were taken to make the country self-reliant in pulses and oilseeds. The farmers were provided unprecedented security through Prime Minister’s Fasal Bima Yojana, which has the lowest premium and covers various risks. The government has given priority to the interests of farmers by providing the District-wise contingency action plans and increasing the relief funds for the farmers affected by drought and hailstorm. | 169 | definition | 1.000 | The farmers were provided unprecedented security through Prime Minister’s Fasal Bima Yojana, which has the lowest premium and covers various risks. | 6 | page=6,block=7 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the variable Y represent in the provided log linear equation? | Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) | Log linear equations Log Y = Log a + b1log X1 + b2log X 2 + b3log X 3 + b4log X 4 + b5log X 5 + u. Y = Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) X1 = Human labour days (No.) X2 = Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) X3= Expenditure on plant protection measures (Rs.) X4 = Expenditure on fixed capital (Rs.) X5 = Expenditure on irrigation (Rs) u = Random error term Log a = Intercept and b1 to b5 are the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs. The marginal value product (MVP) of each input is worked out at its geometric mean level. Standard error of MVPs To calculate the standard error of Marginal Value Productivity (MVP) of resources Xi, the following formula has been used: S.E. (MVPxi) = SE (bi), Where MVP (Xi) is the Marginal Value Productivity of ith resource, bi is the regression coefficient. | 103 | definition | 1.000 | Y = Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) X1 = Human labour days (No.) X2 = Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) X3= Expenditure on plant protection measures (Rs.) X4 = Expenditure on fixed capital (Rs.) X5 = Expenditure on irrigation (Rs) u = Random error term Log a = Intercept and b1 to b5 are the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs. | ||||
| What does the variable X2 represent in the equation? | Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) | Log linear equations Log Y = Log a + b1log X1 + b2log X 2 + b3log X 3 + b4log X 4 + b5log X 5 + u. Y = Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) X1 = Human labour days (No.) X2 = Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) X3= Expenditure on plant protection measures (Rs.) X4 = Expenditure on fixed capital (Rs.) X5 = Expenditure on irrigation (Rs) u = Random error term Log a = Intercept and b1 to b5 are the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs. The marginal value product (MVP) of each input is worked out at its geometric mean level. Standard error of MVPs To calculate the standard error of Marginal Value Productivity (MVP) of resources Xi, the following formula has been used: S.E. (MVPxi) = SE (bi), Where MVP (Xi) is the Marginal Value Productivity of ith resource, bi is the regression coefficient. | 179 | definition | 1.000 | Y = Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) X1 = Human labour days (No.) X2 = Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) X3= Expenditure on plant protection measures (Rs.) X4 = Expenditure on fixed capital (Rs.) X5 = Expenditure on irrigation (Rs) u = Random error term Log a = Intercept and b1 to b5 are the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs. | ||||
| What do b1 to b5 represent in the log linear equation? | the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs | Log linear equations Log Y = Log a + b1log X1 + b2log X 2 + b3log X 3 + b4log X 4 + b5log X 5 + u. Y = Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) X1 = Human labour days (No.) X2 = Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) X3= Expenditure on plant protection measures (Rs.) X4 = Expenditure on fixed capital (Rs.) X5 = Expenditure on irrigation (Rs) u = Random error term Log a = Intercept and b1 to b5 are the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs. The marginal value product (MVP) of each input is worked out at its geometric mean level. Standard error of MVPs To calculate the standard error of Marginal Value Productivity (MVP) of resources Xi, the following formula has been used: S.E. (MVPxi) = SE (bi), Where MVP (Xi) is the Marginal Value Productivity of ith resource, bi is the regression coefficient. | 407 | definition | 1.000 | Y = Gross returns per hundred plants (Rupees) X1 = Human labour days (No.) X2 = Expenditure on manure and fertilizers (Rs.) X3= Expenditure on plant protection measures (Rs.) X4 = Expenditure on fixed capital (Rs.) X5 = Expenditure on irrigation (Rs) u = Random error term Log a = Intercept and b1 to b5 are the elasticity coefficients of respective factor inputs. | ||||
| What does distribution mean in the context of apple marketing in Jammu and Kashmir? | movement of apples from producer to ultimate consumer | Source: Directorate of Horticulture, Jammu & Kashmir. Distribution and marketing channels Distribution comprises movement of apples from producer to ultimate consumer. In this process, the fruits have to pass through more than one hand, except when it is directly sold to consumer by the producer, which is a rare phenomenon. | 113 | definition | 1.000 | Distribution and marketing channels Distribution comprises movement of apples from producer to ultimate consumer. | 17 | page=17,block=4 | 0.700 | valid |
| What components make up the price spread in apple marketing? | marketing costs and margins of intermediaries | In this chain, various agencies like growers, pre-harvest contractors, wholesalers, retailers, etc, are engaged. This chain of intermediaries/ functionaries is called the marketing channel. The following channels were identified as important channels on sampled farms of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir for marketing of their produce. A. Producer - pre-harvest contractor-commission agent/wholesaler-retailer – consumer. B. Producer - Forwarding agent - commission agent/ wholesaler-retailer – consumer C. Producer - commission agent/wholesaler- retailer – consumer D. Producer – Producers Cooperative Society- commission agent/wholesaler- consumer. E. Producer - HPMC-Processing unit (e) Price spread The price spread consists of marketing costs and margins of intermediaries. It explains the variance in the price received by the producers and price paid by the consumer. | 738 | definition | 1.000 | Producer - HPMC-Processing unit (e) Price spread The price spread consists of marketing costs and margins of intermediaries. | 17 | page=17,block=4 | 0.700 | valid |
| What does the concept of market integration represent? | the extent of transmission of prices and arrival signals and related market information from one market to another | Particulars Ambala Banglore Chandigarh Delhi (i) Constant 411.169 662.48 113.395 2875. (ii) Lag price 0.967*** 0.910*** 0.923*** 0.785*** (0.102) (0.106) (0.162) (0.198) (iii) Arrival - 0.105 -0.0957 0.139 -0.0426** (0.222) (0.115) (0.097) (0.021) (iv) R2 0.86 0.85 0.90 0. Note: Figures in parentheses is indicate standard error. *** Significant at 1 per cent level of significance ** Significant at 5 per cent level of significance Inter-market price behaviour Market integration implies the extent of transmission of prices and arrival signals and related market information from one market to another. If prices in different markets move in same direction, this would indicate that the markets are efficient in transmitting price signals and they are correlated. | 490 | definition | 1.000 | *** Significant at 1 per cent level of significance ** Significant at 5 per cent level of significance Inter-market price behaviour Market integration implies the extent of transmission of prices and arrival signals and related market information from one market to another. | 22 | page=22,block=16 | ||
| What does the abbreviation 'NPF' stand for in the provided formula? | Net Price received by the farmer | Estimation of post harvest losses in marketing In the conventional estimation procedures, the losses at different stages of marketing are not considered explicitly as an item of cost. It is considered either as part of net income received by farmer or the margin of the market intermediaries. The modified formulas (Murthy et al. 2007) were used separately for estimating the losses in value terms at different stages of marketing as well as for estimation of producers’ share and marketing margin. Net Price Received by Farmer NPF = GPF – (CF + (LF x GPF)) Where, NPF = Net Price received by the farmer in (Rs./Qtl.) GPF = Gross Price received by farmer in (Rs./Qtl.) CF = Cost incurred by farmers during Marketing (Rs./Qtl.) LF = Physical loss in produce from harvest till it reaches the market (qtl.) Evaluation of Post Harvest Losses during Marketing of Oranges | 571 | definition | 1.000 | Net Price Received by Farmer NPF = GPF – (CF + (LF x GPF)) Where, NPF = Net Price received by the farmer in (Rs./Qtl.) GPF = Gross Price received by farmer in (Rs./Qtl.) CF = Cost incurred by farmers during Marketing (Rs./Qtl.) LF = Physical loss in produce from harvest till it reaches the market (qtl.) Evaluation of Post Harvest Losses during Marketing of Oranges |
Read straight from the file — download or use the API URL for the full dataset.
| 15 |
| page=15,block=2 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 15 |
| page=15,block=2 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 15 |
| page=15,block=2 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 0.700 |
| valid |
| 25 |
| page=25,block=8 |
| 0.700 |
| valid |